ABSTRACT
AIM: (i) To evaluate the incidence of microcracks around root-end preparations completed with ultrasonic tips and their relationship with the root filling technique and thickness of surrounding dentine. (ii) To investigate the effect of rapid exposure to a water-soluble dye of Intermediate Restorative Material (IRM), Super Ethoxybenzoic Acid (sEBA) and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA), on the marginal adaptation and microleakage of root-end fillings. (iii) To describe the microstructure of the surface of root-end filling materials. METHODOLOGY: Ninety-two single-rooted teeth were divided into two groups (n = 46) according to the root canal instrumentation/filling techniques. Group 1 consisted of specimens in which canal preparation was completed using a crown-down technique and then filled with the Thermafil system (TF group); Group 2 consisted of specimens in which canal preparation was completed using a step-back technique and lateral condensation (LC group). Following root-end resection and ultrasonic cavity preparation, the samples were further divided into three subgroups (n = 24) for root-end filling with IRM, sEBA or MTA. The ultrasonic preparation time was recorded. Eight teeth were kept as positive and 12 as negative controls. Following immersion in Indian ink for 7 days, all resected root surfaces were evaluated for the presence of microcracks and the cross-sectional area of root-end surface and root-end filling were measured to evaluate the thickness of the dentinal walls. Thereafter, the samples were sectioned longitudinally so as to assess the depth of dye penetration and marginal adaptation of root-end fillings. Negative controls longitudinally sectioned were used to describe microstructural characteristics of the root-end filling materials using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) techniques. RESULTS: Although the thickness of dentinal walls between groups 1 and 2 was similar, the ultrasonic preparation time and number of microcracks were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the TF group. Both groups had a significant correlation between microcracks and ultrasonic preparation time (P < 0.001). sEBA and IRM had better adaptation and less leakage compared with MTA. A SEM analysis displayed microstructural differences between the root-end filling materials. CONCLUSION: Microcracks can occur independently of the thickness of dentinal walls and may be associated with the prolonged ultrasonic preparation time required for the removal of the root filling during root-end cavity preparation. Although sEBA and IRM had better behaviour than MTA regarding microleakage and marginal adaptation, it is possible that exposure of MTA to a water-soluble dye before achieving full set and its porous microstructure contributed to the results.
Subject(s)
Dental Leakage/epidemiology , Dental Marginal Adaptation , Root Canal Therapy/methods , Tooth Apex/surgery , Aluminum Compounds/chemistry , Analysis of Variance , Calcium Compounds/chemistry , Chi-Square Distribution , Drug Combinations , Humans , Oxides/chemistry , Root Canal Filling Materials/chemistry , Silicates/chemistry , Statistics, Nonparametric , Ultrasonic TherapyABSTRACT
La reforma colombiana sobre salud y seguridad social (Ley 100 de 1993) constituye una de las políticas públicas más ambiciosas y complejas, tanto en el contexto de los países de América Latina como en el conjunto de los sectores sociales del país. Es importante conocer los avances, obstáculos y limitaciones que presenta su implementación para extraer conclusiones y enseñanzas que orienten su desarrollo futuro y contribuya a la formulación de la política sectorial en los países del área. Con estos propósitos se han realizado esfuerzos encaminados a consolidar un obsevatorio del sistema general de seguridad social en salud, inspirado en los principios de la ley: universalidad, solidaridad y eficiencia, lo cual se concreta en el seguimiento de variables e indicadores claves.En este artículo se presenta un resultado de dicho seguimiento, con una metodología básica, y algunos resultados para el caso del departamento de Antioquia, los cuales se concentran en los siguientes items: resursos públicos, cobertura del aseguramiento, disponibilidad de recursos y cambios en hospitales (financiamiento y planta de personal) se reiteran las dificultades para alcanzar las principales metas de la Ley 100, en particular la de afiliación total de la población, y se advierten limitaciones estructurales del sistema vigente
Subject(s)
Health Care Economics and Organizations , Health Services Coverage , Health Status Indicators , Social SecurityABSTRACT
The liver abscess is the most frequent extraintestinal complication of intestinal amoebiasis: its diagnosis is suggested by the clinical picture but it must be confirmed by paraclinic tests. Themost stringent diagnosis requires identification of E. histolytica. But this is possible only in a few cases. Serological tests greatly improve the diagnosis of this severe complication of amoebiasis. We compared the Enzyme Linfed Immunosorbent Assay and the Counterimmunoelectrophoresis techniques. Both techniques were used to detect amoebic antibodies in 50 control patients, 30 patients with liver abscess and 30 patients with intestinal amoebiasis. All the sera from control patients gave negative results in both techniques. When analysing the sera from patients with intestinal amoebiasis, 10% of them were positive by ELISA but non by CIE. The sera of patients with liver abscess, we found that 90% were positive by the ELISA method and 66.6% by the CIE technique. In patients with amoebic liver abscess, the results showed that the ELISA was more sensitive than the CIE, as it presented a higher sensitivity (100%) than that of the CIE technique (66%).
