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1.
Pulm Pharmacol Ther ; 28(2): 122-9, 2014 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24394979

ABSTRACT

General anesthesia is frequently associated to transient hypoxemia and lung atelectasis. Although volatile anesthetics are safe and widely used, their potential role on anesthesia-induced pulmonary impairment has not been fully explored. In this study, we investigated the effect of volatile anesthetic sevoflurane on pulmonary surfactant composition and structure that could contribute to atelectasis. After 30 min of sevoflurane anesthesia, Sprague-Dawley rats showed increased levels of lyso-phosphatidylcholine and decreased levels of phosphatidylcholine associated with significant impairment in lung mechanics and alveolar collapse, but showed no deterioration of alveolar fluid reabsorption when compared to control group of rats anesthetized with pentobarbital. Exposure to sevoflurane altered the thermotropic profile of surfactant model membranes, as detected by fluorescence anisotropy. In this sense, sevoflurane-promoted fluidification of condensed phases could potentially impair the ability of surfactant films to sustain the lowest surface tensions. In conclusion, the observed changes in surfactant composition and viscosity properties suggest a direct effect of sevoflurane on surfactant function, a factor potentially involved in anesthetic-induced alterations in lung mechanics.


Subject(s)
Anesthetics, Inhalation/toxicity , Methyl Ethers/toxicity , Pulmonary Alveoli/drug effects , Pulmonary Surfactants/metabolism , Animals , Fluorescence Polarization , Lysophosphatidylcholines/metabolism , Male , Phosphatidylcholines/metabolism , Pulmonary Alveoli/pathology , Pulmonary Atelectasis/chemically induced , Rats , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Sevoflurane , Surface Tension/drug effects , Viscosity/drug effects
2.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 8(2): 131-40, 1984. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-132354

ABSTRACT

Se estudiaron 27 pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica (EPOC) con diagnóstico clínico-radiológico y espirométrico. Durante la respiración tranquila se midieron: la complacencia pulmonar estática (CE), la complacencia pulmonar dinámica (CD) y la resistencia pulmonar total (RPT). Se compararon los resultados con los de una población normal. La CE del grupo de pacientes con EPOC fue de 0.515ñ0.385 L/cm H²O y la del grupo control 0.192ñ0.039 L/cm H²O (p<0.05). La RPT de los pacientes con EPOC fue de 5.6ñ4.3 cm H²O/L/s, significativamente mayor que la del grupo control: 2.64ñ1.07 cm H²O/L/s (p<0.05). No existió diferencia significativa en los valores de la CD entre ambos grupos. No se encontró correlación entre la complacencia estática y la capacidad vital. Tampoco existió correlación de la CD o la RPT con los parámetros espirométricos indicadores de limitación del flujo espiratorio (CVF, VEF1s, VEF1s/CVF Y FEF 25-75 por ciento ). Se concluye que el estudio de la mecánica ventilatoria durante la respiración tranquila en el EPOC, aporta información sobre la distensibilidad pulmonar y el estado de la vía aérea que es complementaria de la obtenida mediante la espirometría forzada


Subject(s)
Middle Aged , Humans , Male , Female , Respiratory Mechanics , Lung Diseases, Obstructive/diagnosis , Airway Resistance , Respiratory Function Tests
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