National validation of the nursing Intensive-Care satisfaction scale: Research protocol.

AIM: Validate the Nursing Intensive-Care Satisfaction Scale in ICUs throughout Spain. Identify the improvement strategies recommended by the patients and professionals. DESIGN: Quantitative psychometric methodology and a cross-sectional descriptive correlational design. METHODS: The study population will be all patients discharged from 19 participating ICUs in Spain. Consecutive sampling (n = 564). Once discharged from the ICUs, they will receive the questionnaire and then, after 48 hours it will be given to them again to analyse the temporal stability. To validate the questionnaire, the internal consistency (Cronbach's Alpha) and temporal stability (test-retest) will be analysed. RESULTS: Improve the quality of nursing care by modifying, changing or strengthening behaviours, skills, attitudes or areas for improvement involved in the process.

Impacto de la pandemia por COVID-19 en la implantación de una guía de buenas prácticas sobre las lesiones por presión / Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the implementation of best practice guidelines on pressure injuries

Objetivo: Evaluar el impacto de la COVID-19 en la implantaciónde la Guía de Buenas Prácticas clínicas de la Registered Nurses’Association of Ontario, de valoración del riesgo y prevención de laslesiones por presión sobre los indicadores de calidad asistencial enla Unidad de Medicina Interna del Hospital Universitari GermansTrias i Pujol. Metodología: Estudio observacional, analítico, de 2cohortes retrospectivas, que compara los indicadores de calidad pre ypostimplementación de 2017 con los del año 2021. Explotación dedatos de forma retrospectiva y pseudoanonimizada. Análisis descriptivounivariante, así como inferencial para el contraste de hipótesis deestudio. En todos los casos se utilizaron aproximaciones bilaterales,siendo el nivel de significación del 5% (α = 0,05). Resultados: Seincluyeron 946 sujetos, de los que el 49,9% fueron hombres y el50,1% mujeres. La media de edad fue de 75 años. La incidencia delesiones por presión fue del 8,1% en 2017 y del 8,9% en 2021, sinexistir evidencias estadísticamente significativas (p = 0,8). Respectoa la proporción de lesiones por presión de origen nosocomial,también se observó un considerable aumento, que fue del 27,5% en2017 y del 60% en 2021, aunque tampoco se hallaron diferenciasestadísticamente significativas (p = 0,094). Sin embargo, en cuantoal riesgo de presentar lesiones por presión y de su aparición, sí que seobservaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en ambos años (p< 0,001 en 2017, y p = 0,011 en 2021). Conclusiones: La pandemiaobligó a detener el proceso de implantación de las guías de buenasprácticas, repercutiendo en los indicadores de calidad asistencial. (AU)

Objective: To assess the impact of COVID-19 on theimplementation of the Risk Assessment and Prevention ofPressure Ulcers Best Practice Guideline (BPG) of the RegisteredNurses’ Association of Ontario, in quality indicators in thegeneral internal medicine unit of the Hospital UniversitariGermans Trias i Pujol. Methodology: Observational studyof 2 retrospective cohorts, comparing the pre- and postimplementation quality indicators of 2017 with those ofthe year 2021. A pseudonymized data exploitation wasconducted for subsequent univariate descriptive analysis, aswell as inferential analysis and hypothesis contrasting. Bilateralapproaches were used in all cases, with a significance level of 5%(α = 0.05). Results: A total of 946 individuals were included, ofwhich 49.9% were men and 50.1% were women. The mean agewas 75 years. The incidence of PI was 8.1% in 2017 and 8.9%in 2021, with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.8).Regarding the proportion of hospital-acquired PI, a considerableincrease was also observed, being 27.5% in 2017 and 60% in2021, although no statistically significant differences were foundeither (p = 0.094). However, regarding the risk of presentingPI and their incidence, statistically significant differences wereobserved in both years (p < 0.001 in 2017, and p = 0.011 in2021). Conclusions: The pandemic made it necessary to stopthe BPG implementation process, impacting negatively on thequality of care indicators. (AU)

Nursing Interventions for Patient Empowerment during Intensive Care Unit Discharge: A Systematic Review.

Intensive care unit discharge is an important transition that impacts a patient's wellbeing. Nurses can play an essential role in this scenario, potentiating patient empowerment. A systematic review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (the PRISMA Statement. Embase), PubMed/MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CUIDEN Plus, and LILACS databases; these were evaluated in May 2021. Two independent reviewers analyzed the studies, extracted the data, and assessed the quality of evidence. Quality of the studies included was assessed using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Of the 274 articles initially identified, eight randomized controlled trials that reported on nursing interventions had mainly focused on patients' ICU discharge preparation through information and education. The creation of ICU nurse-led teams and nurses' involvement in critical care multidisciplinary teams also aimed to support patients during ICU discharge. This systematic review provides an update on the clinical practice aimed at improving the patient experience during ICU discharge. The main nursing interventions were based on information and education, as well as the development of new nursing roles. Understanding transitional needs and patient empowerment are key to making the transition easier.

Age Hardening of Extruded AA 6005A Aluminium Alloy Powders.

Pre-alloyed micron-sized 6005A Al alloy (AA 6005A) powders, with a Mg/Si atomic ratio of 0.75, obtained by high pressure inert gas atomization were consolidated by uniaxial cold pressing at 200 MPa into cylindrical Al containers and hot extruded at 450, 480 and 500 °C with an extrusion rate of 7:1, followed by artificial T6 precipitation hardening. Ageing conditions were varied between 170 °C and 190 °C and times of 6, 7 and 8 hours. The microstructure of the extruded profiles was analysed using X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), light optical microscopy (LOM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to study the possible phase transformations. After our results, the peak-aging hardness condition was achieved at 180 °C for 6 h. Mechanical properties of the powder metallurgy (P/M) aluminium alloys consolidated by hot extrusion were superior to those of the extruded profiles of wrought alloy using conventional ingot metallurgy (I/M) billets. AA 6005A wrought P/M alloy via T6 heat treatment shown yield stress of 317 MPa and elongation of 21% at the extrusion pre-heating temperature of 500 °C.

Validez de dos instrumentos para medir la relación interpersonal de la enfermera con el paciente y su familia en la unidad de cuidado intensivo / Validity of Two Instruments to Measure Interpersonal Relationship of Nurses with Patients and their Families in the Intensive Care Unit / Validade dos instrumentos para medir a relação interpessoal da enfermeira com o paciente e sua família na unidade de terapia intensiva

Objetivo: Construir, refinar, validar facialmente y de contenido dos instrumentos para medir la relación interpersonal enfermera-familia y enfermera-paciente adulto en la unidad de cuidado intensivo (UCI). Método: Estudio metodológico de abordaje cuantitativo, realizado por fases, para el diseño, validación facial, de contenido y refinamiento de dos instrumentos. Se consideraron los criterios de redacción, gramática, cohesión y coherencia en la validez facial, y la pertinencia y concordancia de cada ítem en la validez de contenido. Resultados: Dos instrumentos; valoración de la relación interpersonal enfermera-paciente en la UCI (VRIEP-UCI) y valoración de la relación interpersonal enfermera-familia o acompañante del paciente en la UCI (VRIEF-UCI), instrumentos a los cuales se les realizó validación facial mediante el juicio de 7 expertas, y de contenido mediante el coeficiente de concordancia de Kappa, superior a 0,50 con una fuerza de concordancia moderada según Landis y koch. Esto permitió ajuste en su diseño y refinamiento con mejor seguridad y exactitud. Conclusión: Esta investigación aporta dos instrumentos diseñados, validados y estructurados para la práctica del cuidado de enfermería en la UCI con población colombiana adulta, que permiten crear evidencia al valorar en el cuidado la relación interpersonal entre la enfermera y el paciente, y entre la enfermera y la familia del paciente.

Objective: Building, refining, and establishing the face validity of the contents of two instruments to measure the interpersonal nurse-family and nurse-adult patient relationships in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Method: Methodological study with a quantitative approach, carried out in stages, for the design, face validity, content validation, and refining of two instruments. We took into account the criteria of grammar, cohesion, and coherence for face validity, and relevance and concordance of each item for the content validation Results: Two instruments; assessment of the interpersonal relationship nurse-patient in the ICU (VRIEP-ICU), and assessment of the interpersonal relationship nurse-family or caretaker of the patient in the ICU (VRIEF - ICU). Face validity was carried out on these instruments by means of the opinion of 7 experts, and content validation was carried out by means of the Kappa concordance quotient, higher than 0.50, with an almost perfect concordance robustness, according to Landis and Koch. This allowed for adjustments in its design and refining with greater security and precision. Conclusion: This research provides two instruments that were designed, validated, and structured for the practice of nursing care in the ICU, with adult Colombian population, which enables the creation of evidence by assessing during care the interpersonal relationship between the nurse and the patient and the nurse and the family of the patient.

Objetivo: Construção, refinação, validação facial e de conteúdo de dois instrumentos para medir a relação interpessoal enfermeira-família, e enfermeira-paciente adulto, na unidade de terapia intensiva (UCI). Método: Estudo metodológico de abordagem quantitativa, realizado por fases, para o desenho, validação facial, de conteúdo e refinação de dois instrumentos. Consideraram-se os critérios de redação, gramática, coesão e coerência e cada item na validação de conteúdo. Resultados: Dois instrumentos; valoração da relação interpessoal enfermeira-paciente na UTI (VRIEP-UTI) e valoração da relação interpessoal enfermeira-família ou acompanhante do paciente na UTI (VRIEFUTI), instrumentos dos quais se realizou validação facial mediante o julgamento de 7 especialistas, e de conteúdo mediante o coeficiente de concordância Kappa, superior a 0,50 com uma força de concordância quase perfeita segundo Landis e Koch, que permitiu ajustar o desenho e refinação deles com maior certeza e exatidão. Conclusão: Esta pesquisa contribui com dois instrumentos desenhados, validados e estruturados para a prática do cuidado de enfermagem na UTI com população colombiana adulta, que permitem criar evidência ao valorizar no cuidado a relação interpessoal entre a enfermeira e o paciente, e entre a enfermeira e a família o paciente.

Paraplejia: pasado y futuro del ser / Paraplegia: past and future of self

El propósito del artículo es presentar una síntesis de la literatura publicada entre 1988 y 2008 sobre los cambios en la corporalidad de las personas con paraplejia secundaria a un trauma raquimedular y su relevancia para el cuidado de enfermería. La revisión incluyó 22 estudios cualitativos, 5 cuantitativos y 20 piezas documentales, publicadas por profesionales de la salud y de las ciencias humanas. Los resultados permiten concluir que las secuelas del trauma raquimedular causan dependencia, alteran la imagen corporal, la interacción social, el sentido de coherencia del ser y la corporalidad. Con el tiempo, estas personas, re-conocen su "nuevo cuerpo" y construyen una nueva corporalidad, proceso que aún no ha sido descrito y que se considera fundamental para el cuidado de enfermería, encaminado a ayudar a las personas con este tipo de lesión para lidiar con las dificultades cotidianas (AU)

The purpose of this paper is to present a synthesis of the literature published between 1988 and 2008 about changes in the body and embodiment of people with paraplegia secondary to spinal cord injury and it's relevance to nursing care. The review included 22 qualitative studies, 5 quantitative studies and 20 documental, issued by practitioners of health and human sciences. The results of the synthesis led to the conclusion that the consequences of the spinal injury cause dependence, altered body image, the social interaction, the sense of coherence and the embodiment of people with paraplegia. Over the time, people with paraplegia, acknowledge their "new body" and build a new embodiment, a process that has not yet been described and is considered essential to nursing care aimed at helping people with this type of injury to deal with daily difficulties (AU)

Pilomatricoma pigmentado / Pigmented pilomatricoma

Una mujer de 49 años mostraba en la frente un nódulo con aspecto de quiste epidermoide. El estudio histopatológico mostró un pilomatricoma con abundante pigmento melánico en el parénquima y el estroma. Esto es un hallazgo infrecuente en los pilomatricomas que puede ser motivo de confusión y desafío diagnóstico en caso de realizar biopsia parcial de los mismos (AU)