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1.
Rev. esp. anestesiol. reanim ; 58(10): 611-613, dic. 2011.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-138758

ABSTRACT

Describimos el uso de sugammadex en un paciente trasplantado renal, en el cual se utilizó rocuronio. Paciente varón, trasplantado renal 4 años antes. Ingresó en el hospital por linfoma gástrico no Hodgkin y hemorragia digestiva que precisaba cirugía. Se constató hipertensión arterial, taquicardia y extrasístoles ventriculares frecuentes. La inducción de la anestesia se realizó con propofol, fentanilo y rocuronio. La intubación se realizó sin incidencias. Se monitorizó la oximetría de pulso, capnografía, frecuencia cardiaca, electrocardiograma, presión arterial invasiva, gasto cardiaco, volumen sistólico, el índice biespectral, temperatura y función neuromuscular. Para el mantenimiento se empleó infusión de propofol, fentanilo y rocuronio en dos bolos de 20 mg guiados por TOF (tren de cuatro estímulos). La diuresis total fue de 1.100 mI. La intervención duró 4 horas 30 minutos. Al finalizar la intervención, la recuperación espontánea de la función neuromuscular llegó hasta dos respuestas del TOF, por lo que se administró 2 mg/kg de sugammadex. Se apreció un TOFr de 94% tras 158 segundos de inyectado el fármaco. El paciente fue extubado sin complicaciones. El sugammadex es un agente utilizable en pacientes trasplantados renales, toda vez que al recuperar el filtrado glomerular puede excretar el complejo sugammadex-rocuronio (AU)


We report the use of sugammadex to reverse a rocuronium block in a man who had received a kidney transplant 4 years earlier. The patient was admitted for gastric non-Hodgkins lymphoma and bleeding that required surgery. Arterial hypertension, tachycardia, and frequent ventricular extrasystoles were detected. Anesthetic induction was accomplished with propofol, fentanyl, and rocuronium; intubation was uneventful. We monitored pulse oximetry, capnography, heart rate, electrocardiography, arterial pressure (invasive), cardiac output, end-systolic volume, bispectral index, temperature, and neuromuscular function. Anesthesia was maintained with an infusion of propofol, fentanyl, and rocuronium guided by train-of-four (TOF) ratio. Total diuresis was 1100 mL. The operation lasted 4.5 hours. Recovery of neuromuscular response was spontaneous until the second TOF twitch, after which we injected 2 mg/kg of sugammadex. A TOF ratio of 0.94 was recorded 158 seconds after injection of the reversal agent. The patient was extubated without complications. Sugammadex can be used in patients with a transplanted kidney, provided the glomerular filtration rate has recovered sufficiently to allow full excretion of the sugammadex-rocuronium complex (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Kidney Transplantation/methods , Propofol/therapeutic use , Fentanyl/therapeutic use , Intubation/instrumentation , Intubation/methods , Intubation , Lymphoma/complications , Hemorrhage/complications , Hemorrhage/drug therapy , Hypertension/complications , Tachycardia/complications , Tachycardia/drug therapy , Oximetry/methods , Oximetry , Diuresis/physiology
2.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 21(2): 27-30, abr.-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-97921

ABSTRACT

En su conjunto, la respuesta inmune pretende: destruir los elementos extraños o no reparables del organismo; delimitar y aislar el foco inflamatorio, reparar las lesiones promoviendo la cicatrización y la neovascularización, activar los mecanismos generales que aporten células y nutrientes (activación neuroendocrina y metabólica); y evitar la generalización del proceso, induciendo una cierta inmunodepresión sistémica contrarreguladora. En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión sobre los aspectos fisiopatológicos derivados de la respuesta metabólica, inmunológica e inflamatoria a la agresión quirúrgica(AU)


On the Whole, the immune response seeks: to destroy the foreing or not repairable elements of the organism; to limit and to isolate the focus of the inflamation; to repair the lesion by advancyng the cicatrization and the neovascularización; to activate the general mechanisms that bring cells and nutrients (neuroendocrina and metabolic activation); and to avoid the generalization of the process inducing a certain systemic contraregulatory inmunodepression In the present work a review is maid of the physiopatologyc aspects derived from the metabolic, immunological and inflammatory response to the surgical aggression(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Anesthesia/methods , Anesthesia/trends , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic , Neovascularization, Physiologic , Neovascularization, Physiologic/immunology , Adjuvants, Anesthesia/immunology , Adjuvants, Anesthesia/metabolism , Anesthetics/immunology , Anesthetics/metabolism , Angiogenesis Inhibitors/immunology , Anesthetics, General/immunology , Anesthetics, General/metabolism , Anesthetics, Combined/immunology , Anesthetics, Combined/metabolism
3.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 21(2): 35-44, abr.-jun. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-97923

ABSTRACT

La agresión quirúrgica provoca una respuesta endocrinometabólica, siendo el dolor postoperatorio uno de los factores implicados en la producción de dicha respuesta, consecuencia de la activación del sistema simpático y estimulación del eje endocrino hipotálamo-hipofisario-adrenal (HHA). El anestesiólogo puede modificar estas respuestas endocrinas y metabólicas al utilizar los distintos fármacos o técnicas anestésicas durante el acto quirúrgico. En un intento de frenar los efectos de la secreción de catecolaminas, debida al estrés quirúrgico, se han utilizado fármacos como los bloqueantes beta adrenérgicos, con el fin de evitar complicaciones como la isquemia miocárdica perioperatoria. Los resultados han demostrado que los betabloqueantes no disminuyen la respuesta neuroendocrina al estrés, pero sí disminuyen los requerimientos analgésicos, se produce una recuperación de la anestesia más rápida y una mejoría en la estabilidad hemodinámica. En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión sobre los aspectos clínicos derivados de la respuesta neuroendocrina, metabólica, inmunológica e inflamatoria a la agresión quirúrgica(AU)


The surgical aggression provokes an endocrinometabolic response, with the postoperatory pain beeing one of the factors involved in the production of the above mentioned response, consequence of the activation of the simpathetic nervous system and stimulation of the endocrine hypothalamus - hipofisario-adrenal axis (HHA). The anaesthtetist can modify these endocrine and metabolic responses on by using the different drugs or anesthesic techniques during the surgical operation. In an attempt to the limit the effects of the catecolamines secretion due to the surgical stress, the medicaments such as adrenergic betablockers have been iused, in order to avoid complications such perioperatory myocardic ischemia. The results have demonstrated that betablockers do not reduce the neuroendocrine response to the stress, but do reduce the analgesic requirements, tand a faster recovery from the anesthesia is produced, and an improvement in the hemodinámic stability In the present work a review is made on the clinical aspects derived from the neuroendocrine, metabolic, immunological and inflammatory response to the surgical aggression(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Stress, Physiological , Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/drug therapy , Stress, Psychological/drug therapy , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/therapeutic use , Hemodynamics , Pain, Postoperative/metabolism , Pain, Postoperative/physiopathology , Postoperative Period , Endocrine Glands , Catecholamines/pharmacology , Catecholamines/pharmacokinetics , Catecholamines/therapeutic use , Receptors, Catecholamine , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/metabolism , Adrenergic beta-Antagonists/pharmacokinetics
4.
Actual. anestesiol. reanim ; 21(1): 3-9, ene.-mar. 2011.
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-97558

ABSTRACT

Durante una intervención quirúrgica, el SNA es influenciado por la estimulación quirúrgica y por los efectos de los fármacos anestésicos empleados. En la anestesia general se ha demostrado un aumento del tono simpático durante la intubación orotraqueal a pesar de una inducción anestésica correcta. La anestesia espinal produce un bloqueo del SNS, proporcional al nivel del bloqueo alcanzado. Cuando la ansiolisis y el control del dolor son adecuados, los niveles de catecolaminas en orina (CATO) en el periodo postoperatorio, no difieren significativamente de los valores encontrados preoperatoriamente. Por otro lado, los niveles plasmáticos sufren importantes variaciones en función de los estímulos, y así los niveles de Adrenalina (AD) en sangre aumentan bruscamente después de la incisión quirúrgica. La secreción de AD se puede minimizar con una adecuada técnica anestésica (anestesia intravenosa con opiáceos) que disminuya la agresión durante la incisión y la secreción de ACTH como respuesta al estrés. En el presente trabajo se hace una revisión sobre los aspectos fisiopatológicos derivados de la respuesta neuroendocrina a la agresión quirúrgica. Dicho estudio se basa en la detección de las hormonas más significativas de la respuesta ante la agresión(AU)


During a surgical intervention, the Autonomous Neurological System (SNA) is influenced by the surgical stimulation and by the effects of the anesthesic drugs used. In general anesthesia an increase of the simpathetic tone during the orotracheal intubation has been demonstrated in spite of a correct anesthesic induction. The spinal anesthesia produces a blockade of the Central Nervous System (SNC) proportional to the level of the blockage reached. When the sedation and the control of pain are adequate, the levels of catecolaminas in urine ((CATO) in the postoperatory period, do not differ significantly from the magnitude found in the preoperatory. On the other hand, the plasmatic levels undergo important variations depending on the stimuly, and in the adrenalin levels (AD) in blood increase sharply after the surgical incision.. AD secretion can be minimized with an adequate anesthesic technique (intravenous anesthesia with opiates) that reduces the aggression during the incision and ACTH secretion as a response to the stress. In the present work a review is made on the physiopatologics aspects derived from the norendocrine response to the surgical aggression. This study is based on the detection of the most significant hormones in the response to the aggression (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Neurosecretory Systems , Anesthetics/pharmacokinetics , Intubation, Intratracheal , Catecholamines/urine , Adrenocorticotropic Hormone , Epinephrine
5.
Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim ; 58(10): 611-3, 2011 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22263406

ABSTRACT

We report the use of sugammadex to reverse a rocuronium block in a man who had received a kidney transplant 4 years earlier. The patient was admitted for gastric non-Hodgkins lymphoma and bleeding that required surgery. Arterial hypertension, tachycardia, and frequent ventricular extrasystoles were detected. Anesthetic induction was accomplished with propofol, fentanyl, and rocuronium; intubation was uneventful. We monitored pulse oximetry, capnography, heart rate, electrocardiography, arterial pressure (invasive), cardiac output, end-systolic volume, bispectral index, temperature, and neuromuscular function. Anesthesia was maintained with an infusion of propofol, fentanyl, and rocuronium guided by train-of-four (TOF) ratio. Total diuresis was 1100 mL. The operation lasted 4.5 hours. Recovery of neuromuscular response was spontaneous until the second TOF twitch, after which we injected 2 mg/kg of sugammadex. A TOF ratio of 0.94 was recorded 158 seconds after injection of the reversal agent. The patient was extubated without complications. Sugammadex can be used in patients with a transplanted kidney, provided the glomerular filtration rate has recovered sufficiently to allow full excretion of the sugammadex-rocuronium complex.


Subject(s)
Kidney Transplantation , gamma-Cyclodextrins/therapeutic use , Adult , Humans , Male , Neuromuscular Blockade , Sugammadex
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