ABSTRACT
Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormone synthesized in the lactotrophs of the adenohypophysis and in extrahypophyseal glands (such as the prostate and breasts) where it promotes their development. PRL is also involved in cancer development in these glands. It has been shown to stimulate cancer cell migration, suggesting its possible involvement in metastasis, in which cell migration plays an essential role. However, the role of PRL in cell migration is still unclear. Moreover, the intracellular mechanisms activated by PRL to carry out cell migration are less well understood. PRL exerts its effects via the PRL receptor (PRLR), which leads intracellularly to phosphorylation of Janus protein kinase 2 (JAK2), which in turn phosphorylates p21-activated protein kinase (PAK1), leading to an increase in cell migration. Although several studies have described the involvement of the PRL-PAK1 pathway in breast cancer cell migration, the molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated and there is no integration of these into signaling pathways. This study was conducted based on literature search of review articles and original research in the PubMed database, using the following keywords: PRL, cell migration, PRL and cell migration, PAK1 and signaling pathways. The aim of this review article was to describe the major signaling pathways controlled by PRL-PAK1 and propose a comprehensive model of the signaling pathways associated with PRL-PAK1.
ABSTRACT
Cell migration is the process by which cells move through tissues, and it is crucial to carry out a wide variety of physiological and pathological processes. The study methods to evaluate cell migration are very useful tools for biomedical research. Among these methods, the wound and healing assay is one of the simplest, most economical and is widely used in research. However, one of its disadvantages is that the width and shape of the wound can vary among experimental samples since the scraping is carried out manually, representing a difficult variable to control. In the present article a variant of the razor scrape assay is addressed, which eliminates this variation in the width of the wound, thus facilitating the measurement and comparison using the total area of cell migration.â¢A method that can be carried out under standard culture conditions.â¢Avoids the disadvantage of variation in width and shape of the wound.â¢It constitutes a simple, cheap option and multiple advantages over the traditional method.
ABSTRACT
La aplasia de médula ósea (AMO) es una enfermedad poco frecuente caracterizada porun síndrome de falla medular con citopenias periféricas y médula ósea hipo o acelular, en ausenciade blastos y mielodisplasia. El trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos (TAPH) y la terapiainmunosupresora (TI) son tratamientos aceptados para pacientes con esta patología. Objetivo:determinar la supervivencia global a un año de los pacientes con AMO de acuerdo con el tratamientorecibido. Diseño: estudio de serie de casos. Lugar: servicio de hematología del Hospital de San Joséy unidad de trasplante de médula ósea de la Clínica de Marly. Pacientes: 36 con AMO. Intervención:trasplante alogénico de progenitores hematopoyéticos de un donante HLA-idéntico relacionado oterapia inmunosupresora. Medición: se realizó el análisis descriptivo a través de tablas de frecuencia.Las probabilidades de supervivencia fueron estimadas usando el método de Kaplan-Meier. Resultados:la supervivencia global a un año del grupo de TAPH fue de 64% y del grupo de TI 57%. Respecto alos factores pronósticos, se encontró que en los dos grupos de tratamiento los recuentos de neutrófilos>500 y de plaquetas >10.000 al momento del diagnóstico se relacionaron con una mayor supervivenciaen el primer año. Además un menor soporte transfusional tanto de PQ como de glóbulos rojos desdeel diagnóstico hasta el momento del tratamiento tiene una fuerte relación con la supervivencia al año.
