Aged interleukin-10tm1Cgn chronically inflamed mice have substantially reduced fat mass, metabolic rate, and adipokines.

Interleukin 10tm1Cgn (IL 10tm) mice have been utilized as a model of chronic inflammation and declining health span because of their propensity to develop chronic activation in NFkB pathways, skeletal muscle and cardiac changes, and mitochondrial dysfunction. We hypothesized that older IL 10tm frail mice would have alterations similar to frail, older humans in measured parameters of glucose metabolism, oxygen consumption (VO2), respiratory quotient (RQ), spontaneous locomotor activity, body composition and plasma adipokine levels. To test this hypothesis, we investigated these metabolic parameters in cohorts of 3, 10, and 20 month old IL 10tm female mice and age and gender matched C57Bl/6 mice. Insulin sensitivity, glucose homeostasis, locomotor activity and RQ were not significantly altered between the two strains of mice. Interestingly, old IL 10tm mice had significantly decreased VO2 when normalized by lean mass, but not when normalized by fat mass or the lean/fat mass ratio. NMR based body composition analysis and dissection weights show that fat mass is decreased with age in IL 10tm mice compared to controls. Further, plasma adiponectin and leptin were also decreased in IL 10tm.These findings suggest that frailty observed in this mouse model of chronic inflammation may in part be driven by alterations in fat mass, hormone secretion and energy metabolism.

Incidental diagnosis of tumor thrombosis on FDG PET/CT imaging / Diagnóstico incidental de trombosis tumoral con FDG PET/TC

Objective. Clinical data are presented on patients with tumor thrombosis (TT) incidentally detected on FDG PET/CT imaging, as well as determining its prevalence and metabolic characteristics. Materials and methods. Out of 12,500 consecutive PET/CT examinations of patients with malignancy, the PET/CT images of 15 patients with TT as an incidental finding were retrospectively investigated. A visual and semiquantitative analyses was performed on the PET/CT scans. An evaluation was made of the pattern of FDG uptake in the involved vessel as linear or focal via visual analyses. For the semiquantitative analyses, the metabolic activity was measured using SUVmax by drawing the region of interest at the site of the thrombosis and tumor (if any). Results. The prevalence of occult TT was 0.12%. A total of 15 patients had various malignancies including renal (1 patient), liver (4), pancreas (2), stomach (1), colon (1), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1), leiomyosarcoma (1), endometrial (1), ovarian (1), malign melanoma (1) and parotid (1). Nineteen vessels with TT were identified in 15 patients; three patients had more than one vessel. Various vessels were affected; the most common was the inferior vena cava (n = 7) followed by the portal (n = 5), renal (n = 3), splenic (n = 1), jugular (n = 1), common iliac (n = 1) and ovarian vein (n = 1). The FDG uptake pattern was linear in 12 and focal in 3 patients. The mean SUVmax values in the TT and primary tumors were 8.40 ± 4.56 and 13.77 ± 6.80, respectively. Conclusion. Occult TT from various malignancies and locations was found incidentally in 0.12% of patients. Interesting cases with malign melanoma and parotid carcinoma and with TT in ovarian vein were first described by FDG PET/CT. Based on the linear FDG uptake pattern and high SUVmax value, PET/CT may accurately detect occult TT, help with the assessment of treatment response, contribute to correct tumor staging, and provide additional information on the survival rates of oncology patients (AU)

Objetivo. Se presentan los datos clínicos de pacientes con trombosis tumoral (TT) detectada incidentalmente en estudios FDG PET/TC, y se determinan su prevalencia y sus características metabólicas. Material y Métodos. De 12,500 exploraciones consecutivas PET/TC realizadas en pacientes con tumores malignos, se analizaron de forma retrospectiva las imágenes PET/TC de 15 pacientes con TT como un hallazgo incidental. Se realizaron un análisis visual y un análisis semicuantitativo de las exploraciones PET/TC. El patrón de captación de FDG en el vaso afecto, evaluado por análisis visual, fue lineal o focal. En el análisis semicuantitativo se midió la actividad metabólica usando SUVmax, dibujando regiones de interés en el sitio de la trombosis y en el tumor (si existía). Resultados. La prevalencia de TT fue 0.12%. Quince pacientes tenían diversos tumores malignos incluyendo riñón (1), hígado (4), páncreas (2), estómago (1), colon (1), linfoma no Hodgkin (1), leiomiosarcoma (1), endometrio (1), ovario (1), melanoma maligno (1) y parótida (1). Se identificaron 19 vasos con TT en 15 pacientes. Tres pacientes tenían más de un vaso afecto. El vaso más frecuentemente afectado fue la vena cava inferior (n = 7), seguido de porta (n = 5), renal (n = 3), esplénica (n = 1), yugular (n = 1), ilíaca común (n = 1) y venas ovárivas (n = 1). El patrón de captación de FDG fue lineal en 12 y focal en 3 pacientes. El SUVmax medio en el TT y en los tumores primarios fue 8,40 ± 4,56 y 13,77 ± 6,80, respectivamente. Conclusión. Trombosis tumoral oculta en diversos tumores malignos y en diferentes localizaciones se encontró incidentalmente en un 0,12%. Casos interesantes fueron el melanoma maligno y el carcinoma de parótida. La TT en la vena ovárica se describe por primera vez mediante FDG PET/TC. Basado en el patrón lineal captación de FDG y el elevado valor SUVmax, la PET/TC puede detectar con exactitud la TT oculta, ayudar en la evaluación de la respuesta al tratamiento, contribuir en la correcta estadificación del tumor y también puede proporcionar información adicional sobre la supervivencia en pacientes oncológicos (AU)

Incidental diagnosis of tumor thrombosis on FDG PET/CT imaging.

OBJECTIVE: Clinical data are presented on patients with tumor thrombosis (TT) incidentally detected on FDG PET/CT imaging, as well as determining its prevalence and metabolic characteristics. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Out of 12,500 consecutive PET/CT examinations of patients with malignancy, the PET/CT images of 15 patients with TT as an incidental finding were retrospectively investigated. A visual and semiquantitative analyses was performed on the PET/CT scans. An evaluation was made of the pattern of FDG uptake in the involved vessel as linear or focal via visual analyses. For the semiquantitative analyses, the metabolic activity was measured using SUVmax by drawing the region of interest at the site of the thrombosis and tumor (if any). RESULTS: The prevalence of occult TT was 0.12%. A total of 15 patients had various malignancies including renal (1 patient), liver (4), pancreas (2), stomach (1), colon (1), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (1), leiomyosarcoma (1), endometrial (1), ovarian (1), malign melanoma (1) and parotid (1). Nineteen vessels with TT were identified in 15 patients; three patients had more than one vessel. Various vessels were affected; the most common was the inferior vena cava (n=7) followed by the portal (n=5), renal (n=3), splenic (n=1), jugular (n=1), common iliac (n=1) and ovarian vein (n=1). The FDG uptake pattern was linear in 12 and focal in 3 patients. The mean SUVmax values in the TT and primary tumors were 8.40±4.56 and 13.77±6.80, respectively. CONCLUSION: Occult TT from various malignancies and locations was found incidentally in 0.12% of patients. Interesting cases with malign melanoma and parotid carcinoma and with TT in ovarian vein were first described by FDG PET/CT. Based on the linear FDG uptake pattern and high SUVmax value, PET/CT may accurately detect occult TT, help with the assessment of treatment response, contribute to correct tumor staging, and provide additional information on the survival rates of oncology patients.

FDG PET/CT imaging in prostate adenocarcinoma presenting as isolated brain metastases of unknown origin / Imagen FDG PET/TAC de adenocarcinoma de próstata presentada como metástasis cerebral aislada de origen desconocido

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A case of brain and leptomeningeal metastases from urothelial carcinoma of the bladder / Un caso de metástasis cerebrales y leptomeníngeas de un carcinoma urotelial de vejiga

Brain metastases are unusual from urethelial carcinoma of bladder and particularly the occurrence of leptomeningeal metastases is extremely rare, with few cases described in the literature. We present a case of a 45-year-old man with a rare brain metastases as the first metastatic manifestation secondary to urethelial carcinoma of bladder followed by leptomeningeal metastases without any other organ involvement. Eleven months after the diagnosis of high-grade urethelial carcinoma of bladder (T2N0M0), the patient was detected having brain metastases by MRI. FDG PET/CT images for the metastatic evaluation showed no abnormal FDG uptake elsewhere in the body except the brain. Histopathology examination from brain lesion demonstrated the cerebral lesion to be a metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Two months later, the patient was diagnosed to have leptomeningeal metastases by MRI. Our patient's condition gradually worsened, and he died 3 months after the diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastases (AU)

Las metástasis cerebrales del carcinoma urotelial de vejiga son poco habituales y, en particular, las metástasis leptomeníngeas son extremadamente raras, siendo pocos los casos descritos en la literatura. Presentamos un hombre de 45 años con metástasis cerebral como primera manifestación secundaria de un carcinoma urotelial de vejiga seguido de metástasis leptomeníngeas sin otra afectación sistémica. Once meses después del diagnóstico de un carcinoma urotelial de vejiga (T2N0M0), se detectaron metástasis cerebrales por RM. El estudio de estadificación con FDG PET/TC no demostró captación anormal en otra parte del cuerpo a excepción del cerebro. El examen histopatológico de una lesión cerebral demostró metástasis del carcinoma urotelial. Dos meses después, una RM descubrió metástasis leptomeníngeas. La situación clínica del paciente se deterioró gradualmente, y falleció 3 meses después del diagnóstico de las metástasis leptomeníngeas (AU)

Post-traumatic psoas abscess diagnosed by 18F FDG PET/CT / Abceso post-traumático del psoas diagnosticado por 18F-FDG PET/TC

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Lack of cerebrospinal fluid circulation due to post puncture epidural hemorrhage: An interesting case of radionuclide cisternography / Falta de circulación de líquido cefalorraquídeo secundaria a hemorragia epidural postpunción: un caso interesante de cisternografía isotópica

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A case of brain and leptomeningeal metastases from urothelial carcinoma of the bladder.

Brain metastases are unusual from urethelial carcinoma of bladder and particularly the occurrence of leptomeningeal metastases is extremely rare, with few cases described in the literature. We present a case of a 45-year-old man with a rare brain metastases as the first metastatic manifestation secondary to urethelial carcinoma of bladder followed by leptomeningeal metastases without any other organ involvement. Eleven months after the diagnosis of high-grade urethelial carcinoma of bladder (T2N0M0), the patient was detected having brain metastases by MRI. FDG PET/CT images for the metastatic evaluation showed no abnormal FDG uptake elsewhere in the body except the brain. Histopathology examination from brain lesion demonstrated the cerebral lesion to be a metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Two months later, the patient was diagnosed to have leptomeningeal metastases by MRI. Our patient's condition gradually worsened, and he died 3 months after the diagnosis of leptomeningeal metastases.

Colon adenocarcinoma and solitary tibia metastasis: rare entity.

INTRODUCTION: Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Mostly, death occurs with complications of distant metastases. DISCUSSION: Effective systemic chemotherapy regimen and resultant improved survival for patients are associated with an increased incidence of metastases at uncommon sites. Therefore, incidences of osseous metastases are rising at the last decade. Osseous metastases are mostly diffuse, along with visceral metastases. CONCLUSION: Most common osseous metastatic sites are lumbal, sacral vertebrae, and pelvis region, probably because of colonic anatomical proximity to the paravertebral venous plexus. Herein, we report an uncommon case of isolated solitary tibia metastasis in the colorectal cancer patient and management of disease course.

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura with Reversible Neurological Features: Brain Diffusion MRI with ADC Map, Spect and EEG Findings. A Case Report.

Although nervous system involvement is common in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), abnormalities on computerized tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and electroencephalography are not encountered so frequently and if present, these abnormalities are often reversible. We describe a 39-year-old woman with recurring transient focal neurological findings found to have laboratory findings consistent with TTP. In cerebral diffusion weighted images (DWI), diffuse cortical hyperintensity was noted in right frontal lobe, but the ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient) map was normal. Electroencephalography demonstrated lateralized slowing and repeated DWI showed diffuse cortical hyperintensity in the right hemisphere. SPECT showed luxury perfusion in the right hemisphere areas. The patient's condition resolved with plasmapheresis. Our patient illustrates that diffuse hemispheric involvement can be seen in DWI and EEG, and SPECT may show luxury perfusion after resolution of neurological findings in TTP cases. To our knowledge, this is the first TTP case in which the ADC map was normal.