ABSTRACT
An increase in neoplasms in Mexican children has been reported. In 1991, the incidence in children from Mexico City (MC) was 70 (x 10(6) child/year), although this rate might be underestimated. The aim of the present study was to estimate the incidence of malignant neoplasms in children resident in MC attending Social Security (SS) hospitals. This study was a retrospective hospital survey. All records of childhood malignant neoplasms diagnosed between 1992 and 1993 in the two SS hospitals which attend childhood neoplasms in MC were reviewed. Histopathological diagnoses were reevaluated and incidence rates (x 10(6) child/ year) in terms of age, sex, and place of residence were estimated. A total of 667 cases were found for the period of study, of which 199 corresponded to residents of MC. The neoplasms with highest prevalence were leukemias (39.2%), lymphomas (17.6%), and central nervous system tumors (12.6%). A general incidence of 94.3 was found, which was highest in children under 5 years of age. Leukemias had an incidence of 36.4, lymphomas of 15.2, and central nervous system tumors of 12.0. Prevalence was higher in boys (male/female ratio of 1.6). As for the place of residence, the highest incidence corresponded to children living in the southern areas of MC. Eighty percent of the leukemias were acute lymphoblastic, while 54% of solid neoplasms were classified as stages III and IV. In conclusion, the incidence of malignant neoplasms in children resident in MC treated at SS hospitals is consistent with that found worldwide, and also with the Latin American pattern.
Subject(s)
Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adolescent , Age Factors , Central Nervous System Neoplasms/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hospitals, Pediatric , Hospitals, Special , Humans , Incidence , Infant , Latin America/epidemiology , Leukemia/epidemiology , Lymphoma/epidemiology , Male , Medical Oncology , Mexico/epidemiology , Neoplasm Staging , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma/epidemiology , Prevalence , Residence Characteristics , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors , Social SecurityABSTRACT
We present a case of acute lethal poisoning by oil of "epazote" (oil of chenopodium), in a 2 y 9 m female. The volatile oil was administered according to the advice of a "curandera" (female healer), in a total quantity of 40 ml. Clinical features of the poisoning were: vomiting, deep coma, seizures, mydriasis, apnea, metabolic acidosis, neurogenic shock and death. The EEG suggested a diffuse encephalopathy, the CT scan with an image of severe brain edema and ventricular collapse. Relevant postmortem findings were brain edema and neuronal necrosis, pneumonia, enteritis, pericholangitis, mild pancreatitis and tubular necrosis. The phytochemical analysis of volatile oil identified ascaridol, the main active compound of the chenopodium herbs, in a quantity of 39 mg/ml (1,560 mg in the dose administered), and Chenopodium graveolens as the plant employed to prepare it. According to the age of the patient, 60 mg of ascaridol would be the recommended dose formerly used in the treatment of parasitic disease. Thus 1,560 mg was 26 times higher than the recommended dose, and exceeded by 56% the dose of 1,000 mg reported as lethal in humans.
Subject(s)
Plant Oils/poisoning , Terpenes/poisoning , Child, Preschool , Fatal Outcome , Female , HumansSubject(s)
Celiac Disease/pathology , Body Height , Body Weight , Celiac Disease/physiopathology , Child Development , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , MaleSubject(s)
Hodgkin Disease/pathology , Adolescent , Child , Child, Preschool , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Hodgkin Disease/classification , Hodgkin Disease/therapy , Humans , Male , PrognosisSubject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Humans , Bile Ducts , Congenital Abnormalities , Cholestasis, Extrahepatic , Jaundice, NeonatalSubject(s)
Hamartoma/pathology , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Angiography , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Hamartoma/diagnosis , Hamartoma/surgery , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases , Liver/growth & development , Liver Neoplasms/diagnosis , Liver Neoplasms/surgery , Male , UltrasonographyABSTRACT
Se informan las caracteristicas clinopatologicas de cinco pacientes con hamartoma mesenquimatoso hepatico, estudiados en los Servicios de Cirugia y Patologia del Hospital de Pediatria del Centro Medico Nacional del IMSS. Esta entidad se presento generalmente en los dos primeros anos de la vida y clinicamente se manifesto por crecimiento del hemiabdomen superior. Los estudios radiograficos fundamentales para establecer el diagnostico fueron la arteriografia y ecosonografia. El tratamiento fue quirurgico con buena evolucion. Hasta 1980 se han comunicado 30 casos en la literatura mundial/
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Humans , Male , Female , Hamartoma , Liver , MesenchymomaABSTRACT
La intoxicacion por el raticida endrin en 33 pacientes pediatricos se caracterizo por crisis convulsivas de inicio brusco, sin aura o fenomenos sensoriales, que evolucionaron rapidamente al estado epileptico. El laboratorio no aporto datos de interes y el electroencefalograma en 15 pacientes informo activacion centroencefalica paroxistica importante sin asimetrias ni focalizaciones. En dos ninos que murieron la autopsia mostro edema y congestion cerebral con degeneracion neuronal extensa La exposicion al endrin esta propiciada por su venta libre y uso sin control en el hogar lo que definitivamente debe prohibirse dada su peligrosidad y por no existir tratamiento especifico para la intoxicacion
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Poisoning , EndrinABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso clinico de un paciente con enfermedad de Niemann-Pick, en el cual el diagnostico se baso en estudios clinicos, histopatologicos de microscopia de luz y electronica, y se clasifico como un probable subtipo B o F. Se hace una revision de los otros subtipos que se han encontrado en esta enfermedad
Subject(s)
Child, Preschool , Humans , Male , Niemann-Pick DiseasesABSTRACT
A case of non-coronary myocardial infarct in the newborn period is reported. There are only 25 cases in the world literature. A review is made of the the etiology, pathogenesis and of the news methods used for diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Infant, Newborn, Diseases/pathology , Myocardial Infarction/pathology , Electrocardiography , Hemodynamics , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosisABSTRACT
The clininopathologic characteristics of 5 patients with adrenal cortical carcinoma attended at the Hospital de Pediatría of the Centro Médico Nacional of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social through a period of 15 years are studied. It is an uncommon antity and it usually made evident in children as an adrenogenital syndrome or as Cushing's syndrome. Determination of the 17--ketosteroids and in a lesser degree of the 17--hydroxysteroids, is usually high, regardless of the clinical syndrome in question. The differential diagnosis between mild and malignant neoplasia of the adrenal glands considers the same criteria of capsular and vascular invasion and metastases mentioned for other endocrine organs. However, there are studies which tend to establish a relationship between weight of the tumors with survivorship. The prognosis depends on an early diagnosis, adequate surgical treatment and the use of substitutive steroids during the pre and postoperative stages. The general mortality at 5 years is 90%.
Subject(s)
Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/ultrastructure , Adolescent , Adrenal Gland Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Child , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , RadiographyABSTRACT
Endrin is a cycladine organic chloride insecticide responsible for fatal poisoning due to food contamination, suicide or occupational cause. The case of an 18 months old infant who ingested Endrin that was being used at home by his parents as raticide is reported. There appeared sudden convulsive crises, coma and death within 24 hours. The pathological findings were unspecific. Experimental studies and clinical observations of other authors that are coincidental with the symptoms shown by this child are discussed. The possible etiopathogenesis of this poisoining, together with the necessity to control this type of toxics, for which there is no antidotal treatment, are also discussed.
Subject(s)
Endrin/poisoning , Poisoning/mortality , Accidents, Home , Brain Edema/mortality , Brain Edema/pathology , Humans , Infant , Lung/pathology , Male , Poisoning/pathology , Pulmonary Edema/mortality , Pulmonary Edema/pathologyABSTRACT
The most frequent causes of hypoglycemia in the newborn are reviewed and the pertinent diagnosis procedures in order to establish its etiology are discussed apropose of a case of nesidioblastosis. Physiological considerations are made around the pancreatic insulin response to two stimuli: I.V. glucose and glucagon, used in the present case. The indication of subtotal pancreatectomy in the cases of severe hypoglycemia is re-examined.
Subject(s)
Adenoma, Islet Cell/surgery , Hypoglycemia/etiology , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/surgery , Pancreatectomy/methods , Acute Disease , Adenoma, Islet Cell/complications , Adenoma, Islet Cell/diagnosis , Blood Glucose/analysis , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Glucagon , Glucose Tolerance Test , Humans , Hypoglycemia/diagnosis , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosisABSTRACT
A patient with congenital syphilis and nephrotic syndrome is reported. The renal biopsy with light microscope showed glomerulopathy with epithelial proliferation. Irregular, nodular, electrodense material was identified with the electron microscope in subepithelial spaces and immunofluorescence showed irregular granular positivity for IgG, IgM and fibrin, which confirmed a disease due to immune complexes. Pencillin and physical rehabilitation were sufficient therapy for the recovery of this patient.
Subject(s)
Nephrotic Syndrome/complications , Syphilis, Congenital/complications , Biopsy , Diagnosis, Differential , Gentamicins/therapeutic use , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Kidney/pathology , Male , Nephrotic Syndrome/drug therapy , Penicillins/therapeutic use , Syphilis, Congenital/drug therapyABSTRACT
A study is made of the environmental, etiologic, pathogenic, clinical and anatomical characteristics of the bacterial or parasitic enteral processes which most frequently cause death to the patients. Considerations on the pathogenesis of the complications found at the postmortem studies in children with diarrhea are likewise offered.
Subject(s)
Enteritis/complications , Diagnosis, Differential , Enteritis/etiology , Enteritis/microbiology , Humans , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/pathology , Intestinal Mucosa/microbiology , Intestinal Mucosa/pathologyABSTRACT
A clinical and statistical review of Reye's syndrome is made, reporting the case of a female seven months old infant with disturbances of the digestive tract associated to hepatomegaly, convulsive crises, maculopapular exanthema, extreme hypoglycemia, hyperammoniemia and high blood urea. The post-mortem study showed fine drop diffuse liver steatosis, renal tubuli steatosis, focal steatosis of myocardial fibers, generalized meningoencephalic edema and viral pneumonia. These clinico-pathologic characteristics lead to the diagnosis of Reye's syndrome, an infrequent entity in our milieu judged by national literature.
