Enhanced Visible-Light-Induced Photocatalytic Activity in M(III)Salophen-Decorated TiO2 Nanoparticles for Heterogeneous Degradation of Organic Dyes.

In this work, the construction of two heterojunction photocatalysts by coordinative anchoring of M(salophen)Cl complexes (M = Fe(III) and Mn(III)) to rutile TiO2 through a silica-aminopyridine linker (SAPy) promotes the visible-light-assisted photodegradation of organic dyes. The degradation efficiency of both cationic rhodamine B (RhB) and anionic methyl orange (MO) dyes by Fe- and Mn-TiO2-based catalysts in the presence of H2O2 under sunlight and low-wattage visible bulbs (12-18 W) is investigated. Anionic MO is more degradable than cationic RhB, and the Mn catalyst shows more activity than its Fe counterpart. Action spectra demonstrate the maximum apparent quantum efficiency (AQY) at 400-450 nm, confirming the visible-light-driven photocatalytic reaction. The enhanced photocatalytic activity might be attributed to the improved charge transfer in the heterojunction photocatalysts evidenced by photoluminescence (PL) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analyses. A radical pathway for the photodegradation of dyes is postulated based on scavenging experiments and spectral data. This work provides new opportunities for constructing highly efficient catalysts for wastewater treatment.

Fresh or Frozen Embryo Transfer in The Antagonist In Vitro Fertilization Cycles: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant), widely adopted protocol, is more in line with the physiological processes, and induces a shorter and more cost-effective ovarian stimulation. In order to assess the success rate of embryo transferring (ET) in the antagonist in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, we compared the fresh ET with the frozen ET outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective cohort study, one hundred five cases of ET of the infertility clinic of the Besat hospital (Kurdistan, Iran) between March 2014 to March 2020 that were treated with antagonist cycle (both fresh and frozen) were analyzed. The difference between the two groups in baseline data and reproductive outcomes were evaluated using Independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-squared test, and Fisher's exact test in SPSS software (version 22). RESULTS: Out of 105 cases, 48 and 57 were in the fresh and frozen ET groups, respectively. The participants age was 35.75 ± 4.9 Y. In the fresh ET group, and 33.98 ± 5.1 Y in the frozen ET group. The percentage of chemical pregnancy was 12 (25%) in the fresh ET group and 15 (26.3%) in the frozen ET group (P=0.8); Clinical pregnancy rate was 11 (22.9%) in the fresh ET group and 11 (19.3%) in the frozen ET group (P=0.6); the rate of abortion in the fresh ET group was 3 (6.3%, P=0.2), and in the frozen ET group was 8 (14%, P=0.2); and the live birth rate was 9 (18.8%) in the fresh ET group, in comparison with 7 (12.3%) in the frozen ET group (P=0.3). CONCLUSION: Not statistically significant, the percentage of chemical pregnancy and abortion were higher in the frozen ET group. The percentage of clinical pregnancy and live birth were higher in the fresh ET group.

The Effect of L-Carnitine and Coenzyme Q10 on the Sperm Motility, DNA Fragmentation, Chromatin Structure and Oxygen Free Radicals During, before and after Freezing in Oligospermia Men.

PURPOSE: The aim of the present study is to assess the effect of L-carnitine and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on human sperm motility, DNA fragmentation, chromatin structure, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) during, before and after freezing in oligospermia men. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Semen was collected from 30 oligospermic men, who referred to infertility clinic of Beasat Hospital in Sanandaj, Iran. The samples of each individual were divided into 8 equal parts: 1. control group before freezing; 2. incubated with L-carnitine; 3. incubated with coenzyme Q10; 4. incubated with the combination of L-carnitine + CoQ10; 5. control freezing group; 6. the experimental freezing group with L-carnitine; 7. the experimental freezing group with coenzyme Q10 and 8. the experimental freezing with the combination of L-c + CoQ10. Sperm motility was assessed by WET MOUNT method. DNA fragmentation was evaluated by SCD (Sperm Chromatin Desperation), ROS, was evaluated by quantitative fluorescence reaction, and chromatin deficiency was determined by chromatin staining (CMA3). RESULTS: Antioxidant treatments, significantly reduced the number of ROS + in the pre and post freezing groups. Significant improvement was seen in the sperm motility of class B in the pre freezing groups with L-carnitine. Antioxidants also reduced the percentage of DNA fragmentation and protamine deficiency in pre-and post-freezing. CONCLUSION: Addition of Coq10 and L-carnitine to human sperm medium significantly reduced the number of ROS. This reduction in ROS reduced sperm damage during cryopreservation.

The effect of counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy on mental health and quality of life among infertile couples: A randomized controlled trial.

INTRODUCTION: Infertility by creating a disturbing and debilitating condition is considered as an important individual, public, and social health problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on mental health and quality of life in infertile couples. METHODS: In this randomized controlled trial, 54 infertile couples referring to the Sanandaj-Iran Infertility Clinic were assigned into two groups of counseling and control by random blocking with a 1:1 ratio. The consulting group received 8 weekly 90-min sessions of group counseling based on ACT. The General Health Questionnaire-28 (GHQ-28) and Fertility Quality of Life were completed before and 1 month after the completion of the intervention. Primary outcome measures were mean score of mental health and quality of fertility life. Independent t-test, ANCOVA, and Mann-Whitney U-test were used to analyze data. RESULTS: There was no significant intergroup difference in demographic information (P > 0.05). One month after the end of the intervention, the mean overall mental health score in the couples of the counseling group was significantly less than the control group (adjusted mean difference [aMD]: -8.4; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -10.4--6.4; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the mean overall score of quality of life in the counseling group couples was significantly more than the control group (aMD: 14.8; 95% CI: 11.8-17.9; P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Based on the effectiveness of counseling based on ACT on mental health and quality of life in infertile couples, it can be used in the infertility clinics. Health-care providers and counselors should train in the ACT courses to improve the mental health and quality of life of infertile couples.

Screening strategies for the detection of anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions in women living with HIV.

OBJECTIVE: HIV-infected women (WLHIV) have more than 10-fold higher risk for squamous cell cancer of the anus. Experts suggest cytology-based strategies developed for cervical cancer screening may prevent anal cancer by detecting anal cytologic or histological high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (hHSIL) for treatment. Currently, there is no consensus on anal-hHSIL screening strategies for WLHIV. DESIGN: Between 2014 and 2016, 276 WLHIV were recruited at 12 US AIDS Malignancy Consortium clinical trials sites to evaluate hHSIL prevalence and (test) screening strategies. METHODS: Participants completed detailed questionnaire, underwent anal assessments including high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) testing using hrHPV-Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) and hrHPV-APTIMA, anal cytology, and concurrent high-resolution anoscopy. Screening test characteristics for predicting hHSIL validated by central review of histologic diagnosis were estimated sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and false-omission rate. Paired analyses compared sensitivity and specificity for hrHPV single tests to anal cytology alone. RESULTS: 83% (229/276) of enrolled WLHIV had complete anal assessment data and were included in this analysis. Mean age was 50, 62% black and 60 (26%) had hHSIL. Anal cyotology (>atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance), hrHPV-HC2, and hrHPV-APTIMA sensitivity estimates were similarly high (83, 77, and 75%, respectively, P values > 0.2). Specificity was higher for both hrHPV-APTIMA and hrHPV-HC2 compared with anal cytology (67 vs. 50%, P < 0.001) and (61 vs. 50%, P = 0.020), respectively. CONCLUSION: Anal hrHPV testing demonstrated similar sensitivity for anal cytology (>atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance) to predict anal hHSIL. Among tests with similar sensitivity, the specificity was significantly higher for hrHPV-APTIMA and hrHPV-HC2. Thus, anal hrHPV testing may be an important alternative strategy to anal cytology for anal hHSIL screening among WLHIV.

α:Non-α and Gγ:Aγ globin chain ratios in thalassemia intermedia patients treated with hydroxyurea

Objectives: To elucidate the possible ways by which hydroxyurea molecules affect globin chain (αor β-like) synthesis.Methods:5 and 26 years were treated for five months with 15 mg/(kg·day) of hydroxyurea. Hemoglobins electrophoresis and globin chain electrophoresis was performed on each sample at different time points before and during the treatment. A total of 23 thalassemia intermedia patients (13 male and 10 female) aged between Results: Fetal hemoglobin increased significantly in most patients and average episodes of transfusion decreased. Both Gγ and Aγ-globin chains increased significantly andα-globin:Nonα-globin chain as well as Gγ-globin:Aγ globin chains ratios decreased. Conclusions: Improvement in α:non-α ratio and consequent decrease of free α-globin chain might be the cause of beneficial effects of hydroxyurea therapy. Two patients who felt better didn’t show significant increase in their fetal hemoglobin level, and this is in contradiction with the hypothesis claiming that the HbF level increase is the cause of such therapeutic effect. In spite of the unclear mechanism of action of this drug, hydroxyurea therapy had noticeable impacts on thalassemia intermedia and also sickle cell disease and even patients suffering from thalassemia major.

Meiotic behaviour of tetraploid wheats (Triticum turgidum L.) and their synthetic hexaploid wheat derivates influenced by meiotic restitution and heat stress.

Meiotic restitution is considered to be a common mechanism of polyploidization in plants and hence is one of the most important processes in plant speciation. Meiotic behaviour of plant chromosomes is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. In this study, the meiotic behaviour of cereal crops was investigated, which includes tetraploid wheat genotypes (with and without the meiotic restitution trait) and their derivates (synthetic hexaploid wheats and a doubled haploid (DH) line), grown at two planting dates in the field. In addition, two local landraces of emmer wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. dicoccum), one wheat cultivar (Chinese spring), one DH triticale cultivar (Eleanor) and one rye accession were included. Immature spikes of mid-autumn and end-winter sowing plants were collected in April and May 2008, respectively, fixed in Carnoy's solution and stained with hematoxylin. Pollen mother cells (PMCs) from anthers at different stages of meiotic process were analysed for their chromosomal behaviour and irregularities. Meiotic aberrations such as laggards, chromosome bridges, micronuclei, abnormal cytokines, chromatin pulling and meiotic restitution were observed and the studied genotypes were accordingly ranked as follows: triticale > synthetic hexaploid wheats > tetraploid wheats possessing meiotic restitution > tetraploid wheats lacking meiotic restitution > rye. The results indicated that the samples that had been planted in the autumn, thus experiencing an optimum temperature level at the flowering stage, exhibited less meiotic irregularities than winter planting samples that encountered heat stress at the flowering period.