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1.
Ribeirão Preto; s.n; 2022. 86 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1524235

ABSTRACT

Este estudo transversal, quantitativo, que analisou a hospitalização de crianças menores de cinco anos de idade e o uso de serviços da atenção primária em município paulista. Entre julho de 2020 e julho de 2021, entrevistou-se 184 cuidadores/responsáveis de crianças hospitalizadas em dois hospitais públicos de Ribeirão Preto, SP. Aplicou-se questionário (dados sócio-demográficos da família e clínicos da criança) e Instrumento de Avaliação da Atenção Primária - Brasil, versão criança, com transferência, dos dados coletados, para a plataforma digital RedCap®. Para analisar o uso dos serviços de saúde, utilizou-se o programa IBM® SPSS® Statistics, versão 25; considerou-se nível de significância α=0,05. Na análise inferencial, construiu-se tabelas de contingências das variáveis exploratórias em relação à três desfechos: Internação por Condição Sensível à Atenção Primária (ICSAP); acometimento respiratório; ocorrência dos atributos essenciais da atenção primária à saúde (APS). O Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Escola de Enfermagem de Ribeirão Preto-USP aprovou a pesquisa. No período, identificou-se 184 hospitalizações, 102 (55,4%) eram por condições não sensíveis à APS; 82 (44,6%) eram ICSAP. Das ICSAP, houve maior frequência para doenças do aparelho respiratório (52; 28,3%). Mais de 80% das famílias estão acima da linha da pobreza; contudo, cerca de dois terços recebem benefício social. Quase metade das crianças internadas com menos de um ano de vida; mais de 80% nasceram a termo, com peso adequado e sugaram seio materno. Pouco mais de um terço das crianças possui condição crônica de saúde e tem hospitalização anterior; menos de 10% delas é dependente de tecnologia em saúde; quase um terço faz uso contínuo de medicamentos. Mais de três quartos das crianças do estudo têm calendário vacinal atualizado. Verificou-se associação entre o Escore Essencial da APS e a etnia e a criança fazer uso de alguma tecnologia para o cuidado em saúde. O desfecho ICSAP teve associação com renda familiar, moradia e a Integralidade (Serviços Disponíveis e Serviços Prestados). Houve associação entre o desfecho ICSAP por doença respiratória e a renda familiar e a mãe residir com o companheiro. Os aspectos sociodemográficos se reafirmaram como relevantes quando se tornam vulnerabilidades para que a criança tenha desfechos desfavoráveis em sua saúde. Assim, considerá-los nas consultas e nas visitas domiciliares pode potencializar planos de cuidados individualizados, e promover resultados favoráveis. O estudo contribui ao destacar fatores que demonstraram concorrer para o desfecho ICSAP. Variáveis sociodemográficas, condições clínicas da criança e experiências positivas de atributos na APS são elementos que podem ser incorporados na abordagem cotidiana dos profissionais que atendem a população infantil na atenção primária


This cross-sectional, quantitative study analyzed the hospitalization of children under five years of age and the use of primary care services in a city in São Paulo. Between July 2020 and July 2021, 184 caregivers/guardians of children hospitalized in two public hospitals in Ribeirão Preto, SP, were interviewed. We applied a questionnaire (socio-demographic family and clinical data of the child) and the Primary Care Assessment Tool - Brazil, child version; all data were transferred to the RedCap® digital platform. In order to analyze the use of health services, the IBM® SPSS® Statistics program, version 25, was used; considering a significance level of α=0.05. In the inferential analysis, contingency tables of exploratory variables were built in relation to three outcomes: Hospitalization for Ambulatory Care Sensitive Condition (ACSC); respiratory impairment; occurrence of essential attributes of Primary Health Care (PHC). The Research Ethics Committee of the College of Nursing at Ribeirão Preto - University of São Paulo approved the research. During the period, 184 hospitalizations were identified, 102 (55.4%) were for conditions not sensitive to PHC; 82 (44.6%) were ACSC. Among the ACSC, there was a higher frequency for respiratory system diseases (52; 28.3%). More than 80% of families are above the poverty line; however, about two-thirds receive social benefits. Almost half of hospitalized children are under one year of age; more than 80% were born at term, with adequate weight and were breastfeeding. Just over a third of children have a chronic health condition and have been previously hospitalized; less than 10% of them are dependent on health technology; almost a third make continuous use of medication. More than three quarters of the children in the study have an up-to-date vaccination schedule. There was an association between the PHC Essential Score and ethnicity and the child using some technology for healthcare. The ACSC outcome was associated with family income, housing and Integrality attribute (Available Services and Services Provided). There was an association between the ACSC outcome for respiratory disease and family income and the mother living with her partner. The sociodemographic aspects were reaffirmed as relevant when they become vulnerabilities for the child to have unfavorable health outcomes. Thus, considering them in consultations and home visits can enhance individualized care plans and promote favorable results. The study contributes by highlighting factors that have been shown to contribute to the ACSC outcome. Sociodemographic variables, clinical conditions of the child and positive experiences of attributes in PHC are elements that can be incorporated into the daily approach of professionals who serve the child population in primary care


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Primary Health Care , Child, Hospitalized , Process Assessment, Health Care
2.
Cogit. Enferm. (Online) ; 24: e61496, 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-1055960

ABSTRACT

RESUMO OBJETIVO: analisar fatores associados ao preenchimento da caderneta de saúde da criança para fomentar a coordenação do cuidado e acesso à saúde. MÉTODO: estudo quantitativo, realizado entre janeiro e junho de 2016, em município paulista. Entrevistadas 284 mães e observadas as cadernetas de seus filhos; considerados significativos resultados com p< 0,05. RESULTADOS: identificou-se baixo preenchimento para pré-natal (5%), dados do recém-nascido (40%), exames de triagem neonatal (10%) e alta hospitalar (6%). Escolaridade materna (p=0,006) foi fator associado ao correto preenchimento de dados do recém-nascido. CONCLUSÃO: a caderneta não tem sido fonte de dados para seguimento da atenção ao recém-nascido no município investigado. Favorecer continuidade da atenção após o nascimento e a execução de registros adequados potencializa a coordenação do cuidado. O preenchimento desse instrumento, incorporado às práticas dos serviços e dos profissionais de saúde em todos os pontos da rede de atenção à criança, traz contribuições ao acesso à saúde.


RESUMEN OBJETIVO: analizar factores asociados al hecho de completar el cuaderno de salud infantil para fomentar la coordinación del cuidado y el acceso a la salud. MÉTODO: estudio cuantitativo que se realizó entre enero y junio de 2016, en municipio de São Paulo. Se entrevistaron 284 madres y se observaron los cuadernos de sus hijos; considerándose significativos resultados con p< 0,05. RESULTADOS: se identificó bajo índice de relleno para prenatal (5%), datos del recién nacido (40%), exámenes de selección neonatal (10%) y alta hospitalaria (6%). Escolaridad materna (p=0,006) fue factor asociado al hecho de completar correctamente los datos del recién nacido. CONCLUSIÓN: el cuaderno no viene siendo fuente de datos para la atención al recién nacido en el municipio investigado. Favorecer la continuidad de la atención tras el nacimiento y la realización de registros adecuados potencializa la coordinación del cuidado. Completar el cuaderno de salud infantil, además de las prácticas de los servicios y de los profesionales de salud en todos los puntos de la red de atención al niño trae contribuciones importantes al acceso a la salud.


ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: analyze factors associated with filling in child health booklets to promote care coordination and access to health care. METHOD: quantitative study conducted between January and June 2016, in a city in the state of São Paulo. A total of 284 mothers were interviewed and the booklets of their children were examined; results with p< 0.05 were considered significant. RESULTS: low completion was identified for prenatal (5%), newborn data (40%), newborn screening (10%) and discharge (6%). Maternal education (p=0.006) was a factor associated with proper filling in of newborn data. Conclusion: the booklets were not a source of data for continued newborn care in the city investigated. Care coordination is strengthened by continued post-birth care and keeping adequate records. Filling in this instrument, incorporated into the practices of health services and professionals at every point in the childcare network enhances healthcare access.


Subject(s)
Female , Health Evaluation , Child Health , Health Records, Personal , Health Promotion , Continuity of Patient Care
3.
Texto & contexto enferm ; 27(1): e0930016, 2018.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BDENF - Nursing | ID: biblio-904418

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: compreender como se configura a assistência de enfermagem a crianças menores de cinco anos em Unidades de Saúde da Família, com foco na integralidade do cuidado. Método: pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevista semiestruturada com 26 enfermeiras, em um município paulista, entre junho de 2013 e janeiro de 2014, e submetidos a análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: construídas duas categorias. Na primeira, "A prática do cuidado da criança: contribuições da enfermagem", algumas ações foram elencadas para alcance do cuidado integral, e valorizou-se a compreensão da criança como sujeito singular no contexto familiar e comunitário. A categoria "Redes de apoio: tecendo ações e articulações para o acesso e a integralidade do cuidado da criança" revelou a consulta de enfermagem como instrumento de valor às enfermeiras, para as quais a disponibilidade de outros setores e serviços de saúde para atender a criança em suas necessidades viabiliza um cuidado integral. Ressaltou-se ainda a importância do acesso a ações que buscam melhorar a qualidade de vida das crianças e reduzir potenciais riscos para seu crescimento e desenvolvimento. Conclusão: como contribuição, tem-se que as ações das enfermeiras sinalizam caminhos para a integralidade do cuidado, corroborando políticas públicas atuais. Faz-se premente que tais ações sejam valorizadas e transmitidas a cenários de cuidado que ainda carecem de assistir a criança e sua família integralmente e, assim, cumprir compromissos apontados nas agendas destinadas a esta clientela.


RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender cómo se configura la asistencia de la enfermería para niños menores de cinco años en Unidades de Salud de la Familia y enfocando en la integralidad del cuidado. Método: investigación de abordaje cualitativa. Los datos fueron obtenidos mediante entrevista semiestructurada con 26 enfermeras, en un municipio paulista, entre Junio del 2013 y Enero del 2014, y fueron sometidos a un análisis de contenido en la modalidad temática. Resultados: fueron construidas dos categorías. En la primera, "La práctica del cuidado del niño: contribuciones de la enfermería", algunas acciones fueron incluidas para el alcance del cuidado integral y se valorizó la comprensión del niño como sujeto singular en el contexto familiar y comunitario. La categoría "Redes de apoyo: tejiendo acciones y articulaciones para el acceso y la integralidad del cuidado del niño" reveló la consulta de enfermería como instrumento de valor para las enfermeras que disponiendo de otros sectores y servicios de salud para atender al niño y sus necesidades viabilizan un cuidado integral. Además, se destacó la importancia del acceso a las acciones que buscan mejorar la calidad de vida de los niños y reducir potenciales riesgos para su crecimiento y desarrollo. Conclusión: como contribución, las acciones de las enfermeras señalan caminos para la integralidad del cuidado y corroborando las políticas públicas actuales. Es necesario que tales acciones sean valorizadas y transmitidas a los escenarios del cuidado que todavía carecen de asistencia para el niño y su familia integralmente y, así, cumplir con los compromisos establecidos en las agendas destinadas a esta clientela.


ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the configurations of nursing care for children under five in Family Health Units, focusing on comprehensive health care. Method: qualitative research. Data were collected through a semistructured interview with 26 nurses, in a city in the State of São Paulo, between June 2013 and January 2014, and submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: two categories were elaborated. In the first, "The practice of child care: contributions of nursing", some actions were listed for comprehensive care, and the child's understanding was valued as a singular subject in the family and community context. The category "Support networks: weaving actions and articulations for access and comprehensiveness of child care" revealed the nursing consultation as a valuable instrument for nurses, for whom the availability of other sectors and health services to care for the children in their needs makes comprehensive care possible. The importance of access to actions that seek to improve children's quality of life and reduce potential risks to their growth and development was also stressed. Conclusion: as a contribution, the actions of nurses indicate ways for the comprehensiveness of care, corroborating current public policies. It is imperative that such actions be valued and transmitted to care settings that still lack comprehensive health care for children and their family, thus fulfilling commitments indicated in the agendas for this clientele.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Pediatric Nursing , Primary Health Care , Child Care , Comprehensive Health Care , Integrality in Health
4.
Crit Care ; 17(2): R63, 2013 Apr 04.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23557378

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Contemporary information on mechanical ventilation (MV) use in emerging countries is limited. Moreover, most epidemiological studies on ventilatory support were carried out before significant developments, such as lung protective ventilation or broader application of non-invasive ventilation (NIV). We aimed to evaluate the clinical characteristics, outcomes and risk factors for hospital mortality and failure of NIV in patients requiring ventilatory support in Brazilian intensive care units (ICU). METHODS: In a multicenter, prospective, cohort study, a total of 773 adult patients admitted to 45 ICUs over a two-month period requiring invasive ventilation or NIV for more than 24 hours were evaluated. Causes of ventilatory support, prior chronic health status and physiological data were assessed. Multivariate analysis was used to identifiy variables associated with hospital mortality and NIV failure. RESULTS: Invasive MV and NIV were used as initial ventilatory support in 622 (80%) and 151 (20%) patients. Failure with subsequent intubation occurred in 54% of NIV patients. The main reasons for ventilatory support were pneumonia (27%), neurologic disorders (19%) and non-pulmonary sepsis (12%). ICU and hospital mortality rates were 34% and 42%. Using the Berlin definition, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) was diagnosed in 31% of the patients with a hospital mortality of 52%. In the multivariate analysis, age (odds ratio (OR), 1.03; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01 to 1.03), comorbidities (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.28 to 3.17), associated organ failures (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.20), moderate (OR, 1.92; 95% CI, 1.10 to 3.35) to severe ARDS (OR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.01 to 4.41), cumulative fluid balance over the first 72 h of ICU (OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.39 to 4.28), higher lactate (OR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.50), invasive MV (OR, 2.67; 95% CI, 1.32 to 5.39) and NIV failure (OR, 3.95; 95% CI, 1.74 to 8.99) were independently associated with hospital mortality. The predictors of NIV failure were the severity of associated organ dysfunctions (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.05 to 1.34), ARDS (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.10 to 4.82) and positive fluid balance (OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.02 to 4.30). CONCLUSIONS: Current mortality of ventilated patients in Brazil is elevated. Implementation of judicious fluid therapy and a watchful use and monitoring of NIV patients are potential targets to improve outcomes in this setting. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01268410.


Subject(s)
Hospital Mortality , Intensive Care Units , Respiration, Artificial/mortality , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Cohort Studies , Female , Hospital Mortality/trends , Humans , Intensive Care Units/trends , Male , Middle Aged , Noninvasive Ventilation/mortality , Noninvasive Ventilation/trends , Prospective Studies , Respiration, Artificial/trends , Treatment Outcome
5.
BMC Public Health ; 6: 43, 2006 Feb 23.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16504086

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis (SNPT) accounts for 30% of pulmonary tuberculosis cases reported yearly in Brazil. This study aimed to develop a prediction model for SNPT for outpatients in areas with scarce resources. METHODS: The study enrolled 551 patients with clinical-radiological suspicion of SNPT, in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The original data was divided into two equivalent samples for generation and validation of the prediction models. Symptoms, physical signs and chest X-rays were used for constructing logistic regression and classification and regression tree models. From the logistic regression, we generated a clinical and radiological prediction score. The area under the receiver operator characteristic curve, sensitivity, and specificity were used to evaluate the model's performance in both generation and validation samples. RESULTS: It was possible to generate predictive models for SNPT with sensitivity ranging from 64% to 71% and specificity ranging from 58% to 76%. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that those models might be useful as screening tools for estimating the risk of SNPT, optimizing the utilization of more expensive tests, and avoiding costs of unnecessary anti-tuberculosis treatment. Those models might be cost-effective tools in a health care network with hierarchical distribution of scarce resources.


Subject(s)
Decision Trees , Logistic Models , Predictive Value of Tests , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnostic imaging , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/pathology , Adult , Area Under Curve , Brazil , Bronchoscopy , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diagnostic Errors , Female , Hospitals, University , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , ROC Curve , Radiography , Risk Assessment , Sputum/microbiology
6.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med ; 167(5): 723-5, 2003 Mar 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12598215

ABSTRACT

We prospectively evaluated the diagnostic yield of acid-fast bacilli smear and culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis using sputum induction (SI) in the workup of patients with suspected pleural tuberculosis (TB) who were unable to produce sputum spontaneously. Of the 113 patients studied, a final diagnosis of pleural TB was made in 84 patients (71 HIV seronegative) and a final diagnosis of another disease in 29 patients. Histopathologic examination of the pleural biopsy tissue had the highest diagnostic yield (78%; 66/84). The bacteriologic yield was 62% (52/84) for the pleural tissue, 12% (10/84) for pleural fluid, and 52% (44/84) for sputum cultures obtained by SI. The yield of SI culture for M. tuberculosis was 55% (35/64) in patients with a normal radiograph (except for the pleural effusion) and 45% (9/20) in those with evidence of parenchymal disease suggestive of pulmonary TB (p = 0.6). The yield of sputum cultures obtained by SI is high in patients suspected of having pleural TB even in those cases with no pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities on the chest radiograph.


Subject(s)
Mycobacterium tuberculosis/isolation & purification , Sputum/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Pleural/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Biopsy , Chi-Square Distribution , Data Interpretation, Statistical , Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System , Female , HIV Seronegativity , HIV Seropositivity , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pleura/microbiology , Pleura/pathology , Pleural Effusion/microbiology , Prospective Studies , Radiography, Thoracic , Tuberculosis, Pleural/diagnostic imaging , Tuberculosis, Pleural/microbiology , Tuberculosis, Pleural/pathology
7.
Pulmäo RJ ; 11(3): 138-144, 2002. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-715127

ABSTRACT

Introdução: a frequência de efeitos adversos hepáticos e os fatores associados com a sua ocorrência em um hospital universitário referência para Aids e tuberculose não é completamente conhecida. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo tipo caso-controle com o objetivo de medir prevalência de efeitos hepáticos adversos (EAH) em pacientes sob tratamento medicamentoso anti-tuberculose (TB) e de fatores associados à sua ocorrência. Resultados: foram analisados 588 prontuários médicos de pacientes que fizeram uso de esquema anti-TB com isoniazida, rifampicina e pirazinamida, acrescido ou não de etambutol, atendidos no período de Janeiro de 1994 a dezembro de 1995. EAH foi observado em 40 (6,8%) casos. Foram pareados 200 casos para o grupo controle. Na análise univariada dos grupos caso e controle não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre a ocorrência de EAH e os seguintes parâmetros: a idade, gênero esquema inicial de tratamento anti-TB, a história prévia de hepatopatia e/ou presença de alcoolismo. Entretanto, a ocorrência de EAH esteve significamente associada a hospitalização no momento do diagnóstico da TB, a presença de síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida (SIDA/AIDS), a forma disseminada da TB, a apresentação radiográfica atípica da TB pulmonar, a sorologia positiva para hepatite a vírus B e/ou C, e a evolução clínica desfavorável ou tratamento. Na análise multivariada, somente a hospitalização e o diagnóstico de SIDA permaneceram associados significantemente a EAH. Conclusões: em um hospital Universitário, referência para AIDS e TB, a presença de Aids, de imagem radiológica de TB pulmonar atípica e a TB disseminada estão associados a uma maior taxa de EAH.


Introduction: the frequency of hepatic adverse effects and factors associated with its occurrence in an Universitary Hospital, reference for AIDS and tuberculosis (TB) is not completely known. Methods: a case-control study was conducted to assess the prevalence of hepatic adverse effects of patients using anti-TB treatment and the factors associated with its occurrence. Results: 588 medical charts of TB patients receiving anti-TB treatment with isoniazid, ripampin, pirazinamide, with or without ethambutol attendent betwee January, 1994 and December, 1995 were analyzed. HAE was observed in 40 (6.8%) patients. Two-hundred patients were included as control group. Using univariate analysis to evaluate case and control groups no statistically difference was found between HAE and the following variables: age, gender, anti-TB treatment, liver disease in the past and/or alcohol abuse. However, HAE was significantly associated with hospitalization at the time that TB diagnosis was made, immunosupression, disseminated TB, radiographic atypical presentation of pulmonary TB, seropositivy for B and C hepatitis and clinical unfavorable evolution. In multivariate analysis only hospitalization and Aids were associated to HAE. Conclusion: in a University Hospital, reference for TB and AIDS, the presence of Aids, radiographic atypical presentation of pulmonary TB and disseminated form of TB were associated with higher prevalence of HAE.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Hepatitis , HIV Infections , Mortality , Tuberculosis , Retrospective Studies
8.
Brasília; Comunidade Solidária; 2000. 105 p.
Monography in Portuguese | Sec. Munic. Saúde SP, EMS-Acervo | ID: sms-3632
9.
Brasília; Comunidade Solidária; 2000. 105 p.
Monography in Portuguese | Coleciona SUS | ID: biblio-926594
10.
Brasília; Comunidade Solidária; 2000. 105 p.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS, EMS-Acervo | ID: lil-646252
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