ABSTRACT
In this research, a textile surface was modified by the sol-gel methodology with a new antimicrobial coating containing nanoparticles active against bacteria resistant to antibiotics. The effect of ultrasonic irradiation power (40 to 90 kHz), the concentration of reagents (nanoparticles, precursor and acids) and time (15 to 72 min) were investigated in relation to the structure, morphology and antimicrobial activity of coatings with zinc oxide nanoparticles. The relationship between the sonocatalytic performance and structure of the resultant modification was established by using various techniques, such as FTIR spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy with an EDX detector (SEM-EDX), thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and antimicrobial effects were determined on selected model microorganisms. The homogeneity of layers with ZnO nanoparticles on samples was increased by increasing the ultrasonic irradiation power and time. The ultrasonic irradiation unify did not only unify both the structure and the morphology of samples, it also prevented the agglomeration of the nanoparticles. Moreover, under optimal conditions, an antimicrobial coating with ZnO nanoparticles, active against bacterial species S. aureus and E. coli was efficiently prepared. Results of the Time-kill methodology revieled excellent results starting after 6 hours of exposal to antimicrobialy functionalized cellulose polymer.
ABSTRACT
Optimization of ultrasonic extraction of 23 elements from cotton was performed with different solvent volume ratios. For this purpose nitric acid, hydrochloric acid and water were mixed and applied in a mixture for the extraction of elements adsorbed on cotton material. The elements chosen for the extraction procedure (Al, As, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Ni, Pb, Sb, Si, Sn, Tl and Zn) were those that are important in textile processing. Some of them cause problems during fiber processing, dyeing or bleaching. The removal of elements from the processed fabric can be successfully done with ultrasonic extraction in the ultrasonic bath. Extraction procedure was optimized by software package Design Expert 6 (DX6) and the optimum of ultrasonic extraction was achieved with the mixture of 1M HCl-1M HNO(3)-H(2)O=3.32/2.83/93.85 (v/v). Ultrasonic extraction was a fast and efficient extraction procedure easily applied on cotton textile material.
Subject(s)
Cotton Fiber , Metals/isolation & purification , Ultrasonics , Absorption , Manufactured Materials , Metals/toxicityABSTRACT
Ultrasound assisted extraction was applied on the historical textile as the most appropriate sample preparation step for the identification of the resinous binder. Fragile silk banner from the 19th century was analyzed for the presence of different resins. After the ultrasonic extraction with ethyl acetate in the ultrasonic bath, resinous materials and unknown sample from the banner were separated by thin layer chromatography. The multiple developments in benzene-methanol (95:5) system as mobile phase and silica gel layer as stationary phase were applied, and afterwards the video densitometry determination of the components was performed by means of video camera HV-C20. The shellac resin was determined as an important part of the complex binder.
Subject(s)
Resins, Plant/chemistry , Ultrasonics , Benzene/chemistry , Chromatography , Chromatography, Thin Layer/methods , Densitometry , Methanol/chemistry , Silicon Dioxide/chemistry , Silk , Textiles , Ultraviolet RaysABSTRACT
A rapid method for quantitative determination of atrazine and simazine in honey samples was investigated. The procedure was based on the extraction of pesticides by sonication with benzene:water = 1:1 (v/v) mixture, thin-layer chromatographic separation and quantification by CAMAG Video Documentation system in conjunction with the Reprostar 3. The extraction procedure was optimized with regard to the amount of solvent, duration of sonication and the number of extraction steps. The apparent recovery of pesticides from honey was 92.3 +/- 2.4 for atrazine and 94.2 +/- 2.8 for simazine, when they were extracted in three steps for 20 min using 20 ml of solvent. Ultrasonic solvent extraction was compared with traditional shake-flask extraction method.
