A "fully upper extremity" bailout of direct transaxillary large bore arterial access: A refinement within arm's reach?

Contemporary direct ("fully percutaneous") transaxillary (TAx) large-bore arterial access technique advocates for a 0.018" wire to be passed from femoral arterial access to axillary artery to serve percutaneous bailout options. However, in certain patients, avoiding femoral arterial access entirely may be desired. We describe the merits of a "fully upper extremity" (FUE) bailout approach, as a refinement to previously described direct TAx technique.

An Update on Radial Artery Access and Best Practices for Transradial Coronary Angiography and Intervention in Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association.

Transradial artery access for percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with lower bleeding and vascular complications than transfemoral artery access, especially in patients with acute coronary syndromes. A growing body of evidence supports adoption of transradial artery access to improve acute coronary syndrome-related outcomes, to improve healthcare quality, and to reduce cost. The purpose of this scientific statement is to propose and support a "radial-first" strategy in the United States for patients with acute coronary syndromes. This document also provides an update to previously published statements on transradial artery access technique and best practices, particularly as they relate to the management of patients with acute coronary syndromes.

A Rapid Combinatorial Approach to Assembling Synthetic Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Protein Expression Vectors.

Vector construction and gene cloning are ubiquitous techniques essential to all fields of biological and medical research. They are the first steps in many endeavors leading to expressing proteins to understand gene function and regulation. However, they can often be rate-limiting, particularly in multi-gene studies, due to the time and effort required to assemble gene constructs and to identify the optimal constructs for protein expression.The SureVector system was developed to address this by enabling the rapid and reliable assembly of multiple DNA modules into a recombinant plasmid containing a gene-of-interest (GOI). It harnesses the power of synthetic biology to combine DNA modules from standard parts into a customized vector that expresses proteins in bacterial, mammalian, or yeast cells. The key advantages of the innovative SureVector system include rapid custom vector generation, enhanced flexibility to assemble new vectors quickly as experimental requirements change, and the reliable and precise assembly of fully interchangeable standard DNA modules that retain their functionality. The SureVector system is the only next-generation plasmid assembly technology to guarantee assembly of multiple functional DNA modules.

A single center experience with same-day transradial-PCI patients: a contrast with published guidelines.

OBJECTIVES: Our goal was to compare recently published Consensus Statement from the SCAI/ACC on appropriateness for same-day PCI with patient characteristics from a real-world same-day PCI experience in the United States. BACKGROUND: Recent practice statement published by the SCAI /ACC in 2009 describes patients suitable for outpatient PCI procedures. Whether this practice statement reflects actual real-world practice in the setting of advances in transradial catheterization needs further exploration. METHODS: Pre-existing, deidentified, quality assurance data from 100 sequential patients undergoing transradial PCI, and same-day discharge were compared with criteria in SCAI/ACC statement on outpatient PCI. Each had been identified post-PCI as uncomplicated and therefore eligible for same day discharged. Specific attention was placed on whether the patients carried any exclusion to same-day discharge. RESULTS: One hundred six procedures were recorded in 100 patients including 11 women and 89 men, median age 62 (55,71) years all with stable ischemia. Early follow up was done for medication compliance. None were readmitted nor had post-PCI complications. Only 15% met appropriateness criteria for same-day discharge. Older age, distance from the hospital, greater than simple PCI, and the need for specific antiplatelet therapy represented the dominant contraindications to discharge. CONCLUSIONS: Using transradial approaches and structured early follow up by advance practice nurses, same-day discharge can be accomplished successfully in a broad range of patients outside of those suggested by the SCAI/ACC 2009 Consensus Document. Confirmation of these results could result in shorter hospitalizations for US patients and align advances in catheterization technology to optimize heath care delivery.

Directed evolution and identification of control regions of ColE1 plasmid replication origins using only nucleotide deletions.

Genes can be mutated by altering DNA content (base changes) or DNA length (insertions or deletions). Most in vitro directed evolution processes utilize nucleotide content changes to produce DNA libraries. We tested whether gain of function mutations could be identified using a mutagenic process that produced only nucleotide deletions. Short nucleotide stretches were deleted in a plasmid encoding lacZ, and screened for increased beta-galactosidase activity. Several mutations were found in the origin of replication that quantitatively and qualitatively altered plasmid behavior in vivo. Some mutations allowed co-residence of ColE1 plasmids in Escherichia coli, and implicate hairpin structures II and III of the ColE1 RNA primer as determinants of plasmid compatibility. Thus, useful and unexpected mutations can be found from libraries containing only deletions.

Thalassiolins A-C: new marine-derived inhibitors of HIV cDNA integrase.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication requires integration of viral cDNA into the host genome, a process mediated by the viral enzyme integrase. We describe a new series of HIV integrase inhibitors, thalassiolins A-C (1-3), isolated from the Caribbean sea grass Thalassia testudinum. The thalassiolins are distinguished from other flavones previously studied by the substitution of a sulfated beta-D-glucose at the 7-position, a substituent that imparts increased potency against integrase in biochemical assays. The most active of these molecules, thalassiolin A (1), displays in vitro inhibition of the integrase catalyzed strand transfer reaction (IC50=0.4 microM) and an antiviral IC50 of 30 microM. Molecular modeling studies indicate a favorable binding mode is probable at the catalytic core domain of HIV-1 integrase.