ABSTRACT
Gut microbiota has been suggested to affect lipid metabolism. The objective of this study was to characterize the faecal microbiota signature and both short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and bile acids (BA) profile of hypercholesterolemic subjects. Microbiota composition, SCFAs, BA and blood lipid profile from male volunteers with hypercholesterolemia (HC) and normocholesterolemia (NC) were determined by 16S rDNA sequencing, HPLC, GC and NMR, respectively. HC subjects were characterized by having lower relative abundance of Anaeroplasma (0.002% vs 0.219%, p-value = 0.026) and Haemophilus (0.041% vs 0.078%, p-value = 0.049), and higher of Odoribacter (0.51% vs 0.16%; p-value = 0.044). Correlation analysis revealed that Anaeroplasma and Haemophilus were associated to an unfavourable lipid profile: they correlated negatively to cholesterol and triglycerides related biomarkers and the ratio total to high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and positively to HDL size. Odoribacter displayed an opposite behaviour. Faecal SCFAs profile revealed higher abundance of isobutyric (2.76% vs 0.82%, p-value = 0.049) and isovaleric acid (1.32% vs 0.06%, p-value = 0.016) in HC. Isobutyric acid correlated positively with Odoribacter and lipid parameters indicative of an unfavourable profile. BA profile did not show differences between groups. It was concluded that HC subjects showed a particular faecal bacterial signature and SCFAs profile associated with their lipid profile.
Subject(s)
Bacteria/metabolism , Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism , Feces/chemistry , Feces/microbiology , Hypercholesterolemia/metabolism , Bacteria/classification , Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism , Biomarkers/metabolism , Fermentation , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Humans , Lipids/blood , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Fundamento y objetivos. El control de los factores de riesgo cardiovascular es especialmente importante en diabetes tipo 2 (DM-2). El grado de control no se ha estudiado específicamente en población rural ni cómo afecta a la calidad de vida. Hemos valorado el grado de consecución de los principales objetivos de control en el área adscrita a un hospital comarcal y evaluado la calidad de vida. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal, en pacientes DM-2 atendidos en atención primaria de las comarcas Pallars Jussà y Sobirà (Lleida). Se evaluaron el tabaquismo, IMC, PA, HbA1c, colesterol total, c-LDL, c-HDL y triglicéridos. La calidad de vida se valoró con cuestionario de salud (EQ-5D). Resultados. Se incluyeron 109 sujetos (55% hombres) con edad media (desviación estándar) de 70 (7,7) años. El 25% de los casos tenía IMC <27kg/m2 y 92% no fumaba. La PA sistólica y diastólica se hallaron controladas en el 36% y 53%, y la HbA1c, en 41%. Se halló control óptimo del colesterol total en el 54%, c-LDL en el 30%, c-HDL en el 64% y triglicéridos en el 75%. Un 1,8% alcanzaban todos los objetivos. La media de la valoración subjetiva global del estado de salud fue 69 puntos. Conclusiones. Una proporción muy pequeña de los pacientes con DM-2 se encuentran en los objetivos recomendados. Los más difíciles de conseguir fueron IMC y PA y los de mayor consecución fueron el nivel de triglicéridos y abstinencia tabáquica. La percepción subjetiva del estado de salud no se asoció al grado de control de objetivos(AU)
Fundamentals and objectives. Control of cardiovascular risk factors is especially important in type 2 diabetes (DM2). The degree of control has not been studied specifically in rural population and how it affects quality of life. We have assessed the degree of accomplishment of the main control objectives in the area assigned to a regional hospital and evaluated their quality of life. Material and methods. Cross-sectional study, in DM2 patients seen in Primary Care Centers on the Pallars Jussà y Sobirà (Lleida) regions. Smoking, body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), HbA1c, total cholesterol, LDLc, HDL-c and triglycerides were evaluated. Quality of life was assessed with a health questionnaire (EQ-5D). Results. 109 subjects (55% male) were recruited, with a medium age (standard deviation) of 70 (7.7) years old. 25% of cases had BMI <27kg/m2 and 92% were non-current smokers. Systolic and diastolic BP were under control on the 36% and 53%, and HbA1c, on the 41%. Total Cholesterol was found optimal on the 54%, LDL-c on the 30%, HDL-c on the 64% and triglycerides on the 75%. 1.8% of patients achieved all the goals. The medium global subjective assessment of health status was 69 points. Conclusions. A very small percentage of patients with DM2 are in the recommended target. The most difficult to achieve were BMI and BP and the highest achievement were triglycerides and smoking abstinence. Subjective perception of health status was not associated with degree of objectives control(AU)
