Application of a dot blot hybridization assay for genotyping Streptococcus uberis from Brazilian dairy herds.

Streptococcus uberis is a major cause of environmental mastitis in many regions, and it is associated with clinical and subclinical infections. Although the main source of infection is the environment, reports of strains with a contagious profile have been described. Dot blot hybridization analysis allows the rapid identification of S. uberis population structures within and between herds, and it helps to identify strain diversity as well as possible clonal lineages that directly affect the control of bovine mastitis caused by this pathogen. The aim of this study was to evaluate the diversity of S. uberis isolates obtained from clinical (n = 22) and subclinical (n = 22) cases of mastitis in dairy herds (n = 13) in Brazil over a period of 12 mo. We submitted 44 S. uberis isolates to dot blot hybridization followed by automatic data analysis. We identified 8 different hybridization patterns using genetic markers associated with virulence factors and taxonomy, indicating diversity of S. uberis within the population and suggesting environmental transmission. However, the evidence of identical dot blot patterns in different mammary quarters from the same animal also suggested local contagious transmission. Of the virulence genes evaluated, we found a high prevalence of the genes sua, pauA, and gapC, highlighting the importance of these virulence factors for the adhesion, invasion, and multiplication of S. uberis in subclinical and clinical intramammary infections.

Attacking Profiles of the Best Ranked Teams From Elite Futsal Leagues.

This study aimed to (i) explore the discriminatory power of the task-related variables and the context in establishing differences in the elite futsal leagues of Portugal, Spain, and Russia and (ii) understand how these variables vary according to the match outcome. Methodological issues concerning efficiency (goals and shots), offensive organisation (positional attack, counterattack, set pieces, or 5vs4+Goalkeeper), 1st goal scored during matches (home or away team), match type (balanced or unbalanced), and match outcome (winner, loser, or drawer) were discussed. Archival data were obtained from the 2017-2018 season of Portuguese, Spanish, and Russian professional futsal leagues for all play-off matches. Crosstabs analysis was conducted to establish the significance relationship between the elite futsal leagues and the situational variables. Afterward, discriminant analysis was used to identify the task-related variables that maximise mean differences between different league teams for defining offensive profile, and the variations found when the condition of the winner, loser, or drawer is taken into account. The results allowed to understand that the Portuguese and Russian teams used the positional attacks more, and less the counterattacks and set pieces than the Spaniards, who present a more balanced offensive profile. Overall, winners were better discriminated by goals scored, whereas 5vs4+Goalkeeper strategy discriminated loser teams. Coaches should be aware of these different offensive profiles in order to increase control over the match planning and decrease predictability against opposing teams.

Análise sérica das enzimas aspartato aminotransferase, alanina aminotransferase e gama glutamiltranspeptidase de coelhos adultos tratados com extrato bruto de própolis / Serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase enzymes in rabbits treated with crude extract of propolis

Diversos trabalhos têm atribuído a própolis inúmeras propriedades farmacológicas, dentre elas podemos citar, como exemplo, efeitos antibacteriano, antiviral, antiinflamatório, regenerador do tecido cartilaginoso, inibidor da formação de radicais livres e redutor de níveis sangüíneo de glicose e triacilglicerol. Alguns efeitos colaterais são atribuídos à própolis principalmente em doses elevadas. Muitos efeitos tóxicos da própolis são atribuídos ao álcool etílico presente no extrato. Dentre alguns efeitos tóxicos citados em literatura como realmente da própolis temos a dermatite e o aumento da uréia sangüínea. O presente estudo teve como objetivo investigar se o extrato bruto de própolis ocasiona algum efeito adverso nos níveis séricos de alanina aminotransferase, aspartato aminotransferase e gama – glutamiltranspeptidase de coelhos saudáveis. O experimento teve 30 dias de duração, sendo as dosagens dos constituintes do sangue (alanina aminotransferase, aspartato aminotransferase e gama – glutamiltranspeptidase) realizadas a 0, 15 e 30 dias. Os resultados indicaram que, de o extrato bruto de própolis na forma testadea, não ocasionou alteração relevante nos níveis séricos das enzimas marcadoras de metabolismo hepático