ABSTRACT
Objetivo: descrever os significados e os sentimentos da mulher após o parto vaginal e identificar como a atuação da enfermagem obstétrica pode contribuir para melhores experiências no puerpério. Método: Pesquisa fenomenológica heideggeriana com 14 mulheres que passaram pelo parto vaginal. Realizada entrevista aberta audiogravada, para a constituição da Unidade de Significação e da compreensão vaga e mediana. Resultado: O vivido e os sentimentos da mulher após o parto vaginal significaram: ter medo de fazer sexo, sentir dor na relação sexual, achar que não ia voltar a ser normal, sentir o corpo diferente de antes, achar que a relação sexual mudou, perder o desejo sexual. Conclusão: A atuação da enfermagem obstétrica é necessária para melhores desfechos frente ao medo e à adaptação da puérpera ao retorno da atividade sexual, pontuando ações simples para a sexualidade da puérpera/casal, como: cuidados de higiene, uso de lubrificantes e estímulo à retomada da intimidade sexual.(AU)
Objective: to describe the meanings and feelings of women after vaginal delivery and to identify how the performance of obstetric nursing can contribute to better experiences in the puerperium. Method: Heideggerian phenomenological research with 14 women who underwent vaginal delivery. An open audio-recorded interview was carried out, for the constitution of the Meaning Unit and vague and median understanding. Result: The experience and feelings of the woman after vaginal delivery meant: being afraid of having sex, feeling pain in sexual intercourse, thinking that it would not go back to being normal, feeling the body different from before, thinking that the sexual relationship has changed, lose sexual desire. Conclusion: The performance of obstetric nursing is necessary for better outcomes in the face of fear and the adaptation of the puerperal woman to the return of sexual activity, punctuating simple actions for the sexuality of the puerperal woman/couple, such as: hygiene care, use of lubricants and encouragement to resume of sexual intimacy.(AU)
Objetivo: describir los significados y sentimientos de las mujeres después del parto vaginal e identificar cómo la actuación de la enfermería obstétrica puede contribuir para mejores experiencias en el puerperio. Método: Investigación fenomenológica heideggeriana con 14 mujeres que tuvieron parto vaginal. Se realizó una entrevista abierta grabada en audio, para la constitución de la Unidad de Significado y comprensión vaga y mediana. Resultado: La experiencia y sentimientos de la mujer después del parto vaginal significó: tener miedo de tener relaciones sexuales, sentir dolor en las relaciones sexuales, pensar que no volvería a ser normal, sentir el cuerpo diferente al anterior, pensar que la relación sexual ha cambia, pierde el deseo sexual. Conclusión: La actuación de enfermería obstétrica es necesaria para mejores resultados frente al miedo y la adaptación de la puérpera al retorno de la actividad sexual, puntuando acciones simples para la sexualidad de la puérpera/pareja, tales como: cuidado de la higiene, uso de lubricantes y estímulo a la reanudación de la intimidad sexual.(AU)
Subject(s)
Philosophy , Women , Postpartum Period , Natural Childbirth , Obstetric NursingABSTRACT
Annexin A1 is a 37 kDa phospholipid-binding protein that is expressed in many tissues and cell types, including leukocytes, lymphocytes and epithelial cells. Although Annexin A1 has been extensively studied for its anti-inflammatory activity, it has been shown that, in the cancer context, its activity switches from anti-inflammatory to pro-inflammatory. Remarkably, Annexin A1 shows pro-invasive and pro-tumoral properties in several cancers either by eliciting autocrine signaling in cancer cells or by inducing a favorable tumor microenvironment. Indeed, the signaling of the N-terminal peptide of AnxA1 has been described to promote the switching of macrophages to the pro-tumoral M2 phenotype. Moreover, AnxA1 has been described to prevent the induction of antigen-specific cytotoxic T cell response and to play an essential role in the induction of regulatory T lymphocytes. In this way, Annexin A1 inhibits the anti-tumor immunity and supports the formation of an immunosuppressed tumor microenvironment that promotes tumor growth and metastasis. For these reasons, in this review we aim to describe the role of Annexin A1 in the establishment of the tumor microenvironment, focusing on the immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory activities of Annexin A1 and on its interaction with the epidermal growth factor receptor.
Subject(s)
Annexin A1/metabolism , Immunity/immunology , Neoplasms/immunology , Tumor Microenvironment/immunology , Animals , Annexin A1/genetics , Autocrine Communication , Humans , Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
Phospholipids are suggested to drive tumorigenesis through their essential role in inflammation. Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a phospholipid metabolizing enzyme that releases free fatty acids, mostly arachidonic acid, and lysophospholipids, which contribute to the development of the tumor microenvironment (TME), promoting immune evasion, angiogenesis, tumor growth, and invasiveness. The mechanisms mediated by PLA2 are not fully understood, especially because an important inhibitory molecule, Annexin A1, is present in the TME but does not exert its action. Here, we will discuss how Annexin A1 in cancer does not inhibit PLA2 leading to both pro-inflammatory and pro-tumoral signaling pathways. Moreover, Annexin A1 promotes the release of cancer-derived exosomes, which also lead to the enrichment of PLA2 and COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes, contributing to TME formation. In this review, we aim to describe the role of PLA2 in the establishment of TME, focusing on cancer-derived exosomes, and modulatory activities of Annexin A1. Unraveling how these proteins interact in the cancer context can reveal new strategies for the treatment of different tumors. We will also describe the possible strategies to inhibit PLA2 and the approaches that could be used in order to resume the anti-PLA2 function of Annexin A1.
Subject(s)
Annexin A1/metabolism , Carcinogenesis/pathology , Neoplasms/pathology , Phospholipases A2/metabolism , Animals , Carcinogenesis/metabolism , Humans , Neoplasms/metabolismABSTRACT
Triple Negative Breast Cancers (TNBC) are heterogeneous and aggressive pathologies, with distinct morphological and clinical characteristics associated with their genetic diversity, epigenetics, transcriptional changes and aberrant molecular patterns. Treatment with anti-neoplastic drugs exerts systemic effects with low specificity, and incipient improvement in overall survival due to chemoresistance and recurrence. New alternatives for TNBC treatment are urgent and parthenolide or its analogues have been explored. Parthenolide is a sesquiterpene lactone with promising antitumor effects against TNBC cell lines. This review highlights the importance of parthenolide and its analogue drugs in TNBC treatment.
Subject(s)
Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms , Apoptosis , Cell Line, Tumor , Humans , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local , Sesquiterpenes , Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/drug therapyABSTRACT
Abstract: Introduction: This present study assesses the use of the feedback mechanism in the formative assessment during medical training, considering this instrument is of great importance for this training stimulation, which is based on active teaching methodologies. The study aims to characterize the application of this tool and to identify possible failures in its application in the daily routine of the PINESC module in the Anhanguera University (Uniderp) medical course. Method: This is a quantitative, sectional research, including students from the first to the eighth semesters of the medical course, attending the PINESC longitudinal module. In the data collection, a questionnaire was used with questions related to the formative assessment performed by the preceptors, which is reported to the students according to the sample calculation. The feedback is the core activity of the formative assessment and allows the development of reflective and self-evaluation capacities and the development of skills. However, the use of feedback still faces barriers, mainly due to the difficulty of the evaluators in listing negative points and capabilities of the evaluated individuals. Result: In this study, some shortcomings and positive points were reported regarding the application process of this tool, listing and suggesting improvements for a better use of feedback and thus a more favorable academic achievement. Conclusion: In conclusion, as the basis of formative evaluation, the feedback still shows many weaknesses regarding its form and application.
Resumo: Introdução: Este trabalho aborda a utilização do mecanismo de feedback na avaliação formativa durante a formação médica, visto que esse instrumento é de grande importância para o estímulo dessa formação que se pauta pelas metodologias ativas de ensino. O estudo tem como objetivos caracterizar a aplicação dessa ferramenta e identificar possíveis falhas na utilização dela no cotidiano do módulo Pinesc, no curso de Medicina da Universidade Anhanguera (Uniderp). Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e seccional que abrange alunos do primeiro ao oitavo semestre inseridos no módulo longitudinal Pinesc. Na coleta dos dados, utilizou-se um questionário com perguntas relativas à avaliação formativa que é realizada pelos preceptores, o qual é repassado aos acadêmicos de acordo com o cálculo de amostragem. O feedback é a atividade central da avaliação formativa e possibilita o desenvolvimento da capacidade reflexiva e autoavaliativa e de habilidades. Contudo, a utilização do feedback ainda encontra obstáculos principalmente pela dificuldade de os avaliadores elencarem os pontos negativos e as facilidades dos avaliados. Resultado: Neste estudo, foram relatadas algumas falhas e pontos positivos no processo de aplicação desse instrumento. Por conta disso, elencam-se e sugerem-se aperfeiçoamentos para uma melhor utilização do feedback e um aproveitamento acadêmico mais favorável. Conclusão: Como base da avaliação formativa, o feedback ainda demonstra possuir muitas fragilidades quanto à sua forma e aplicação.
ABSTRACT
A biossegurança se torna importante, tanto no controle dos riscos ocupacionais quanto no controle dos riscos de prejuízo ambiental provenientes das novas tecnologias científicas. O presente trabalho objetivou proporcionar uma prática docente caracterizada pela ênfase na autonomia, na liberdade e na criatividade, como pressupostos para a construção do conhecimento universitário. O jogo proposto, denominado Biowar, concentrou-se em fornecer e disseminar o conhecimento educativo entre os alunos, abordando temas multidisciplinares embasados em biossegurança. Com o elevado índice de aceitação dos alunos do curso de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, o jogo mostrou-se eficiente ao abordar temas científicos recentes, funcionando como um recurso eficaz e método alternativo de ensino na formação de cientistas cidadãos devidamente alicerçados nos conceitos de biossegurança(AU)
Biosecurity becomes important in the control of occupational hazards and in controlling the risk of environmental damage from new scientific technologies. This study aimed to provide a teaching practice characterized by emphasis on autonomy, freedom and creativity, as prerequisites for the construction of university knowledge. The proposed game called Biowar, aimed on providing and disseminating educational knowledge among students, addressing multidisciplinary issues based in biosafety. With high acceptance rate of students of biotechnology at the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, the game Biowar was efficient in addressing recent scientific topics, with an effective resource as alternative teaching methods in forming properly grounded citizen scientists in biosafety concepts(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Young Adult , Adult , Biotechnology , Occupational RisksABSTRACT
A biossegurança se torna importante, tanto no controle dos riscos ocupacionais quanto no controle dos riscos de prejuízo ambiental provenientes das novas tecnologias científicas. O presente trabalho objetivou proporcionar uma prática docente caracterizada pela ênfase na autonomia, na liberdade e na criatividade, como pressupostos para a construção do conhecimento universitário. O jogo proposto, denominado Biowar, concentrou-se em fornecer e disseminar o conhecimento educativo entre os alunos, abordando temas multidisciplinares embasados em biossegurança. Com o elevado índice de aceitação dos alunos do curso de Biotecnologia da Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, o jogo mostrou-se eficiente ao abordar temas científicos recentes, funcionando como um recurso eficaz e método alternativo de ensino na formação de cientistas cidadãos devidamente alicerçados nos conceitos de biossegurança
Biosecurity becomes important in the control of occupational hazards and in controlling the risk of environmental damage from new scientific technologies. This study aimed to provide a teaching practice characterized by emphasis on autonomy, freedom and creativity, as prerequisites for the construction of university knowledge. The proposed game called Biowar, aimed on providing and disseminating educational knowledge among students, addressing multidisciplinary issues based in biosafety. With high acceptance rate of students of biotechnology at the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, the game Biowar was efficient in addressing recent scientific topics, with an effective resource as alternative teaching methods in forming properly grounded citizen scientists in biosafety concepts
