ABSTRACT
Background: Insulin icodec is a novel, long-acting, once-weekly basal insulin analog. Its comparative efficacy and safety with basal once-daily insulins in type 2 diabetes mellittus is uncertain. Objective: Evaluate potential efficacy, benefits and risks associated with icodec compared to once-daily basal insulin analogs (degludec or glargine). Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until June 2023 comparing icodec versus long-acting insulin analogs (degludec and glargine) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with at least 12 weeks of follow-up. Binary endpoints were assessed with risk ratios (RRs) and continuous endpoints were compared using mean differences (MDs), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023452468). Results: A total of seven RCTs and 3286 patients with T2DM were included, of whom 1509 (60.6%) received icodec treatment. The follow-up period ranged from 16 to 78 weeks. Compared with once-daily basal insulin analogs, icodec led to a greater improvement in HbA1c (MD -0.15%; 95% CI -0.21, -0.10; p < 0.0001; I2 = 0%) and time in range (TIR) (MD 2.83%; 95%CI 0.94; 4.71; p = 0.003; I2 = 22%). Body weight was increased with icodec treatment (MD 0.78 Kg; 95%CI 0.42, 1.15; p < 0.01; I2 = 86%). There was also a higher rate of injection site reactions (RR 1.89; 95%CI 1.12, 3.18; p = 0.016; I2 = 0%) and nasopharyngitis (RR 1.94; 95%CI 1.11, 3.38; p = 0.020; I2 = 0%) in the icodec group, compared with once-daily regimens. There was no significant difference between groups in fasting plasma glucose. Conclusions: In this meta-analysis of RCTs, insulin icodec led to better control of HbA1c and TIR as compared with once-daily insulin regimens, albeit with increased weight gain and a higher rate of injection site reaction in the Icodec group.
ABSTRACT
Objective: Insulin Icodec is a novel basal insulin analogue designed for once-weekly administration, therefore might propitiate reduction in the frequency of injections and facilitate treatment adherence. This study aimed to determine the glycemic control and safety profile of Insulin Icodec, compared with Glargine U100 in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2. Materials and methods: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCT) data comparing OnceWeekly Insulin Icodec and Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases were searched for trials published up to May 14, 2022. Data were extracted from published reports and quality assessment was performed per Cochrane recommendations. Results: Three studies were included comprising 453 patients, 230 (50.77%) using Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec and 223 (49.22%) using Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100. In the pooled data, Glycated Hemoglobin (MD -0.20% CI -0.33 to -0.07%; P=0.002) change from baseline demonstrated a significantly higher reduction in the Icodec group. Time with Glucose in Range (MD 6.60% CI 3.63 to 9.57%; P < 0.0001) and Insulin Dose Difference (MD 0.97UI CI 0.76 to 1.18UI; P < 0.0001) were higher in the Icodec group. There was no significant difference in fasting plasma glucose, body weight change, hypoglycemia or any adverse event evaluated. Conclusion: OnceWeekly Insulin Icodec was associated with a small reduction in Glycated Hemoglobin, as well as higher Time with Glucose in Range, with similar hypoglycemic adverse events, when compared with Once-Daily Insulin Glargine U100.
Subject(s)
Blood Glucose , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Humans , Insulin Glargine/adverse effects , Glycated Hemoglobin , Blood Glucose/analysis , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Insulin/therapeutic use , Glucose , Clinical Trials, Phase II as TopicABSTRACT
Objective: Evaluate the influence of isolated and associated prepregnancy obesity and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on adverse perinatal outcomes. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional observational study with women who delivered at a Brazilian Maternity Hospital, between August and December 2020. Data were collected by interview with application form, and medical records. Sample was stratified by body mass index (BMI) and GDM screening in four groups: no obesity (BMI < 30 kg/m2) no GDM - reference; isolated GDM; isolated obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2); and obesity with GDM. Preeclampsia (PE), cesarean section (CS), large-for-gestational-age (LGA) newborn and admission to neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were analyzed by odds ratio (OR) adjusted for confounding factors, adopting 95% confidence interval (CI) and P < 0.05 statistically significant. Results: From 1,618 participants, isolated obesity group (233/14.40%) had high chance of PE (OR = 2.16; CI: 1.364-3.426; P = 0.001), isolated GDM group (190/11.74%) had high chance of CS (OR = 1.736; CI: 1.136-2.652; P = 0.011) and NICU admission (OR = 2.32; CI: 1.265-4.261; P = 0.007), and obesity with GDM group (121/7.48%) had high chance of PE (OR = 1.93; CI: 1.074-3.484; P = 0.028), CS (OR = 1.925; CI: 1.124-3.298; P = 0.017) and LGA newborn (OR = 1.81; CI: 1.027-3.204; P = 0.040), compared with reference (1,074/66.38%). Conclusion: Obesity and GDM enhances the chance of different negative outcomes, worsening this prognosis when associated.
Subject(s)
Diabetes, Gestational , Infant, Newborn , Pregnancy , Female , Humans , Diabetes, Gestational/diagnosis , Cesarean Section , Cross-Sectional Studies , Obesity/complications , Prognosis , Body Mass Index , Pregnancy OutcomeABSTRACT
Avaliar os desfechos adversos perinatais relacionados à primiparidade. Trata-se de um estudo de corte transversal, realizado na Maternidade Darcy Vargas em JoinvilleSC, no período de agosto a dezembro de 2020. Dividiu-se as pacientes em 2 grupos, primíparas e multíparas. Através da análise do Prontuário Único do Paciente (PUP), os desfechos perinatais adversos foram avaliados com cálculo de razão de chance ajustado, utilizando intervalo de confiança de 95%. Os fatores de confusão adotados foram: idade, tabagismo, alcoolismo e outras drogas. As puérperas foram divididas em primíparas (n=522/31,2%) e multíparas (n=1148/68,7%). Após o cálculo de razão de chance ajustado, primíparas tiveram aumento da chance de episiotomia (RC=7,069 IC95% 4,275-11,690), prematuridade (RC=1,784 IC95% 1,011-3,148) e redução da chance de recém-nascidos Grandes para a Idade Gestacional (GIG) (RC=0,555 IC95% 0,388-0,793), não interferiu nos demais desfechos. Pacientes primíparas apresentaram maior chance de episiotomia, prematuridade e menor chance de recém-nascidos GIG.
To investigate the effects of perinatal primiparity. This was a cross-sectional cohort study, carried out at the Darcy Vargas Maternity Hospital in Joinville, state of Santa Catarina, from August to December 2020. Patients were assigned to 2 groups, primiparous and multiparous. With the analysis of electronic medical records, perinatal adverse outcomes were evaluated using the adjusted odds ratio, using a 95% confidence interval. Confounding factors adopted were: age, smoking, alcoholism, and other drugs. Postpartum women were divided into primiparous (n=522/31.2%) and multiparous (n=1,148/68.7%) women. After calculating the adjusted odds ratio, primiparous women had an increased chance of having an episiotomy (OR= 7,069 CI95% 4,275-11,690), prematurity (OR=1,784 CI95% 1,011-3,148) and reduced chance of Large for Gestational Age (LAG) newborns (OR=0,555 CI95% 0,388-0,793). Primiparous patients had a higher chance of having an episiotomy, prematurity, and a lower chance of LAG newborns.
ABSTRACT
Introdução: Após tratamento para Mieloma Múltiplo (MM), a transformação em linfoma de burkitt (LB) é incomum, com raros casos relatados.Objetivo: relatar um caso raro de LB secundário a MM, em paciente tratado com protocolo CyBorD. Relato de caso: Nós descrevemos um caso de um homem de 37 anos, negro, senegalês e HIV positivo, que em pouco mais de dois meses após o diagnóstico de MM evoluiu para uma transformação medular que resultou em um linfoma linfoblástico B compatível com LB. Conclusão: Este relato de caso demonstra a possibilidade de transformação maligna de MM para LB, incentivando assim futuras comparações multicêntricas de casos similares num esforço amplo para uma melhor definição desse processo patológico.
Introduction: After treatment for Multiple Myeloma (MM), transformation into burkitt's lymphoma (LB) is uncommon, with rare cases reported. Objective: to report a rare case of LB secondary to MM, in a patient treated with the CyBorD protocol. Case report: We describe a case of a 37-year-old man, black, Senegalese and HIV positive, who in just over 2 months after the diagnosis of MM evolved to a medullary transformation that resulted in a B lymphoblastic lymphoma compatible with LB. Conclusion: This case report demonstrates the possibility of malignant transformation from MM to BL, thus encouraging future multicentric comparisons of similar cases in a broad effort to better define this pathological process.
