Experimental Resin-Based Monoblock Endodontic Obturation System.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to characterize a novel resin-based monoblock endodontic obturation system consisting of a polymeric cone and a resin-based endodontic sealer. METHODS: The preliminary tests performed for the experimental cone were as follows: cohesive strength, dimensional stability, standardization of the diameter and taper, calcium ion release, and radiopacity, for the characterization of the experimental sealer, film thickness and flow tests were performed. Tests were performed according to the American National Standards Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) Standards Nos. 57 and 78. The experimental cone was compared to gutta-percha, whereas the experimental sealer was compared to AH Plus. Data were analyzed by Student's t-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS: The experimental cone had superior values for cohesive strength and dimensional stability compared to gutta-percha. Regarding calcium ion release, the experimental system continued to release calcium ions after 30 days. Film thickness was similar for both endodontic sealers; conversely, the experimental resin-based sealer achieved higher values for flow compared to AH Plus. CONCLUSION: The experimental resin-based monoblock obturation system fully met the requirements of the ANSI/ADA Standard No. 78 and the ANSI/ADA Standard No. 57, except for radiopacity. Considering this, further studies are still needed to evaluate other radiopacifiers and the effect of their incorporation on the physicochemical properties of this novel resin-based monoblock endodontic obturation system.

Edema em lábio superior associado à alveólise de dente decíduo / Edema em lábio superior associado à alveólise de dente decíduo

Introdução: As úlceras traumáticas são caracterizadas por episódios breves e dolorosos, mas podem se tornar crônicas se o agente causador não for eliminado. A alveólise é uma alteração que pode ocorrer durante o processo de reabsorção da raiz do dente decíduo, caracterizada por sua exposição à cavidade bucal, sem reabsorção. Objetivo: Descrever o caso de uma paciente com edema no lábio superior devido à úlcera traumática causada pela exposição do ápice da raiz de um incisivo decíduo. Relato do caso: Paciente do sexo feminino, 5 anos de idade. Após exame clínico, deduziu-se que o edema labial associado com uma úlcera causada pelo contato constante com o ápice do dente que sofreu alveólise. O tratamento consistiu na extração do dente e proservação da úlcera na mucosa labial. A extração favoreceu a erupção do incisivo permanente, permitiu a cicatrização completa da lesão traumática e a remissão do edema no lábio superior. Conclusão: Embora simples, o caso ressalta a necessidade de o profissional reconhecer a alveolise, possíveis complicações associadas e a maneira adequada de tratá-las. Um caso aparentemente complexo foi resolvido simplesmente devido ao diagnóstico e tratamento adequados(AU)

Introducción: Las úlceras traumáticas se caracterizan por episodios breves y dolorosos, pero pueden llegar a ser crónicas si no se elimina el agente causal. La alveólisis es una alteración que puede ocurrir durante el proceso de reabsorción de la raíz del diente primario, caracterizada por su exposición a la cavidad bucal, sin reabsorción. Objetivo: Describir el caso de una paciente con edema en el labio superior debido a la úlcera traumática causada por la exposición del ápice de la raíz de un incisivo primario. Presentación del caso: Paciente del sexo femenino, de 5 años de edad. Después del examen clínico, se dedujo que el edema del labio estaba relacionado con la úlcera causada por el contacto constante con el ápice del diente que ha sufrido alveólisis. El tratamiento consistió en la extracción del diente y preservación de la úlcera en mucosa labial. La extracción favoreció la erupción del incisivo permanente, permitió la curación completa de la lesión traumática y la remisión del edema en el labio superior. Conclusiones: Aunque simple, el caso destaca la necesidad de que el profesional reconozca la alveólisis, posibles enfermedades asociadas y la forma adecuada de tratarlas. Un caso aparentemente complejo se resolvió simplemente debido a un diagnóstico y tratamiento adecuados(AU)

Introduction: Traumatic ulcers are characterized by short and painful episodes, but can become chronic if the causative agent is not removed. Alveolisis is an alteration that may occur during the primary tooth root resorption process, characterized by its exposure to the oral cavity, without resorption. Objective: To describe the case of a patient with an important edema and associated pain in the upper lip due to traumatic ulcer caused by exposure of the root apex of a primary incisor. Case presentation: Female patient aged 5 years old. After clinical examination, it was deduced that the lip swelling was related to the ulcer that was caused by the constant contact with the apex of the central incisor that has undergone alveolisis. The treatment consisted in the extraction of the tooth and the preservation of the labial mucosa ulcer. The extraction favored the eruption of the permanent incisor, allowed the complete healing of the traumatic lesion and the remission of the upper lip edema. Conclusions: Although simple, the case highlights the need for the professional to recognize the alveolisis and the possible associated complications as well as the appropriate way to manage them. A seemingly complex case was solved simply due to correct diagnosis and treatment(AU)

An International Survey of Female Dental Students' Perceptions About Gender Bias and Sexual Misconduct at Four Dental Schools.

As women enter the dental profession in increasing numbers in North America and around the world, the questions of how they perceive their environment and what kind of barriers they face are important subjects to be addressed. The aim of this study was to assess and compare women dental students' perceptions of bias in their environment and experiences of sexual misconduct at one dental school in each of four countries. In spring 2017, 1,293 female students at four dental schools in the U.S., Bulgaria, Brazil, and India were invited to participate in a 24-item survey developed by researchers from the four countries; 990 students responded (response rate 76.6%). The overall majority of the respondents reported thinking the admissions process at their school was fair (79.7%); but a fifth of U.S. and Brazilian students perceived their school was not fully embracing of females, with most Bulgarian students agreeing (87.2%) and all Indian students disagreeing. Most respondents overall perceived that male faculty members did not favor male students (79.5%) and did not think there was discrimination against female students by faculty (87.1%), but half of the U.S. respondents reported feeling discriminated against by both male faculty and male students. When the responses "I've been verbally harassed" and "I've been somewhat verbally harassed" were combined, 10.1% of the U.S. respondents reported verbal harassment, compared to 20% of Brazilian, 15% of Bulgarian, and 2% of Indian respondents. When the responses "I've been sexually assaulted" and "I've been somewhat sexually assaulted" were combined, 6% of U.S. respondents reported being sexually assaulted, compared to 6.2% of Brazilian, 2.5% of Bulgarian, and none of the Indian respondents. Almost half (46.9%) of these students overall perceived their school was not or only somewhat vigilant about issues of sexual misconduct, and only 54% said they would feel comfortable or very comfortable reporting misconduct. These results suggest that academic dental institutions in all four countries need improvements to make their environments more equitable and free of bias and sexual misconduct.

Reconstruction of the Parotid Duct.

The most common causes of parotid duct lesions are injuries with sharp instruments. Late alterations after such lesions lead to esthetic defects and complicates the treatment. This case report presents an alternative surgical technique for late reparation of the parotid duct. A 31-year-old male patient was admitted with a history of physical aggression by a glass bottle, resulting in cutting injuries in face and drainage of extraoral transparent fluid from the buccinatory region lesion Antibiotic therapy was initiated immediately, and the surgery was performed nine days after the incident. The repair of the parotid duct lesion was achieved adapting a venous catheter that was passed through the distal portion of the duct from the oral orifice. The proximal segment of the duct was cannulated, the lacerated ends of the duct were approximated on the device and sutured with prolipopylene thread. At the 14-day post-operative return, the saliva was draining through the catheter, and then it was removed. Patients with cutaneous lesions in the buccinatory region require a thorough examination to identify injuries to the parotid duct. The surgical treatment using the presented alternative surgical technique was an effective and cheaper option when compared to other alternatives and showed no complications.

Prótese nasal óculo-suportada / Prótesis nasal sostenida por armaduras de gafas / Nasal prosthesis supported by eyeglass frames

A mutilação da face pode ocorrer devido à remoção cirúrgica de cânceres ou traumas na região, com importante prejuízo estético e funcional. Tais mutilações provocam alterações morfológicas, funcionais e psicossociais podendo levar o indivíduo ao isolamento social e familiar, ou mesmo deixa-lo estigmatizado. Assim, é imperativo que os profissionais da saúde, especialmente os cirurgiões-dentistas, participem de sua reabilitação. Nesse aspecto, as técnicas de osseointegração têm se destacado na reabilitação desses pacientes como método de fixação, entretanto, nem todos os pacientes podem se beneficiar delas, seja devido a obstáculos financeiros ou a contraindicação inerente à sua condição. O objetivo deste trabalho é descrever o caso da reabilitação de um paciente com perda de grande parte do apêndice nasal devido a um cirurgia oncológica. Paciente do sexo feminino, com 77 anos de idade compareceu apresentando perda de grande parte do apêndice nasal devido a uma cirurgia para ressecção de lesão de câncer de pele seguida de radioterapia adjuvante. A condição sistêmica da paciente contraindicava a realização de cirurgia reparadora e o uso de implantes osseointegráveis. Assim, optou-se pela reabilitação com prótese nasal de resina acrílica óculo-suportada. Em conclusão, com o procedimento empregado, a paciente apresentou melhora em sua respiração, estética e qualidade de vida, favorecendo usa reinserção à vida social(AU)

Face mutilation may occur due to surgical removal of cancer or trauma in the region, with an important aesthetic and functional impairment. Such mutilations cause morphological, functional and psychosocial changes that lead the individual to the social and family isolation, in addition to acquiring the status of stigmatized individual. Therefore, it is an imperative that health professionals, especially dentists, participate in their rehabilitation. Bone integration techniques have excelled in the rehabilitation of these patients as a fixation method; however, not all patients can benefit from it, either because of financial obstacles inherent in their condition or because of contraindication. The objective of this work is to describe the case of a rehabilitated patient with loss of much of the nasal appendage due to cancer surgery. It is a 77-year-old female patient, with loss of much of the nasal appendage due to surgery for resection of a skin cancer lesion, which was subjected to auxiliary radiation therapy and rehabilitation. Surgery and the use of bone-integrable implants were contraindicated due to the patient's overall health. So we opted for the use of a prosthetic acrylic resin nose sustained by eyeglass frames. In conclusion, by means of the procedure used, the patient experiences improvement in breathing, aesthetic appearance, quality of life, which favors her reintegration into the social life(AU)

La mutilación de la cara puede ocurrir debido a la extirpación quirúrgica del cáncer o trauma en la región, con un importante deterioro estético y funcional. Tales mutilaciones causan cambios morfológicos, funcionales y psicosociales que llevan al individuo al aislamiento social y familiar, además de la adquisición de la condición de individuo estigmatizado. Por tanto, es imperativo que los profesionales de la salud, especialmente los dentistas, participen en su rehabilitación. Técnicas de osteointegración se han destacado en la rehabilitación de estos pacientes como método de fijación, sin embargo, no todos los pacientes se pueden beneficiar de ella, ya sea debido a obstáculos financieros o contraindicación inherente a su condición. Constituye objetivo de este trabajo describir el caso de un paciente rehabilidtado con pérdida de gran parte del apéndice nasal debido a una cirugía de cáncer. Se trata de un paciente del sexo femenino, de 77 años de edad, con la pérdida de gran parte del apéndice nasal debido a una cirugía para la resección de la lesión del cáncer de piel, el cual se sometió a radioterapia auxiliar y rehabilitación. La cirugía y el uso de implantes de hueso integrable fueron contraindicados debido a la salud general del paciente. Así que optamos por el uso de una prótesis nasal de resina acrílica sostenida por armaduras de gafas. En conclusión, con el procedimiento empleado, la paciente experimenta mejora en la respiración, la estética, la calidad de vida, lo que favorece su reinserción a la vida social(AU)

Osteomyelitis of the maxilla in a patient with Malignant Infantile Osteopetrosis / La osteomielitis crónica en pacientes con osteopetrosis maligna infantil. Presentación de un caso

Osteopetrosis is characterized by a considerable increase in bone density resulting in defective remodeling, caused by failure in the normal function of osteoclasts, and varies in severity. It is usually subdivided into three types: benign autosomal dominant osteopetrosis; intermediate autosomal recessive osteopetrosis; and malignant autosomal recessive infantile osteopetrosis, considered the most serious type. The authors describe a case of chronic osteomyelitis in the maxilla of a 6-year-old patient with Malignant Infantile Osteopetrosis. The treatment plan included pre-maxilla sequestrectomy and extraction of erupted upper teeth. No surgical procedure was shown to be the best to prevent the progression of oral infection. Taking into account the patient's general condition, if the patient develops severe symptomatic and refractory osteomyelitis surgery should be considered. The patient and his family are aware of the risks and benefits of surgery and its possible complications (AU)

La osteopetrosis se caracteriza por un aumento considerable de la densidad ósea que resulta en un remodelado defectuoso, causado por mal funcionamiento de los osteoclastos, de severidad variable. Usualmente se divide en 3 tipos: osteopetrosis dominante autosómica benigna, osteopetrosis recesiva autosómica intermedia y osteopetrosis infantil recesiva autosómica maligna, considerado el tipo de mayor gravedad. Los autores describen un caso de osteomielitis crónica en el maxilar superior de paciente de 6 años de edad con osteopetrosis infantil maligna. El plan de tratamiento incluyó secuestrectomía y exondoncia de los dientes superiores erupcionados. Ningún procedimento quirúrgico se ha comprobado que sea superior a otros en la prevención del avance de infecciones bucales. Tomando en cuenta las condiciones generales del paciente al desarrollar osteomielitis refractaria y sintomática severa, la cirugía debe ser considerada. El paciente y sus familiares deben ser conscientes de los riesgos y beneficios de la cirugía, así como de sus posibles complicaciones (AU)