ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study's purpose was to compare changes in parent-reported pediatric oral health-related quality of life between children with early childhood caries (ECC) and children who were caries-free; the ECC children received surgical dental intervention between baseline and follow-up. METHODS: A newly developed self-report instrument, the POQL, was administered to 501 parents of 2- to 8-year-old children (caries-free=315; ECC=186) in hospital dental clinics in Columbus, Ohio, and Washington, D.C. RESULTS: At baseline, ECC children were more likely to have fair or poor oral health and were rated as having more pain and trouble with physical, mental, and social functioning due to their teeth or mouth vs caries-free children (P<.001). At 6 and 12 months following dental treatment for ECC, there were significant improvements in parental ratings of their children's oral health status and a significant reduction in problems reported with physical, mental, and social functioning (all P<.001). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with caries-free children, early childhood caries children were more likely to have worse questionnaire response scores and to experience greater negative impacts on physical, mental, and social functioning. Dental interventions in ECC children had a significant positive impact on parental ratings of their overall oral health and physical, mental, and social functioning.
Subject(s)
Dental Caries/surgery , Oral Health , Parents/psychology , Quality of Life , Child , Child, Preschool , Demography , Female , Humans , Infant , Longitudinal Studies , Male , Pain Measurement , Prospective Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Among 1,211 patients hospitalized with documented CAD at either a university hospital or a large suburban community hospital, 36% failed to receive appropriate evaluation and treatment for dyslipidemia. Younger patients, those admitted to a university hospital, and those undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention were substantially more likely to receive appropriate lipid management than other subgroups.
Subject(s)
Diagnosis-Related Groups , Hypercholesterolemia/therapy , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Myocardial Revascularization , Patient Admission , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anticholesteremic Agents/administration & dosage , Cholesterol, LDL/blood , Combined Modality Therapy , Female , Hospitals, Community , Humans , Hypercholesterolemia/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Missouri , Myocardial Infarction/blood , Retrospective Studies , Sex FactorsABSTRACT
Tamoxifen, a synthetic antiestrogen, has been used in the treatment of all stages of breast cancer. The National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project (NSABP) is now in the process of evaluating the role of tamoxifen in the prevention of breast cancer (NSABP P-1 trial). Beneficial effects of tamoxifen in reducing coronary artery disease and preventing bone fractures in postmenopausal women will also be examined. Adjuvant therapy trials conducted during the 1980s provided extensive data on the biologic and possibly toxic effects of tamoxifen. These trials laid the groundwork to support the benefits and risks of the present preventional trial. The NSABP P-1 trial population of 16,000 participants will consist of women > or = 60 years of age and women 35-39 years old who are at increased risk for developing breast cancer. Nursing will play an important role in educating the public and counseling possible trial participants. Nurses monitoring the progress of this trial may witness the use of tamoxifen therapy come full cycle--from a palliative agent used in advanced breast cancer to a therapeutic agent that prevents the development of breast cancer.
