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1.
J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg ; 121(2): 172-174, 2020 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31185300

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Recent paleopathological cases have shown the usefulness of interdisciplinary odontological studies in the investigation of historical figures. OBSERVATION: A macroscopic examination of the mandible of Saint-Louis (13th c. AD), conserved in the cathedral of Notre-Dame (Paris, France) was carried out, and compared with biographical data about the life and death of the King, and contemporaneous cases of infectious/inflammatory diseases. We found post-mortem tooth loss associated with moderate signs of infectious and inflammatory diseases, which precise diagnoses are discussed facing historical chronicles and sources: main diagnosis is scurvy, potentially associated with bacterial infection. DISCUSSION: Our results support the identification of the relics, and improve the knowledge about the saint's circumstances of death related to metabolic deficiencies and infections.


Subject(s)
Mandible , Paleopathology , France , Humans , Retrospective Studies
2.
Forensic Sci Int ; 249: 25-34, 2015 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25647693

ABSTRACT

Two pre-Hispanic mummies from the Andean coast, belonging to a corpus of 16 mummies from the San Miguel de Azapa (Arica, Chile), were radiocarbon dated and analyzed in order to replace them in their historical context and to study the conservation state of the hair fibers and the heavy metal presence. The radiocarbon dating placed both mummies in the Formative period (1700 years BC to 500 years AD). Global and elemental analyses were performed using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. These combined techniques enabled to prove the good global conservation state of the mummies' hair and to detect iron, lead, bromide and also arsenic in some cases, in significant amounts inside the hair fibers. Fourier transformed infra-red spectroscopy seemed to prove the good conservation state of the hair surface at a structural level that is why the conservation of hair proteins at a molecular level will be investigated by a proteomics approach in future work.


Subject(s)
Hair/chemistry , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning/methods , Mummies , Radiometric Dating/methods , Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission/methods , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared/methods , Arsenic/analysis , Arsenic/metabolism , Chile , Humans , Iron/analysis , Lead/analysis , Manganese/analysis , Proteomics/methods
3.
Virchows Arch ; 453(4): 377-86, 2008 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18795323

ABSTRACT

This article describes the potential interest in physical and forensic anthropology of the microscopic analysis of residues of putrefaction fluid, a calcified deposit frequently found associated with bone rests. Its sampling and analysis seem straightforward and relatively reproducible. Samples came from archeological material (Monterenzio Vecchia, an Etruscan necropolis from the north of Italy dated between the fifth and third century B.C.; body rests of Agnès Sorel, royal mistress died in 1450 A.D.; skull and grave of French King Louis the XI and Charlotte of Savoy dated from 1483 A.D.). All samples were studied by direct optical microscope and scanning electron microscopy. Many cytological, histological, and elemental analysis were possible, producing precious data for the identification of these remains and, in some cases, the cause of death.


Subject(s)
Forensic Anthropology/methods , Paleopathology/methods , Postmortem Changes , Embalming/history , Famous Persons , France , History, 15th Century , History, Ancient , Humans , Italy , Lead/chemistry , Microscopy/methods , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning/methods
4.
J Oral Rehabil ; 22(10): 775-80, 1995 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8606336

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of stress on the open-close activity in mastication, using an animal model. For this, we have compared the single-motor activities of three muscles: anterior digastric (AD), anterior temporalis (AT) and the superficial masseter (MS) in different groups of rats classed according to emotional state and dental occlusion. The EMG graphs have been analysed by the method proposed by the Weijs & Dantuma (1975). The results show that a dominant action of the stress on the AD and a combined action of the stress and the occlusal state on AT and MS occur during a single mastication cycle. A suppression of the reflex myotatic inhibition for AT and MS occurred in the presence of an occlusal interference.


Subject(s)
Dental Occlusion, Traumatic/physiopathology , Masticatory Muscles/physiopathology , Neck Muscles/physiopathology , Stress, Psychological/physiopathology , Animals , Electromyography , Female , Male , Mastication , Motor Activity , Rats , Rats, Wistar
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