Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 10 de 10
Filter
Add more filters










Publication year range
1.
World J Clin Oncol ; 13(8): 712-724, 2022 Aug 24.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36160461

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: There are concerns that tamoxifen is less effective in Asian women because of the high prevalence of impaired function cytochrome P450 2D6 (CYP2D6) polymor-phisms. AIM: To evaluate how knowledge of CYP2D6 genotype impacted the choice of hormonal agent and how CYP2D6 genotype and agent were associated with clinical outcomes. METHODS: Eighty-two women were recruited. Seventy-eight completed CYP2D6 genotyping and were categorized into poor, intermediate (IM) and extensive or ultra metabolizer phenotypes. Women with poor metabolizer and IM phenotypes were recommended aromatase inhibitors as the preferred agent. RESULTS: More than 70% of the women had an IM phenotype, 32% an extensive or ultra metabolizer phenotype, and 0% had a poor metabolizer phenotype. Regardless of genotype, more women opted for aromatase inhibitors. Overall, 80% of women completed 5 years of hormonal therapy. Five women developed recurrence, 3 contralateral breast cancer, 5 died, and 1 was diagnosed with a second primary cancer. Five-year recurrence-free and overall survival were slightly better in women with the extensive or ultra metabolizer phenotype compared to those with the IM phenotype, though not statistically significant [P = 0.743, hazard ratio (HR): 1.441, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.191 to 10.17 and P = 0.798, HR: 1.327, 95%CI: 0.172 to 9.915, respectively]. Women receiving aromatase inhibitors also appeared to have a better, but also nonsignificant, 5-year recurrence-free and overall survival (P = 0.253, HR: 0.368, 95%CI: 0.031 to 0.258 and P = 0.292, HR: 0.252, 95%CI: 0.005 to 4.951, respectively). CONCLUSION: The IM phenotype was highly prevalent but was not associated with clinical outcome.

2.
Int J Obes (Lond) ; 43(2): 344-354, 2019 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29453460

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Ghrelin, a stomach-derived hormone implicated in numerous behaviors including feeding, reward, stress, and addictive behaviors, acts by binding to the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR). Here, we present the development, verification, and initial characterization of a novel GHSR knockout (KO) Wistar rat model created with CRISPR genome editing. METHODS: Using CRISPR/Cas9, we developed a GHSR KO in a Wistar background. Loss of GHSR mRNA expression was histologically verified using RNAscope in wild-type (WT; n = 2) and KO (n = 2) rats. We tested the effects of intraperitoneal acyl-ghrelin administration on food consumption and plasma growth hormone (GH) concentrations in WT (n = 8) and KO (n = 8) rats. We also analyzed locomotion, food consumption, and body fat composition in these animals. Body weight was monitored from early development to adulthood. RESULTS: The RNAscope analysis revealed an abundance of GHSR mRNA expression in the hypothalamus, midbrain, and hippocampus in WTs, and no observed probe binding in KOs. Ghrelin administration increased plasma GH levels (p = 0.0067) and food consumption (p = 0.0448) in WT rats but not KOs. KO rats consumed less food overall at basal conditions and weighed significantly less compared with WTs throughout development (p = 0.0001). Compared with WTs, KOs presented higher concentrations of brown adipose tissue (BAT; p = 0.0322). CONCLUSIONS: We have verified GHSR deletion in our KO model using histological, physiological, neuroendocrinological, and behavioral measures. Our findings indicate that GHSR deletion in rats is not only associated with a lack of response to ghrelin, but also associated with decreases in daily food consumption and body growth, and increases in BAT. This GHSR KO Wistar rat model provides a novel tool for studying the role of the ghrelin system in obesity and in a wide range of medical and neuropsychiatric disorders.


Subject(s)
CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics , Gene Knockout Techniques/methods , Receptors, Ghrelin/genetics , Animals , Body Weight/genetics , Brain Chemistry/genetics , Ghrelin/analysis , Male , Rats , Rats, Wistar
3.
Head Neck ; 36(5): 638-42, 2014 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23595941

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Frozen section analysis (FSA) is frequently used in salvage surgery for recurrent or residual nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) after radiotherapy to ensure adequate tumor removal. However, the diagnostic accuracy of FSA in rNPC has never been clearly established. We believe that this is the first study to specifically address these issues. METHODS: Patients with rNPC who underwent nasopharyngectomy in Queen Mary Hospital from 2006 to 2011 were identified. Clinical data, FSA results, and permanent histological results were analyzed. RESULTS: In the tissue-based analysis, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy were 70.6%, 100%, 100%, 95.2%, and 95.7%, respectively. Only 37% of inconclusive FSA turned out negative on permanent histology. Presence of inconclusive (p = .000) or positive (p = .000) FSA results in the same operation significantly lowered the NPV of FSA. CONCLUSION: FSA is useful in ensuring clear resection margins for rNPC. Further resection is advisable in cases of inconclusive FSA results.


Subject(s)
Frozen Sections/methods , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/pathology , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma , Databases, Factual , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Intraoperative Care/methods , Male , Middle Aged , Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma , Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms/mortality , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/mortality , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Neoplasm, Residual/pathology , Neoplasm, Residual/surgery , Predictive Value of Tests , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Sensitivity and Specificity , Survival Analysis , Treatment Outcome
4.
Burns ; 37(1): 177-8; author reply 178-9, 2011 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20843607
5.
Acad Radiol ; 14(12): 1464-74, 2007 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18035276

ABSTRACT

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The Lung Image Database Consortium (LIDC) is developing a publicly available database of thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans as a medical imaging research resource to promote the development of computer-aided detection or characterization of pulmonary nodules. To obtain the best estimate of the location and spatial extent of lung nodules, expert thoracic radiologists reviewed and annotated each scan. Because a consensus panel approach was neither feasible nor desirable, a unique two-phase, multicenter data collection process was developed to allow multiple radiologists at different centers to asynchronously review and annotate each CT scan. This data collection process was also intended to capture the variability among readers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Four radiologists reviewed each scan using the following process. In the first or "blinded" phase, each radiologist reviewed the CT scan independently. In the second or "unblinded" review phase, results from all four blinded reviews were compiled and presented to each radiologist for a second review, allowing the radiologists to review their own annotations together with the annotations of the other radiologists. The results of each radiologist's unblinded review were compiled to form the final unblinded review. An XML-based message system was developed to communicate the results of each reading. RESULTS: This two-phase data collection process was designed, tested, and implemented across the LIDC. More than 500 CT scans have been read and annotated using this method by four expert readers; these scans either are currently publicly available at http://ncia.nci.nih.gov or will be in the near future. CONCLUSIONS: A unique data collection process was developed, tested, and implemented that allowed multiple readers at distributed sites to asynchronously review CT scans multiple times. This process captured the opinions of each reader regarding the location and spatial extent of lung nodules.


Subject(s)
Data Collection/methods , Databases as Topic , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Lung Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Database Management Systems , Humans , Knowledge Bases , Observer Variation , Radiography, Thoracic , Radiology , Radiology Information Systems , Solitary Pulmonary Nodule/diagnostic imaging
6.
Urology ; 41(2): 157-9, 1993 Feb.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8497990

ABSTRACT

Hypernephroma arising in a kidney infiltrated by sarcoidosis is unusual. To date, there has been no such case reported. The hypernephroma was suspected by the presence of localized parenchymal calcifications and confirmed by selective renal angiography.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Renal Cell/complications , Kidney Diseases/complications , Kidney Neoplasms/complications , Sarcoidosis/complications , Carcinoma, Renal Cell/diagnosis , Female , Humans , Kidney Diseases/diagnosis , Kidney Neoplasms/diagnosis , Middle Aged , Sarcoidosis/diagnosis
8.
Tex Med ; 69(3): 87-9, 1973 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-4690805
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...