ABSTRACT
Looking for additional symptoms and signs of the iridoplegia-areflexia-syndrome referable to its unknown etiology we have found spotlike trigeminal numbness, edema, and/or redness suggestive of herpetic origin and more often common signs of herpes simplex virus-infection (HSVI). Indeed the whole picture of the syndrome as we see and describe it, can be explained by typical features of the HSVI. These include persisting HSVI of only the distal sensible or vegetative neurones and recurrence of infection with further destruction of ganglia-cells. These criteria are also decisive whether symptoms and signs may belong to the syndrome or not. To prove the hypothesis of HSVI etiology through other means is a necessity but seems to be difficult.
Subject(s)
Adie Syndrome/diagnosis , Herpes Simplex/diagnosis , Humans , Neurologic Examination , Reflex, PupillaryABSTRACT
On the basis of the foudroyant course of a streptococci-meningococci-sepsis in a 19-year-old splenectomized patient the importance of the spleen as an organ of important defence functions is described and the organ-preserving surgical treatment as prophylaxis of the OPSI-syndrome is demanded.
Subject(s)
Meningococcal Infections/pathology , Postoperative Complications/pathology , Shock, Septic/pathology , Splenectomy , Streptococcal Infections/pathology , Waterhouse-Friderichsen Syndrome/pathology , Adult , Humans , Male , Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathologyABSTRACT
In radicular disturbances not only the autonomous reflexes of the appertaining muscles may be weakened or extinguished, but those of the antagonists may also be accentuated. In case of an L4 or an L5 syndrome the observation of these signs may give additional differential-diagnostic criteria.
Subject(s)
Radiculopathy/physiopathology , Reflex, Abnormal/physiopathology , Spinal Nerve Roots/physiopathology , Humans , Intervertebral Disc Displacement/physiopathology , Leg/innervation , Lumbar Vertebrae/physiopathology , Muscles/innervation , Paralysis/physiopathologyABSTRACT
By comparative sonographic and myelographic investigations of 61 patients with lumbar disc herniations and other nerval compressive syndromes, the value of the spinal sonography in the diagnosis of lumbar disc herniation is demonstrated. The transversal transabdominal representation of lumbar disc herniations is successful in 82% of all cases. The sensitivity of sonography amounts to 0.73 in the segment L5/S1 and to 0.92 in the segment L4/5. In connection with the neurological investigation and X-ray films of the lumbar spine, the spinal sonography as a noninvasive procedure can represent an useful alternative to the myelographic diagnosis of the lumbar disc herniation.
Subject(s)
Intervertebral Disc Displacement/pathology , Lumbar Vertebrae/pathology , Ultrasonography , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Myelography , Nerve Compression Syndromes/pathology , Spinal Nerve Roots/pathology , Spinal Stenosis/pathologyABSTRACT
The stretch-reflex of the extensor hallucis muscle will only become apparent when in case of an upper motor neuron lesion the extensor hallucis response is stimulated simultaneously. This extrinsic-intrinsic combinative reflex may be useful to elicit a latent extensor response or to prove a doubtful one.
Subject(s)
Pyramidal Tracts/physiopathology , Reflex, Abnormal , Reflex, Babinski , Reflex, Stretch , Humans , Muscle Tonus , Reaction Time/physiology , Toes/innervationABSTRACT
The results of stimulation threshold analysis carried out in 230 patients after the initial electrode implantation, and in 188 patients during pacemaker replacement, are presented. The electrodes investigated were the IE-60K-10 (279 cases), the IE-60-K (96 cases) and the ME-50 (26 cases). The chronic stimulation threshold voltage for the electrode IE-60K-10 (electrode surface area: 10 mm2) at a pulse width of 0.5 ms, after an electrode function time of 25 months, is 2.05 +/- 0.18 V, representing 256% of the acute threshold, and is equally as high as the chronic figure for the IE-60-K electrode (surface area: 27 mm2) measured at 2.08 +/- 0.20 V. The current threshold for the IE-60K-10 increased from 0.78 +/- 0.07 mA by 299% to 2.33 +/- 0.30 mA and was thus, as expected, lower than that of the large area electrode IE-60-K, which increased from 1.11 +/- 0.22 mA to 3.23 +/- 0.43 mA (291%). On the basis of the computation of the stimulation threshold energy and the stimulation threshold charge, a reduction of pulse duration to below 0.5 ms would not appear to make such energy-saving sense.
