ABSTRACT
We describe our experience with anesthesia for airway endoscopy in 60 patients, aged to 10 years. Urgent or out-patient endoscopies were performed during removal of foreign bodies from the airway tract or during "dynamic" pathological diagnosis (laryngomalacia, vocal cord paralysis, tracheomalacia, tracheal/bronchial dyskinesia). Isoflurane induction and local anesthesia of the vocal cords allowed sufficient ventilation and oxygenation of anesthetized spontaneously breathing patients. This anesthetic procedure is suitable in high risk patients like newborns and small children. This technique supports the cardiocirculatory and blood gas analytic parameters, maintaining low airway pressures while depressing respiratory reflexes.
Subject(s)
Anesthesia/methods , Bronchoscopy , Child, Preschool , Humans , InfantSubject(s)
Assisted Circulation , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/instrumentation , Heart Diseases/therapy , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Emergencies , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle AgedABSTRACT
The Authors present three respiratory parameters useful to estimate the respiratory and hemodynamic conditions of a cardiac patients before these turn into obvious pathological clinical pictures. The parameters are: alveolar-arterial oxygen difference, respiratory index and arterial-venous pulmonary shunts. The sophisticated mathematic calculations necessary to calculate and to elaborate such data are made, in few seconds, by a minicomputer which is very easy to work with. A clinical example in which the above-mentioned data have been employed helps to demonstrate their extreme usefulness.
