ABSTRACT
Introducción: La recomendación de la vacunación frente a la tosferina en embarazadas se instauró en Cataluña en febrero del 2014. El objetivo del presente estudio fue comparar la tasa de hospitalización por tosferina en niños menores de un año de edad antes y después de la implantación del programa de vacunación. Métodos: Estudio observacional y retrospectivo de pacientes menores de un año ingresados con diagnóstico de tosferina. Se comparó la tasa de hospitalización del periodo previo al programa de vacunación (2008-2013) con la del periodo con programa de vacunación (2014-2019) en el total de menores de un año y en 2subgrupos: en menores de 3 meses y en lactantes de 3 a 11 meses. Resultados: La tasa de hospitalización fue significativamente menor en el periodo con programa de vacunación en menores de un año y en menores de 3 meses (2,43 vs. 4,72 por 1.000 personas-año y 6,47 vs. 13,11 por 1.000 personas-año, respectivamente). Las razones de tasas entre períodos fueron: 0,51 (IC del 95%, 0,36-0,73) para los menores de un año; 0,49 (IC del 95%, 0,32-0,75) para los menores de 3 meses y 0,56 (IC del 95%, 0,30-1,03) para los de 3-11 meses. No se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas en la gravedad de los cuadros clínicos de los pacientes entre ambos periodos. Conclusión: La instauración del programa de vacunación contra la tosferina en embarazadas se ha asociado a una menor tasa de hospitalización por tosferina de forma global en los menores de un año de edad y específicamente en los menores de 3 meses.(AU)
Introduction: The recommendation for pertussis vaccination in pregnancy was established in Catalonia in February 2014. The objective of this study was to compare the hospitalization rate for pertussis in children under one year of age before and after the implementation of the vaccination program. Methods: Observational and retrospective study of patients under one year of age admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of pertussis. The hospitalization rate of patients under one year of age of the period prior to the vaccination program (2008-2013) was compared with the period with vaccination program (2014-2019) in the total of children under one year of age and in 2subgroups: children under 3 months and between 3-11 months. Results: Hospitalization rate was significantly lower in the period with vaccination program in children under one year of age and specifically in children under 3 months (2.43 vs. 4.72 per 1,000 person-years and 6.47 vs. 13.11 per 1,000 person-years, respectively). The rate ratios were: 0.51 (95% CI 0.36-0.73) for children under one year of age; 0.49 (95% CI 0.32-0.75) for those younger than 3 months and 0.56 (95% CI 0.30-1.03) for those with 3-11 months. No statistically significant differences were observed in the clinical severity between both periods. Conclusion: The introduction of the pertussis vaccination program in pregnancy was associated with a global lower hospitalization rate for pertussis in children under one year of age and specifically in those under 3 months of age.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Whooping Cough/diagnosis , Vaccination , Hospitalization , Pregnant Women , Bordetella pertussis , Pediatrics , Retrospective Studies , Spain , Microbiology , Communicable DiseasesABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The recommendation for pertussis vaccination in pregnancy was established in Catalonia in February 2014. The objective of this study was to compare the hospitalisation rate for pertussis in children under one year of age before and after the implementation of the vaccination programme. METHODS: Observational and retrospective study of patients under one year of age admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of pertussis. The hospitalisation rate of patients under one year of age of the period prior to the vaccination programme (2008-2013) was compared with the period with vaccination programme (2014-2019) in the total of children under one year of age and in 2 subgroups: children under 3 months and between 3-11 months. RESULTS: Hospitalization rate was significantly lower in the period with vaccination programme in children under one year of age and specifically in children under 3 months (2.43 vs. 4.72 per 1000 person-years and 6.47 vs. 13.11 per 1000 person-years, respectively). The rate ratios were: 0.51 (95% CI 0.36-0.73) for children under one year of age; 0.49 (95% CI 0.32-0.75) for those younger than 3 months and 0.56 (95% CI 0.30-1.03) for those with 3-11 months. No statistically significant differences were observed in the clinical severity between both periods. CONCLUSION: The introduction of the pertussis vaccination programme in pregnancy was associated with a global lower hospitalisation rate for pertussis in children under one year of age and specifically in those under 3 months of age.
Subject(s)
Whooping Cough , Child , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Whooping Cough/epidemiology , Whooping Cough/prevention & control , Whooping Cough/diagnosis , Pregnant Women , Tertiary Care Centers , Retrospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology , HospitalizationABSTRACT
Objective: We describe and analyze the childhood (<18 years) COVID-19 incidence in Catalonia, Spain, during the first 36 weeks of the 2020-2021 school-year and to compare it with the incidence in adults. Methods: Data on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) tests were obtained from the Catalan Agency for Quality and Health Assessment. Overall, 7,203,663 SARS-CoV-2 tests were performed, of which 491,819 were positive (6.8%). We collected epidemiological data including age-group incidence, diagnostic effort, and positivity rate per 100,000 population to analyze the relative results for these epidemiological characteristics. Results: Despite a great diagnostic effort among children, with a difference of 1,154 tests per 100,000 population in relation to adults, the relative incidence of SARS-CoV-2 for <18 years was slightly lower than for the general population, and it increased with the age of the children. Additionally, positivity of SARS-CoV-2 in children (5.7%) was lower than in adults (7.2%), especially outside vacation periods, when children were attending school (4.9%). Conclusions: A great diagnostic effort, including mass screening and systematic whole-group contact tracing when a positive was detected in the class group, was associated with childhood SARS-CoV-2 incidence and lower positivity rate in the 2020-2021 school year. Schools have been a key tool in epidemiological surveillance rather than being drivers of SARS-CoV-2 incidence in Catalonia, Spain.
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: The recommendation for pertussis vaccination in pregnancy was established in Catalonia in February 2014. The objective of this study was to compare the hospitalization rate for pertussis in children under one year of age before and after the implementation of the vaccination program. METHODS: Observational and retrospective study of patients under one year of age admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of pertussis. The hospitalization rate of patients under one year of age of the period prior to the vaccination program (2008-2013) was compared with the period with vaccination program (2014-2019) in the total of children under one year of age and in 2subgroups: children under 3 months and between 3-11 months. RESULTS: Hospitalization rate was significantly lower in the period with vaccination program in children under one year of age and specifically in children under 3 months (2.43 vs. 4.72 per 1,000 person-years and 6.47 vs. 13.11 per 1,000 person-years, respectively). The rate ratios were: 0.51 (95% CI 0.36-0.73) for children under one year of age; 0.49 (95% CI 0.32-0.75) for those younger than 3 months and 0.56 (95% CI 0.30-1.03) for those with 3-11 months. No statistically significant differences were observed in the clinical severity between both periods. CONCLUSION: The introduction of the pertussis vaccination program in pregnancy was associated with a global lower hospitalization rate for pertussis in children under one year of age and specifically in those under 3 months of age.
