ABSTRACT
While a number of studies have documented higher period prevalence rates of depression among single as compared to married mothers, all of the data have been based upon community surveys of mental illness. In Canada, all of the published work comes from Ontario. As a result, we do not know whether these results hold true for other regions of the country. Using a nationally representative sample, we find, consistent with previous work, that single mothers have almost double the 12-month prevalence rates of married mothers (15.4% versus 6.8%). As well, there are no significant differences in rates of depression between single and married mothers by region/province of the country. Our findings are compared with other epidemiologic data on the mental health of single mothers from Ontario.
Subject(s)
Depressive Disorder/epidemiology , Marital Status , Mothers/psychology , Single Parent/psychology , Adolescent , Adult , Canada/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Multivariate Analysis , Odds Ratio , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Does voluntary association reduce psychological distress and can these effects be distinguished from the more commonly recognized benefits of social support? This paper attempts to answer this question by reporting the results of an investigation, guided by the stress process model, into the effects of voluntary group membership on psychological distress. I conducted this research through a secondary analysis of a community sample of 850 persons residing in southwestern Ontario in 1984. I find that voluntary group membership results in a reduction in depressive symptoms for men and women ranging in age from 22-89. In addition, voluntary group members suffer lower levels of depressive symptoms in the presence of increasing stress burdens than do those who are not group members, indicating stress buffering effects. Controlling for individual psychosocial resources including mastery, self-esteem, and social support does not reduce these effects, thus leading to the conclusion that voluntary association membership itself makes a unique contribution to distress reduction.
