Characterization of Cervus timorensis velvet antler and its effect on biofilm formation of Candida species.

Oral biofilms comprise extracellular polysaccharides and polymicrobial microorganisms. The objectives of the study were to characterize the deer velvet antler (DVA) compounds and their effect on Candida species biofilm formation with the hypothesis that DVA inhibits the biofilm of Candida spp. Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) was conducted to characterize the DVA compounds. To study the effect of DVA on biofilm, Candida albicans ATCC MYA-4901 (ALT5), AIDS isolate (ALC2), oral cancer isolate (ALC3), C. dubliniensis ATCC MYA-2975, C. glabrata ATCC 90030, C. krusei 14 243, C. lusitaniae ATCC 34449, C. parapsilosis ATCC 22019, and C. tropicalis ATCC 13803 were inoculated with DVA in separate wells of a 96-well plate containing RPMI-1640 followed by 72 h incubation. A total of 45 compounds were detected in the DVA extract. C. lusitaniae exhibited a higher percentage of biofilm biomass reduction when treated with DVA extract (66.10% ± 5.33), followed by ALC3 (44.12% ± 6.24). However, C. glabrata, C. krusei, and C. parapsilosis showed no reduction in biofilm biomass after being treated with DVA extract. Most Candida strains also exhibited decreased total cell count when treated with DVA extract, except for ALC3 and C. krusei. ALT5 had the lowest total cell count (0.17 × 105 cells/ml) when cultured with DVA extract. In conclusion, DVA extract inhibits Candida spp. biofilm formation except for C. glabrata, C. krusei, and C. parapsilosis.

The study determines deer velvet antler (DVA) compounds and their effect on Candida species biofilm formation. A total of 45 compounds were detected in the DVA extract. Most Candida spp. exhibited a higher percentage of biofilm reduction and decreased total cell count when treated with DVA extract.

Synbiotic Musa acuminata skin extract and Streptococcus salivarius K12 inhibit candida species biofilm formation.

This study aimed to determine the effect of synbiotic Musa acuminata skin extract (MASE) and Streptococcus salivarius K12 (K12) on Candida species biofilm formation. Liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight (LC-Q-TOF-MS) was conducted to characterize MASE. To determine the effect of synbiotic on Candida biofilm, 200 µL of RPMI-1640 containing Candida, K12, and MASE were pipetted into the same well and incubated at 37 °C for 72 h. A similar protocol was repeated with K12 or MASE to determine the probiotic and prebiotic effects, respectively. Dimorphism, biofilm biomass, and Candida total cell count (TCC) were determined. A total of 60 compounds were detected in MASE. C. albicans (ALT5) and Candida lusitaniae exhibited the highest reduction in biofilm biomass when co-cultured with prebiotic (77.70 ± 7.67%) and synbiotic (97.73 ± 0.28%), respectively. All Candida spp. had decreased TCC and hyphae when co-cultured with synbiotic. In conclusion, MASE and K12 inhibit Candida biofilm formation.

Streptococcus salivarius K12 inhibits Candida albicans aggregation, biofilm formation and dimorphism.

Candida albicans causes candidiasis, particularly in immunocompromised patients. Streptococcus salivarius K12 (K12) is a probiotic isolated from a healthy oral cavity. The study aimed to determine the effect of K12 on C. albicans aggregation, biofilm formation and dimorphism. C. albicans ATCC MYA-4901, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) isolate (ALC2), and oral cancer isolate (ALC3) and K12 were used in the study. All C. albicans strains and K12 were grown in yeast peptone dextrose agar and brain heart infusion agar, respectively, prior to aggregation, biofilm and dimorphism assays. Auto-aggregation of C. albicans MYA-4901 and ALC2 was categorised as high, while the co-aggregation of the strains was low in the presence of K12. C. albicans total cell count decreased significantly when co-cultured with K12 compared with monocultured C. albicans biofilm (p < 0.05). Inhibition of yeast-to-hyphae transition was also observed when co-cultured with K12. In conclusion, K12 inhibits C. albicans aggregation, biofilm formation and dimorphism.

LC-MS Data set on the Malayan Deer (Cervus timorensis) Antler Velvet and its antibiofilm activity against Candida species: LC-MS Data set on the Malayan Deer (Cervus timorensis) Antler Velvet and its antibiofilm properties against Candida species.

Deer antler velvet (DAV) has been traditionally used in Chinese medicine, including treatment on toothache [1]. Due to its rapid and regenerative capacity, deer antlers were proposed to be the good model for bone remodelling in mammals [2]. The data presented in this work is on the liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry (LC-MS) profile and bioactive potential of Malayan deer antler velvet (DAV) on different Candida species that has clinical importance. Aqueous extraction of DAV samples was subjected to Liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS) profiling. Reverse phase (RP) separation was used due to the process extraction using water as a solvent to separate polar compound. The data was interpreted using Profile Analysis 2.1V. The DAV samples were also tested for the effect on the biofilm formation of seven Candida species in a 96 well plate [3]. The biofilms were developed for 72 h in aerobic environment. Following that, the biofilms biomass was determined using crystal violet assay.

Probiotic inhibits oral carcinogenesis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVES: This systematic review aimed to investigate the effects if probiotics can inhibit oral carcinogenesis. DESIGN: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and PLOS databases were searched up to February 2020 to identify randomised controlled trials that fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Tool was used for quality assessment of articles. This review was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA-P) 2015 protocol guidelines. RESULT: The initial search retrieved 774 articles. Of these, only five articles were included in the qualitative synthesis. Two out of the five papers were further analysed for quantitative synthesis in meta-analysis. The majority of the included studies were found to be of "moderate quality". The qualitative synthesis found four probiotics that exhibited potential therapeutic effects in oral carcinogenesis, includingAcetobacter syzygii, AJ2, Lactobacillus plantarum, and Lactobacillus salivarius REN. Among them, the application of L. salivarius REN resulted in a 95 % lower risk for developing oral cancer (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: It is known that probiotics have the potential to inhibit oral carcinogenesis, thus supporting the hypothesis of the study. The ability of L. salivarius REN to inhibit the development of oral cancer suggested that this bacterium can be a potential inhibitory agent against oral carcinogenesis.