Specific IgE and Basophil Activation Test by Microarray: A Promising Tool for Diagnosis of Platinum Compound Hypersensitivity Reactions.

Drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHRs) to platinum-based compounds (PCs) are on the rise, and their personalized and safe management is essential to enable first-line treatment for these cancer patients. This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of the basophil activation test by flow cytometry (BAT-FC) and the newly developed sIgE-microarray and BAT-microarray in diagnosing IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to PCs. A total of 24 patients with DHRs to PCs (20 oxaliplatin and four carboplatin) were evaluated: thirteen patients were diagnosed as allergic with positive skin tests (STs) or drug provocation tests (DPTs), six patients were diagnosed as non-allergic with negative STs and DPTs, and five patients were classified as suspected allergic because DPTs could not be performed. In addition, four carboplatin-tolerant patients were included as controls. The BAT-FC was positive in 2 of 13 allergic patients, with a sensitivity of 15.4% and specificity of 100%. However, the sIgE- and BAT-microarray were positive in 11 of 13 DHR patients, giving a sensitivity of over 84.6% and a specificity of 90%. Except for one patient, all samples from the non-allergic and control groups were negative for sIgE- and BAT-microarray. Our experience indicated that the sIgE- and BAT-microarray could be helpful in the endophenotyping of IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reactions to PCs and may provide an advance in decision making for drug provocation testing.

BET inhibitors induce NF-κB and E2F downregulation in Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells.

The prognosis of patients with relapsed and/or refractory classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) continues to be poor. Therefore, there is a continuing need to develop novel therapies and to rationalize the use of target combinations. In recent years there has been growing interest in epigenetic targets for hematological malignancies under the rationale of the presence of common alterations in epigenetic transcriptional regulation. Since Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells have frequent inactivating mutations of the CREBBP and EP300 acetyltransferases, bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) inhibitors can be a rational therapy for cHL. Here we aimed to confirm the efficacy of BET inhibitors (iBETs) using representative cell models and functional experiments, and to further explore biological mechanisms under iBET treatment using whole-transcriptome analyses. Our results reveal cytostatic rather than cytotoxic activity through the induction of G1/S and G2/M cell-cycle arrest, in addition to variable MYC downregulation. Additionally, massive changes in the transcriptome induced by the treatment include downregulation of relevant pathways in cHL disease: NF-kB and E2F, among others. Our findings support the therapeutic use of iBETs in selected cHL patients and reveal previously unknown biological mechanisms and consequences of pan-BET inhibition.

Myositis autoantibodies detected by line blot immunoassay: clinical associations and correlation with antibody signal intensity.

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between myositis specific (MSA) and myositis associated (MAA) antibodies and diagnosis (including idiopathic inflammatory myopathies [IIM] and other systemic autoimmune diseases [SAID]), and to explore the impact of antibody signal intensity in diagnostic accuracy. We retrospectively reviewed all the serum samples obtained from patients tested for MSA/MAA by line immunoassay (LIA) between 01/01/2018 and 31/12/2020 in Ramón y Cajal University Hospital (Spain). Clinical true positive (CTP) MSAs and MAAs were defined as those patients with IIM or SAID with phenotypes expected of that MSA/MAA. Patients who did not have a phenotype compatible with that antibody were classified as clinical false positive (CFP). One hundred and thirty positive samples were analysed. Forty-six patients (33.38%) were classified as IIM, forty-two (32.3%) as SAID and forty-two (32.3%) as non-IIM/SAID. Among these 130 patients, 164 MSA/MAA were detected. Eighty-five (51.8%) positive MSA/MAA were classified as CTP, and seventy-nine (48.2%) as CFP. Strongly positive antibodies were more frequently CTP (35/47, 74.5%) than weak positives (54/68, 36.8%), (p ˂ 0.001). Antibodies classified as CTP had a higher signal intensity than CFP (36.77 AU vs 20.00 AU, CI95% 7.79-22.09, p ˂ 0.001). The probability of a CFP was associated to negative ANA, low ANA titer, and multiple positive MSA/MAA (p Ë‚ 0.001). In this study, we confirmed that CFP results using LIA are frequent, and are associated with low signal intensity MSA/MAA, negative ANA, lower titer ANA, and with multiple positive samples.

Revisiting immunological and clinical aspects of membranous nephropathy.

Idiopathic or primary membranous nephropathy (IMN) is one of the most frequent causes of nephrotic syndrome in adults and the elderly. It is characterized by a thickening of the wall of the glomerular capillaries due to the presence of immune complex deposits. 85% of membranous nephropathy cases are classified as primary or idiopathic (IMN). The rest are of secondary origin (SMN), caused by autoimmune conditions or malignant tumors as lung cancer, colon and melanomas. It is an organ-specific autoimmune disease in which the complement system plays an important role with the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC; C5b-9), which produces an alteration of the podocyte structure. The antigen responsible for 70-80% of IMN is a podocyte protein called M-type phospholipase A2 receptor (PLA2R). More recently, another podocyte antigen has been identified, the "Thrombospondin type-1 domain-containing 7A" (THSD7A), which is responsible for 10% of the cases of negative IMN for anti- PLA2R.

Comparison of 3 anti-PLA2R inmmunoassaysfor the diagnosis of idiopathic membranous nephropathy in an european population. A pilot study.

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the most frequent causes of nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy is nowadays the gold standard for the diagnosis of MN. The presence of circulating PLA2R antibody is a very specific tool for the diagnosis of this disease, especially associated with primary or idiopathic MN (IMN), even though it can be also found in a small proportion of patients with secondary MN (SMN). This pilot study compares three different techniques for the detection of anti-PLA2R autoantibodies (immunofluorescence, ELISA immunoassay, and multiplex laser bead technology). Serum of 12 IMN and 9 SMN patients was obtained at diagnosis. Additionally, we employed serum samples of 15 healthy volunteers. From our patient cohort, we obtained a 7.75 RU/ml cut-off for the ELISA and 3104 MFI for the Luminex assays. The agreement between the three techniques improved considerably when applying the new cut-off points. As several authors have suggested, cut-offs may be calculated for each specific population instead of establishing global cut-off points. Patients with IMN showed significantly lower serum albumin levels and higher 24 h proteinuria compared to those with SMN. Analysis of ROC curves suggests that ELISA and LUMINEX assays are more useful than biochemical variables to differentiate patients with IMN and SMN. This pilot study contributes to confirming that the combination of ELISA and Luminex assays provide excellent sensitivity and specificity for the identification of IMN.

IL-6-based mortality prediction model for COVID-19: Validation and update in multicenter and second wave cohorts.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly variable condition. Validated tools to assist in the early detection of patients at high risk of mortality can help guide medical decisions. OBJECTIVE: We sought to validate externally, as well as in patients from the second pandemic wave in Europe, our previously developed mortality prediction model for hospitalized COVID-19 patients. METHODS: Three validation cohorts were generated: 2 external with 185 and 730 patients from the first wave and 1 internal with 119 patients from the second wave. The probability of death was calculated for all subjects using our prediction model, which includes peripheral blood oxygen saturation/fraction of inspired oxygen ratio, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, lactate dehydrogenase, IL-6, and age. Discrimination and calibration were evaluated in the validation cohorts. The prediction model was updated by reestimating individual risk factor effects in the overall cohort (N = 1477). RESULTS: The mortality prediction model showed good performance in the external validation cohorts 1 and 2, and in the second wave validation cohort 3 (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve, 0.94, 0.86, and 0.86, respectively), with excellent calibration (calibration slope, 0.86, 0.94, and 0.79; intercept, 0.05, 0.03, and 0.10, respectively). The updated model accurately predicted mortality in the overall cohort (area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve, 0.91), which included patients from both the first and second COVID-19 waves. The updated model was also useful to predict fatal outcome in patients without respiratory distress at the time of evaluation. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first COVID-19 mortality prediction model validated in patients from the first and second pandemic waves. The COR+12 online calculator is freely available to facilitate its implementation (https://utrero-rico.shinyapps.io/COR12_Score/).

The Impact of Immunosuppression and Autoimmune Disease on Severe Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19.

Immunosuppression (IS) and autoimmune disease (AD) are prevalent in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), but their impact on its clinical course is unknown. We investigated relationships between IS, AD, and outcomes in patients hospitalized with COVID-19. Data on consecutive admissions for COVID-19 were extracted retrospectively from medical records. Patients were assigned to one of four cohorts, according to whether or not they had an AD (AD and NAD) or were immunosuppressed (IS and NIS). The primary endpoint was development of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS); secondary endpoints included death, and a composite of mechanical ventilation (MV) or death. A total of 789 patients were included: 569 (72.1%) male, 76 (9.6%) with an AD, and 63 (8.0%) with IS. Relative to the NIS-NAD cohort, patients in the IS-AD cohort had a significantly reduced risk of severe ARDS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.23-0.80; p = 0.008). No significant relationships between IS or AD status and either death or the composite of MV and death were identified, although a trend towards higher mortality was identified in the IS-NAD cohort (aHR vs NIS-NAD 1.71; 95% CI 0.94-3.12; p = 0.081). Patients in this cohort also had higher median serum levels of interleukin-6 compared with IS-AD patients (98.2 vs 21.6 pg/mL; p = 0.0328) and NIS-NAD patients (29.1 pg/mL; p = 0.0057). In conclusion, among patients hospitalized with COVID-19, those receiving immunosuppressive treatment for an AD may have a reduced risk of developing severe ARDS.

Energy Dissipation and Decoherence in Solid-State Quantum Devices: Markovian versus non-Markovian Treatments.

The design and optimization of new-generation solid-state quantum hardware absolutely requires reliable dissipation versus decoherence models. Depending on the device operational condition, the latter may range from Markov-type schemes (both phenomenological- and microscopic- like) to quantum-kinetic approaches. The primary goal of this paper is to review in a cohesive way virtues versus limitations of the most popular approaches, focussing on a few critical issues recently pointed out (see, e.g., Phys. Rev. B 90, 125140 (2014); Eur. Phys. J. B 90, 250 (2017)) and linking them within a common framework. By means of properly designed simulated experiments of a prototypical quantum-dot nanostructure (described via a two-level electronic system coupled to a phonon bath), we shall show that both conventional (i.e., non-Lindblad) Markov models and density-matrix-based non-Markov approaches (i.e., quantum-kinetic treatments) may lead to significant positivity violations. While for the former case the problem is easily avoidable by choosing genuine Lindblad-type dissipation models, for the latter, a general strategy is still missing.

Pénfigo paraneoplásico secundario a síndrome de Sézary: presentación de un caso / No disponible

No disponible

Solutions to Avoid False Positives for Rituximab in Pre-Transplant Crossmatches.

Rituximab (anti-CD20) is commonly used as immunotherapy against B cells, in the context of pre-transplant crossmatches, where the presence of rituximab in the tested sera with donor cells can alter their results both by flow cytometry (FCXM) as complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDCXM) giving rise to false positives. In the present study, we tested the use of an anti-rituximab monoclonal antibody (10C5, Abnova) as a method to avoid false positives in FCXM and CDCXM. We used the serum from ten patients who received therapy with rituximab, and the cells were incubated with sera treated or untreated with the 10C5 clone. In previous studies, attempts have been made to control these false positives through the use of pronase, although in these cases the alteration of Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) molecules has been found to be a limitation. As an alternative, we performed an assay to exclude false positives by a pre-incubation with anti-rituximab antibody (10C5) in 1:5 proportion avoiding the misinterpretation of crossmatches, particularly in patients with specific donor antibodies (DSA) without affecting the HLA molecules.

Possible role of HLA class-I genotype in SARS-CoV-2 infection and progression: A pilot study in a cohort of Covid-19 Spanish patients.

Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) includes a large set of genes with important actions in immune response against viral infection. Numerous studies have revealed the existence of significant associations between certain HLA alleles and the susceptibility and prognosis of different infectious diseases. In this pilot study we analyse the binding affinity between 66 class I HLA alleles and SARS-CoV-2 viral peptides, and its association with the severity of the disease. A total of 45 Spanish patients with mild, moderate and severe SARS-CoV-2 infection were typed for HLA class I; after that, we analysed if an in silico model of HLA I-viral peptide binding affinity and classical HLA supertypes could be correlated to the severity of the disease. Our results suggest that patients with mild disease present Class I HLA molecules with a higher theoretical capacity for binding SARS-Cov-2 peptides and showed greater heterozygosity when comparing them with moderate and severe groups. In this regard, identifying HLA-SARS-CoV-2 peptides binding differences between individuals would help to clarify the heterogeneity of clinical responses to the disease and will also be useful to guide a personalized treatment according to its particular risk.

Significações de criança/infância no universo das canções de Chico Buarque – momentos da vida / Significations of child/childhood in the universe of songs by Chico Buarque - moments of life / Niño e infancia y sus significados en el universo de las canciones de Chico Buarque - momentos de la vida

As expressões artísticas constituem e são constituídas pelos contextos sociais e históricos, contribuindo para uma compreensão ampliada das realidades. Refletindo sobre as significações de infância e criança nas canções de Chico Buarque, este estudo efetivou: pesquisa bibliográfica sobre arte e realidade social, infância e ser criança, escuta e reescuta do conjunto de suas canções desde a década de 1960 a 2000. Submetemos os dados construídos à análise de conteúdo temática, emergindo, desse modo, as seguintes categorias: brincadeira, características da infância, cuidados e descuidos, infâncias, momentos da vida. Neste artigo, apresentaremos e discutiremos a categoria "momentos da vida". Encontramos que ser criança faz-se esperança; ser adulto e velho não. Ao adulto cabe trabalho e cuidado; ao velho, desesperança, tristeza e cansaço.

Artistic expressions build and are built by social and historical contexts, contributing to a broad understanding of realities. This study, reflecting on the meanings of childhood and child in Chico Buarque’s songs, performed: bibliographic research on art and social reality, childhood and being a child, listening, and re-listening to a set of this artist’s songs from the 1960s to 2000s. We submitted the obtained data to thematic content analysis, where the following categories emerged: plays, childhood characteristics, care and carelessness, childhoods, and moments of life. In this study, we display and discuss the category "moments of life". Thus, we realize that being a child turns into hope, being adults and elders do not. The adult faces work and care; the elderly, hopelessness, sadness and fatigue.

Las expresiones artísticas constituyen y son constituidas por los contextos sociales e históricos. En la búsqueda de comprender los significados de infancia y de niño en las canciones de Chico Buarque, este estudio realizó: investigación bibliográfica sobre el arte y la realidad social, niñez y ser niño, escuchar y volver a escuchar al conjunto de sus canciones, desde la década de 1960 hasta la década de 2000. Presentamos datos incorporados al análisis de contenido temático, que emerge de las siguientes categorías: juguete, características de la infancia, cuidado y descuidos, infancia, momentos de la vida. En este artículo, vamos a presentar y analizar la categoría "momentos de la vida". Por lo tanto, descubrimos que el ser niño se hace la esperanza. Ser adulto y viejo, no. Al adulto cabe destacar el trabajo y el cuidado del otro; al viejo, la desesperanza, la tristeza y la fatiga.

Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Encephalitis as Paraneoplastic Manifestation of Germ-Cells Tumours: A Cases Report and Literature Review.

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis is the most common form of autoimmune encephalitis, caused by the interaction between an antibody and its target, located on glutamate receptor type N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) of neuronal surface. There is a wide spectrum of clinical features starting by a viral-like prodrome, followed by symptoms such as psychosis, aggressive behaviour, memory loss, seizures, movement disorders, and autonomic instability. Up to 50% of the affected young female patients have germ-cells tumours as ovarian teratoma, making it essential to establish an early diagnosis through detection of specific antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This retrospective observational study was performed in patients whom positive anti-NMDA receptor antibodies have been tested, associated with clinical manifestations that suggest autoimmune encephalitis and a germ-cell tumour confirmed by pathology. Six patients have tested positive for anti-NMDA receptor antibodies associated with a germ-cell tumour and clinical manifestations of autoimmune encephalitis. Management includes aggressive immunosuppression and surgical removal.

Microscopic Theory of Energy Dissipation and Decoherence in Solid-State Quantum Devices: Need for Nonlocal Scattering Models.

Energy dissipation and decoherence in state-of-the-art quantum nanomaterials and related nanodevices are routinely described and simulated via local scattering models, namely relaxation-time and Boltzmann-like schemes. The incorporation of such local scattering approaches within the Wigner-function formalism may lead to anomalous results, such as suppression of intersubband relaxation, incorrect thermalization dynamics, and violation of probability-density positivity. The primary goal of this article is to investigate a recently proposed quantum-mechanical (nonlocal) generalization (Phys. Rev. B 2017, 96, 115420) of semiclassical (local) scattering models, extending such treatment to carrier-carrier interaction, and focusing in particular on the nonlocal character of Pauli-blocking contributions. In order to concretely show the intrinsic limitations of local scattering models, a few simulated experiments of energy dissipation and decoherence in a prototypical quantum-well semiconductor nanostructure are also presented.

Atitudes da população portuguesa em relação à homoparentalidade / Portuguese attitudes toward homosexual parenting

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as atitudes da população portuguesa em relação à homoparentalidade. Participaram 993 pessoas com idades entre os 18 e os 69 anos (M=34; DP=11), respondendo a um questionário que incluiu uma vinheta descrevendo um casal heterossexual, um casal de lésbicas ou um casal gay que pretendia adotar. Foi pedido aos participantes que avaliassem os casais enquanto futuros pais, e se antecipavam dificuldades emocionais e sociais no desenvolvimento da criança. Apesar da maioria dos participantes apresentar uma atitude favorável à homoparentalidade, os resultados revelaram uma atitude mais favorável em relação ao casal heterossexual. Os participantes anteciparam mais problemas emocionais e sociais nas crianças adotadas por um casal de duas mulheres, e mais ainda por um casal de dois homens.(AU)

The aim of this study was to explore Portuguese population attitude toward parenting by gay men and lesbians. Nine hundred ninety three participants, aged between 18 and 69 (M=34; SD=11), filled in a questionnaire that included a vignette depicting a heterosexual couple, a lesbian couple or a gay couple wishing to adopt. Participants were asked to rate the couple as prospective parents, and if they anticipated emotional or social problems for the children. Although most participants held a positive attitude toward gay and lesbian parents, the results revealed a more favorable attitude toward heterosexual couples. Participants anticipated more emotional and social problems in children adopted by a lesbian couple, and even more so by a gay couple.(AU)

Atitudes da população portuguesa em relação à homoparentalidade / Portuguese attitudes toward homosexual parenting

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as atitudes da população portuguesa em relação à homoparentalidade. Participaram 993 pessoas com idades entre os 18 e os 69 anos (M=34; DP=11), respondendo a um questionário que incluiu uma vinheta descrevendo um casal heterossexual, um casal de lésbicas ou um casal gay que pretendia adotar. Foi pedido aos participantes que avaliassem os casais enquanto futuros pais, e se antecipavam dificuldades emocionais e sociais no desenvolvimento da criança. Apesar da maioria dos participantes apresentar uma atitude favorável à homoparentalidade, os resultados revelaram uma atitude mais favorável em relação ao casal heterossexual. Os participantes anteciparam mais problemas emocionais e sociais nas crianças adotadas por um casal de duas mulheres, e mais ainda por um casal de dois homens...

The aim of this study was to explore Portuguese population attitude toward parenting by gay men and lesbians. Nine hundred ninety three participants, aged between 18 and 69 (M=34; SD=11), filled in a questionnaire that included a vignette depicting a heterosexual couple, a lesbian couple or a gay couple wishing to adopt. Participants were asked to rate the couple as prospective parents, and if they anticipated emotional or social problems for the children. Although most participants held a positive attitude toward gay and lesbian parents, the results revealed a more favorable attitude toward heterosexual couples. Participants anticipated more emotional and social problems in children adopted by a lesbian couple, and even more so by a gay couple...

Coletivo de autores: a cultura corporal em questão / Collective of Authors: a corporal culture in question / Colectivo de Autores: la cultura corporal en cuestión

Coletivo de Autores é a denominação dada aos seis autores do livro Metodologia do Ensino de Educação Física, publicado em 1992, pela editora Cortez. Este livro tem se tornado uma referência importante no campo da produção do conhecimento em Educação Física, configurando-se como leitura imprescindível aos que atuam com a Educação Física escolar. Este texto, inserido numa pesquisa mais ampla acerca da obra, focaliza uma reflexão acerca da categoria cultura corporal e traz um diálogo com a literatura e com as entrevistas realizadas com os autores, particularmente refletindo acerca do objeto de estudo da Educação Física escolar na perspectiva Crítico-Superadora.

Collective of Authors is the name given to the six authors of the book called The Teaching Methodology in Physical Education, published in 1992 by Cortez Publishing Company. This book has become an important reference in the field of Physical Education's knowledge formation, setting itself as essential reading to the ones who work with Physical Education at Schools. This text focuses a reflection regarding the corporal culture category, inserted in a deep researching discussion, and brings a dialogue with bibliography and by the interviews made from the authors, particularly reflecting as per the study object of Physical Education at School with a critical and overcoming perspective.

Colectivo de Autores es el nombre dado a los seis autores del libro Metodología de la Enseñanza de la Educación Física, publicado en 1992 por editorial Cortez. Este libro se ha convertido en una referencia importante en el ámbito de la producción de conocimientos en Educación Física, en sí misma como una lectura esencial para quienes trabajan con la Escuela de Educación Física. Este texto, inserta en un contexto más amplio de investigación sobre el trabajo, la discusión se centra en la categoría cultura cuerpo y trae un diálogo con la bibliografía y las entrevistas con los autores, lo que refleja sobre todo en el estudio de la Educación Física en la escuela en uno perspectiva Crítico-Superadora.

Premature thelarche: clinical and laboratorial assessment by immunochemiluminescent assay.

In order to establish cut-off limits and to distinguish isolated premature thelarche (IPT) from precocious puberty (PP), we evaluated data from 79 girls with premature thelarche, comparing basal and stimulated LH and FSH serum concentrations with those from 91 healthy girls. A GnRH stimulation test was performed in 10 normal girls and in 42 with premature thelarche. Comparison among groups was performed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunns tests. LH values were significantly greater in girls with IPT than in control groups. Basal gonadotropin concentrations were higher in patients with PP than in controls, but not different from patients with IPT. Peak LH levels after GnRH stimulation distinguished those two groups, with a cut-off value of 4.0 IU/L, but still with minimal overlap. In conclusion, a girl with premature thelarche and LH peak value above 4.5 IU/L has, indeed, PP, but values between 3.5 and 4.5 IU/L point to careful follow-up.

Premature thelarche: clinical and laboratorial assessment by immunochemiluminescent assay

In order to establish cut-off limits and to distinguish isolated premature thelarche (IPT) from precocious puberty (PP), we evaluated data from 79 girls with premature thelarche, comparing basal and stimulated LH and FSH serum concentrations with those from 91 healthy girls. A GnRH stimulation test was performed in 10 normal girls and in 42 with premature thelarche. Comparison among groups was performed by Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn’s tests. LH values were significantly greater in girls with IPT than in control groups. Basal gonadotropin concentrations were higher in patients with PP than in controls, but not different from patients with IPT. Peak LH levels after GnRH stimulation distinguished those two groups, with a cut-off value of 4.0 IU/L, but still with minimal overlap. In conclusion, a girl with premature thelarche and LH peak value above 4.5 IU/L has, indeed, PP, but values between 3.5 and 4.5 IU/L point to careful follow-up.

Com o objetivo de estabelecer o valor de corte e distinguir telarca precoce isolada (TPI) de puberdade precoce (PP), avaliamos 79 meninas com telarca precoce, comparando as dosagens basais e pós-estímulo de LH e FSH com grupo-controle. O teste de estímulo com GnRH foi realizado em 10 meninas normais e em 42 com telarca precoce. Os testes de Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn foram usados na comparação dos grupos. Os níveis de LH foram significativamente mais elevados no grupo com TPI, quando comparados com controles. As gonadotrofinas basais foram mais elevadas naquelas com PP que nos controles, mas não diferiram do grupo com TPI. O pico de LH após GnRH distinguiu estes dois grupos, com valor de corte de 4,0 UI/L, apesar de pequena sobreposição. Concluímos que uma menina com telarca precoce e LH pós-estímulo acima de 4,5 UI/L apresenta PP, mas valores entre 3,5 e 4,5 UI/L requerem seguimento cuidadoso.

Avaliação da freqüência de hemoglobina A1S nos candidatos à doação de sangue no Hemocentro Regional de Uberaba, no período de 1996 a 2000: estudo retrospectivo / Evaluation of A1S hemoglobin frequency in blood donor candidates at the Uberaba Regional Hemocentre, in the period from 1996 to 2000: a retrospective study

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a freqüência de HbA1S em doadores de sangue do HRU (1996 a 2000).0 diagnóstico do traço falcêmico foi realizado pela eletroforese de hemoglobina, prova de falcização e teste de solubilidade. Foram encontrados 696 portadores de HbAl S (9,91/1000). Observou-se queda significativa na incidência anual (de 1996 a 2000) de HbAl S. A raça negra apresentou incidência significativamente maior que as raças branca e mestiça. A incidência no sexo feminino foi 11.41/1000 candidatos à doação e, no masculino, 9,44/1000. O maior percentual de HbAl S foi entre 18 e 29 anos de idade (52,7%) considerando-se a alta prevalência de HbAlS no Brasil, concluímos que é de suma importância conhecer os portadores de HbA1S, visando ao aconselhamento genético em relação às probabilidades de seus descendentes desenvolverem anemia falciforme, a qual representa um importante problema de saúde em nosso pais.

The HbAIS frequency in blood donors from Uberaba Regional Hemocenter (HRU) from 1996 to 2000 was evaluated. The falciform trait diagnosis was carried out using hemoglobin electrophoresis and sickle cell and solubility test. The number of carriers was 696 (9.91/1000). A significant fall in the annual incidence of HbAlS was observed. The incidence was significantly higher in negros than in whites and crossbred races. In females and males the incidence was 11.41 and 9.44/1000 of the candidates, respectively. The difference of the incidence between the sexes was significant only in 2000. The higher percentage of HbA1S occurred in 18-29 years old candidates (52.7%). Since there is a high prevalence of HbA1S in Brazil, it is very important to detect the HbA1S carriers and to provide them with genetic counseling.