ABSTRACT
AIM: To compare the prevalence of attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using different diagnostic criteria (DSM-IV-TR versus ICD-10) and two specific scales based on DSM IV (ADHD-IV Rating Scales and SNAP-IV p90) in school-age children (6-12 years). PATIENTS AND METHOD: . A population-based study applying stratified multistage sample design (by courses), proportional to the type of school (public, private and enterd) and demographic areas (rural, city). From a target population of approximately 30 000 subjects a sample of 1509 children. RESULTS: The prevalence rates of ADHD were within the expected range: 3.6% (95% CI = 2.6-4.6%) using DSM-IV criteria, 1.2% (95% CI = 0.6-1.8%) using the ICD-10, 4.6% (95% CI = 3.5-5.7%) using ADHD Rating Scales-IV with a cut-off of 90 percentile 4.11% (95% CI = 3.2-5.1%) using the scale SNAP-IV. However, we found some differences in reference to gender and subtype according to the criteria and instrument used. CONCLUSIONS: We propose to use standard scales, scale by age, sex and evaluator that includes maturation and sociocultural factors help us draw conclusions about the true prevalence of ADHD.
Subject(s)
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/diagnosis , Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity/epidemiology , Culture , Child , Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders , Female , Humans , Male , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Rural Population , Schools , Urban PopulationABSTRACT
Objetivo. Comparar la prevalencia del trastorno por déficit de atención/hiperactividad (TDAH) usando diferentes criterios diagnósticos el Manual diagnóstico y estadístico de los trastornos mentales, cuarta edición, texto revisado (DSM-IV TR) frente a la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades, décima revisión (CIE-10) y dos escalas específicas basadas en el DSM-IV la Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (ADHD RS-IV Pc 90) y la escala de Swanson, Nolan y Pelham, cuarta edición (SNAP-IV) en niños en edad escolar (6-12 años). Pacientes y métodos. Estudio poblacional en el que se aplica un diseño muestral polietápico estratificado (por cursos), proporcional para el tipo de centro (público, privado y concertado) y por zonas sociodemográficas (rural, ciudad). A partir de una población diana de aproximadamente 30.000 sujetos, se obtiene una muestra de 1.509 niños. Resultados. Las tasas de prevalencia del TDAH se encontraban dentro del rango esperado: el 3,6% (intervalo de confianza del 95%, IC 95% = 2,6-4,6%) usando criterios del DSM-IV; el 1,2% (IC 95% = 0,6-1,8%) usando la CIE-10; el 4,6% (IC 95% = 3,5-5,7%) usando la ADHD Rating Scale-IV, con un punto de corte del percentil 90; y el 4,11% (IC 95% = 3,2-5,1%) usando la escala SNAP-IV. Sin embargo, encontramos algunas diferencias en relación con el sexo y el subtipo según el criterio y el instrumento utilizado. Conclusiones. Proponemos utilizar escalas normalizadas, baremadas por edad, sexo y evaluador que contemple factores madurativos y socioculturales, que nos ayuden a llegar a conclusiones sobre la verdadera prevalencia del TDAH (AU)
Aim. To compare the prevalence of attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) using different diagnostic criteria (DSM-IV-TR versus ICD-10) and two specific scales based on DSM IV (ADHD-IV Rating Scales and SNAP-IV p90) inschool-age children (6-12 years). Patients and methods. A population-based study applying stratified multistage sample design (by courses), proportional to the type of school (public, private and enterd) and demographic areas (rural, city). From a target population of approximately 30 000 subjects a sample of 1509 children. Results. The prevalence rates of ADHD were within the expected range: 3.6% (95% CI = 2.6-4.6%) using DSM-IV criteria, 1.2% (95% CI = 0.6-1.8%) using the ICD-10, 4.6% (95% CI = 3.5-5.7%) using ADHD Rating Scales-IV with a cut-off of 90 percentile 4.11% (95% CI = 3.2-5.1%) using the scale SNAP-IV. However, we found some differences in reference to gender and subtype according to the criteria and instrument used. Conclusions. We propose to use standard scales, scale by age, sex and evaluator that includes maturation and sociocultural factors help us draw conclusions about the true prevalence of ADHD (AU)
