Influence of body mass index and type of low-level exercise on the side effect profile of regadenoson.

PURPOSE: Regadenoson, an A2A adenosine receptor pharmacologic stress agent for radionuclide myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), is administered as a single, fixed dose. We studied the side effect profile of regadenoson combined with two types of low-level exercise, according to body mass index (BMI). METHODS: Three hundred and fifty-six patients (46.1% men, mean age 67.7±10.7 years, range 31-90 years) underwent regadenoson stress testing combined with low-level exercise. Subjects were classified according to BMI as normal, overweight, or obese, and the type of low-level exercise performed as walking on the treadmill (TE group, n=190) or forcefully swinging legs while sitting (SS group, n=166). Patients' demographics, medical history, clinical symptoms during stress, changes in ECG, oxygen saturation (SatO2), systolic blood pressure (SBP), and heart rate (HR) were evaluated. RESULTS: Groups were comparable (p=ns) with regard to cardiovascular risks factors. The incidence of side effects was similar across BMI (p=ns), although the TE patients showed improved profiles over those with SS exercise, with a significantly lower incidence of flushing, dizziness and nausea/gastrointestinal discomfort (12.9% vs. 28.4%; 19.9% vs. 33.4%; 11.4% vs. 19.2%, respectively; all p<0.05). Regarding the hemodynamic response, we did not observe significant changes in SBP and HR after regadenoson administration across BMI categories. Comparing the TE and SS groups, no significant changes were observed in SBP, but there was a higher increase in HR in the TE group (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Regadenoson in combination with low-level exercise is safe and well tolerated over a wide range of BMI, with TE exercise showing a better side effect profile than SS.

Comparative study of the safety of regadenoson between patients with mild/moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma.

PURPOSE: To compare the safety of regadenoson, a selective agonist of A2A adenosine receptors, combined with low-level exercise, between subjects with mild/moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma referred for myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI). METHODS: We studied 116 patients, of whom 67 had COPD and 49 asthma (62 % men, mean age 68.3 ± 11.3 years, range 31 - 87 years). Patient demographics, past medical history, medications, clinical symptoms during stress and changes in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) were evaluated. RESULTS: Both groups were comparable with regard to hypertension, dyslipidaemia, diabetes and medications with the exception of a higher rate of use of anticholinergics in patients with COPD and of antileukotrienes in asthmatics (58.2 % vs. 28.6 % and 1.5 % vs. 14.3 %, respectively; all p < 0.01). There was a higher incidence of dyspnoea in COPD patients and of headache and feeling hot in asthmatic patients (40.3 % vs. 22.4 %, 6 % vs. 18.4 % and 10.4 % vs. 26.5 %, respectively; all p < 0.05). Although there was no difference in the incidence of other adverse events, we observed a higher frequency in asthmatics of flushing, dry mouth, sweating and fatigue (1.5 % vs. 6.1 %, 14.9 % vs. 24.5 %, 0 % vs. 4.1 % and 37.3 % vs. 49 %, respectively). Adverse events were self-limiting, except in three patients who suffered persistent dyspnoea (2 of 67 COPD patients; 1 of 49 asthma patients) requiring theophylline administration. We observed no significant changes in BP among either group, but there was a tendency towards a higher increase in systolic BP in COPD patients following regadenoson administration (148.3 ± 27.6 vs. 154.6 ± 31.0 mmHg, p = 0.056). CONCLUSION: This study showed a good safety profile in our series of COPD and asthma patients undergoing MPI. Regadenoson was well tolerated by all patients, with dyspnoea, headache and feeling hot showing differences between groups.

[Salutogenic model analysis in Spain: application in public health and implications for asset health model]. / Análisis del modelo salutogénico en España: aplicación en salud pública e implicaciones para el modelo de activos en salud.

This article seeks to provide an in depth review about one of the most revolutionary and influential methods used in understanding the variables and processes that explain human health. Based on a new vision in the analysis of the consequences of the Nazi Holocaust, a doctor-sociologist--Aaron Antonovsky--managed to influence medicine and behavioral science by facilitating the keys for the optimal development of public health today. Despite the fact that this theory began appearing in the 1970s in the 20th century, its real development and expansion have been seen in recent years. In fact, in Spain, there is little scientific literature that analyses the theoretic keys of the model in depth. This work seek to cover this gap; to achieve this objective, it first presents how the construct of salutogenesis arose, the social-cultural context that promoted it, as well as the importance public health acquires today. This is the aim of this work, which analyses the theoretical bases of the salutogenesis model, with specific emphasis on its background and precursors, as well as its inception, development and current expansion.

Análisis del modelo salutogénico en España: aplicación en salud pública e implicaciones para el modelo de activos en salud / Salutogenic model analysis in Spain: application in public health and implications for asset health model

Este artículo tiene el objetivo de tratar en profundidad uno de los modelos más revolucionarios e influyentes para la comprensión de las variables y procesos que explican la salud humana. A partir de una nueva visión en el análisis de las consecuencias del holocausto nazi, un médico-sociólogo -Aaron Antonovsky-, consiguió influir en la medicina y la ciencia delcomportamiento, facilitando las claves para el óptimo desarrollo de la salud pública actual. A pesar de que esta teoría empezó a forjarse en los años 70 del siglo XX, su desarrollo real y su expansión están sucediendo en los últimos años. De hecho, enEspaña existe muy poca literatura con base científica que analice con detalle las claves teóricas del modelo. Este trabajo trata de cubrir esa carencia y, para ello, y en primer lugar, exponecómo surgió el constructo salutogénesis, el contexto sociocultural que lo impulsó, así como la importancia que adquiere enla salud pública actual. Con este objetivo, en estas páginas se analizan las bases teóricas del modelo salutogénico, con especial énfasis en sus antecedentes y precursores, así como en sus inicios, desarrollo y expansión actual(AU)

This article seeks to provide an in depth review about one of the most revolutionary and influential methods used in understanding the variables and processes that explain human health. Based on a new vision in the analysis of the consequences of theNazi Holocaust, a doctor-sociologist—Aaron Antonovsky— managed to influence medicine and behavioral science by facilitating the keys for the optimal development of public health today. Despite the fact that this theory began appearing in the1970s in the 20th century, its real development and expansion have been seen in recent years. In fact, in Spain, there is littlescientific literature that analyses the theoretic keys of the model in depth. This work seek to cover this gap; to achieve this objective, it first presents how the construct of salutogenesis arose, the social-cultural context that promoted it, as well as the importance public health acquires today. This is the aim of this work, which analyses the theoretical bases of the salutogenesis model,with specific emphasis on its background and precursors, aswell as its inception, development and current expansion(AU)

[Sex differences in body image, weight control and Body Mass Index of Spanish adolescents]. / Diferencias de sexo en imagen corporal, control de peso e Indice de Masa Corporal de los adolescentes españoles.

Sex differences in body image, weight control and Body Mass Index of Spanish adolescents. This research paper studied the differences among 21,811 adolescents (between the ages of 11 and 18) in key variables in the development of eating disorders, including the Body Mass Index, the perception of and satisfaction with their body image, and the behaviours used to control weight. In spite of the fact that the girls had a better adjusted BMI and a lesser degree of overweight and obesity, we found that they perceived themselves as being fatter, were less satisfied with body image, and the ones who dieted the most to lose weight. On the other hand, we found that the main reason for boys and girls to diet in an effort to lose weight was not their real body weight, but rather their perception of their own bodies, followed by just how satisfied they were with their bodies. Therefore, important differences are revealed between boys and girls in this article, which must be taken into consideration in the design and development of the various programs that are aimed at the prevention of problems with body image and diet behaviour.

Diferencias de sexo en imagen corporal, control de peso e Índice de Masa Corporal de los adolescentes españoles / Sex differences in body image, weight control and Body Mass Index of Spanish adolescents

Este estudio examinó las diferencias entre 21.811 chicos y chicas adolescentes (11-18 años) en variables clave en el desarrollo de trastornos de la alimentación, como son el Índice de Masa Corporal, la percepción y satisfacción con la imagen corporal y las conductas destinadas a controlar el peso. A pesar de que las chicas tenían una puntuación en el Índice de Masa Corporal más ajustada y presentaban un nivel menor de sobrepeso y obesidad, se encontró que eran ellas las que se percibían más obesas, las que estaban más insatisfechas con su imagen corporal y las que realizaban con más frecuencia dietas para adelgazar. Por otra parte, se encontró que la razón que mueve a chicos y chicas a realizar dietas para adelgazar no es el peso corporal real, sino la percepción que tienen de su cuerpo, en primer lugar, y cómo de satisfechos están con él, en segundo lugar. Por lo tanto, en este artículo se encuentran importantes diferencias entre chicos y chicas, a tener en cuenta en el diseño y desarrollo de los diversos programas que se destinen a la prevención de problemas con la imagen corporal y la conducta de hacer dieta (AU)

This research paper studied the differences among 21,811 adolescents (between the ages of 11 and 18) in key variables in the development of eating disorders, including the Body Mass Index, the perception of and satisfaction with their body image, and the behaviours used to control weight. In spite of the fact that the girls had a better adjusted BMI and a lesser degree of overweight and obesity, we found that they perceived themselves as being fatter, were less satisfied with body image, and the ones who dieted the most to lose weight. On the other hand, we found that the main reason for boys and girls to diet in an effort to lose weight was not their real body weight, but rather their perception of their own bodies, followed by just how satisfied they were with their bodies. Therefore, important differences are revealed between boys and girls in this article, which must be taken into consideration in the design and development of the various programs that are aimed at the prevention of problems with body image and diet behaviour (AU)