Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 4 de 4
Filter
Add more filters










Language
Publication year range
1.
Nutr Hosp ; 27(5): 1429-36, 2012.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23478688

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Malnutrition among hospitalized patients has clinical implications, and interest has arisen to find screening tools able to identify subjects under risk. At present, there is no consensus about the most suitable nutrition screening tool for pediatric patients. AIM: To validate STAMP (Screening Tool for the Assessment of Malnutrition in Pediatrics) pediatric screening tool in Spain. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study of patients admitted to a 3rd level children's hospital with both medical and surgical specialities. During the first 24 hours of admission, STAMP screening tool was applied. For its validation, results were compared with those obtained from a nutritional assessment performed by specialist staff, which included clinical, anthropometric and body composition data. RESULTS: A sample of 250 children was studied. Nutritional assessment identified 64 patients (25.6%) under risk, 40 of whom were malnourished (16%). STAMP classified 48.4% of the patients as being under nutritional risk. This tool showed 75% sensitivity and 60.8% specificity when identifying patients under risk according to nutritional assessment. It showed 90% sensitivity and 59.5% specificity when identifying malnourished patients. COMMENTS: Malnutrition was less frequent than that reported in other European countries, although diagnosis technique was different. STAMP is a simple and useful tool for nutritional screening, avoiding the need to assess all patients on admission in order to identify those under nutritional risk.


Subject(s)
Malnutrition/diagnosis , Nutrition Assessment , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Hospitalization , Humans , Infant , Male , Malnutrition/epidemiology , Nutritional Status , Reproducibility of Results , Risk , Spain/epidemiology
2.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 69(9): 393-402, oct. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-99248

ABSTRACT

La elección de la fórmula es la fase más importante al instaurarla nutrición enteral. Puesto que los requerimientos nutricionales y energéticos del niño no son los mismos que en el adulto, existen diferentes preparados adaptados a la etapa pediátrica y, dentro de ésta, a los distintos grupos de edad. Además, en los últimos años se han comercializado nuevos tipos de fórmulas, como dietas específicas para las enfermedades en la edad pediátrica o dietas poliméricas para lactantes. Esta variedad de preparados nos permite ahora, más que nunca, individualizar la nutrición de nuestros pacientes. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar, clasificar y establecer las indicaciones para las distintas fórmulas existentes actualmente en el mercado español(AU)


The choice of the correct nutritional formula is the most important phase when establishing enteral nutrition. Given that children´s energy and protein requirements are not the same as those in adults, there are different formulations adapted to the pediatric stage and within this, to different age groups. Furthermore, in recent years new types of formulas have been commercialized, as special foods or polymeric formulas for infants. This variety of formulas has allowed us to individualize nutritional support in pediatric patients. The aim of this article is to review, classify and establish the indications for the different formulas available at this time in the Spanish market(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Enteral Nutrition/methods , Food, Formulated/analysis , Infant Formula/administration & dosage , Child Nutrition , Infant Nutrition
3.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 69(7/8): 333-338, jul.-sept. 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-99452

ABSTRACT

El recién nacido prematuro presenta características nutricionales y funcionales diferenciales que, según el peso al nacimiento y la edad gestacional, serán la base para llevar a cabo su soporte nutricional. Una nutrición precoz y eficaz mejora el pronóstico. El mantenimiento de un crecimiento extrauterino adecuado, el aporte óptimo de energía y el descenso de la morbilidad precoz serán los tres objetivos fundamentales de la nutrición artificial. En este artículo se exponen los requerimientos de energía, líquidos, proteínas, hidratos de carbono y lípidos en este tipo de pacientes. Además de aportar sustrato energético, la nutrición enteral también estimula la mucosa intestinal, influye en la adquisición apropiada de una microbiota y ayuda a conseguir un buen vínculo madre-hijo, así como una adecuada maduración psicomotora. Se revisan los diferentes procedimientos de alimentación, así como la progresión a nutrición enteral total, la intolerancia digestiva en estos pacientes y el tipo de alimentación al alta(AU)


Premature newborns have especial functional and nutritional characteristics that, depending on their birth weight and their gestational age, are the basis to carry out their nutritional support. They need an effective and precocious nutrition in order to improve their outcome. The maintenance of an adequate extra uterine growth, anoptimum energy intake, and a decrease of early morbidity are the main objectives of artificial nutrition. Energy, fluid, proteins, carbohydrates and lipids requirements of this kind of patients are shown in the present article. As well as energetic substrate, the enteral nutrition also stimulates the intestinal mucosa, influencing the acquisition of an appropriate microbiota, and it helps to create an appropriate bond between mother and baby and a suitable psychomotor maturation. The different feeding procedures for these patients are reviewed as well as the progression way to complete enteral feeding, the digestive intolerance and the selection of a diet before hospital discharge(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature/growth & development , Infant Nutrition , Enteral Nutrition/methods , Nutritional Support/methods , Infant, Premature, Diseases/prevention & control
4.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 69(5): 211-216, mayo 2011. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-90405

ABSTRACT

La estimación precisa de los requerimientos de energía es muy importante cuando se programa un soporte nutricional; un adecuado aporte nutritivo contribuirá a un mejor manejo clínico. Además, los pacientes pediátricos necesitan tener un adecuado aporte de proteínas, que cubra los requerimientos necesarios para el crecimiento. La última meta del soporte nutricional en los lactantes y niños es lograr una retención nitrogenada y un balance de energía neutro. El gasto energético basal (GEB) es el parámetro más representativo del metabolismo y el principal componente del gasto energético total diario. Cuando las técnicas de calorimetría no están disponibles, existen ecuaciones predictivas que pueden aplicarse para determinar su valor. Para estimar el gasto de energía diario, el GEB debe multiplicarse por el factor de nivel de actividad física, que incluye el gasto de energía debido a la actividad física, crecimiento y respuesta metabólica a los alimentos. En caso de enfermedad, existen posibles cambios en el GEB y el nivel de actividad física, así como una inusual pérdida de energía, que deben tenerse en cuenta cuando se tratad e encontrar los requerimientos de energía. Entre las necesidades adicionales en el caso de pacientes malnutridos se incluye la energía necesaria para la recuperación nutricional. En este trabajo se comentan distintos aspectos relacionados con los requerimientos de energía y proteínas estimados en la lactancia y la niñez (AU)


Accurate estimation of energy requirements is important when programming nutritional support, as adequate nutrient intake will contribute to a better clinical course. In addition, pediatric patients need to maintain a proper protein intake, necessary to meet their growth requirements. The ultimate aim of nutritional support in infants and children is to achieve nitrogen retention and neutral energy balance. Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the most representative parameter of metabolism and represents the major component of energy expenditure. When calorimetry techniques are not available, predictive equations can be applied to determine its value. To estimate daily total energy expenditure, BMR can be multiplied by the physical activity level factor, which includes the energy expenditure derived from physical activity, growth and metabolic response to food. In case of illness, possible changes in BMR and physical activity level, as well as unusual energy losses, must be taken into account when estimating energy requirements. Additional needs of malnourished patients include the necessary energy for nutritional recovering. Different aspects concerning the estimation of energy and protein requirements in infants and children are discussed in this issue (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Energy Metabolism/physiology , Nutritional Requirements , Infant Nutrition , Nutritional Support/methods , Thermogenesis/physiology
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL
...