Subject(s)
Scabies , Unionidae , Animals , Microscopy, Confocal , Sarcoptes scabiei , Scabies/diagnosisABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is a lipolactonase implicated in the elimination of carcinogenic free radicals and in the scavenging mechanisms to maintain oxidative balance. The objective of the present systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate possible alterations in serum PON1 activity in patients with cancer. METHODS: A systematic search of the observational studies in humans published in the last 15 years was performed through Medline databases following the PRISMA and STARLITE statements. Further, a keyword-based computerized search with restrictions on publication date, and a meta-analysis of case-control studies was performed. RESULTS: In total, 23 studies were included most of which reported decreased PON1 activity in patients with cancer. This could indicate impaired defense ability against oxidative stress with potential implications in cell proliferation, promotion of genetic instability, and alterations in cellular sensitivity to chemotherapy. CONCLUSION: This systematic review and meta-analysis confirms a consistent association between cancer and decreased serum PON1 activities. These findings may open fruitful lines of research with clinical relevance, and an understanding of molecular alterations underlying carcinogenesis.
Subject(s)
Aryldialkylphosphatase/metabolism , Neoplasms/metabolism , Case-Control Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Neoplasms/pathology , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxidative Stress/physiologyABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Modulation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and inhibition of the apoptotic signaling are critically associated with the cardioprotective phenotypes afforded by both intermittent hypobaric-hypoxia (IHH) and endurance-training (ET). We recently proposed that IHH and ET improve cardiac function and basic mitochondrial capacity, although without showing addictive effects. Here we investigate whether a combination of IHH and ET alters cardiac mitochondrial vulnerability to MPTP and related apoptotic signaling. METHODS: Male Wistar rats were divided into normoxic-sedentary (NS), normoxic-exercised (NE, 1h/day/5 week treadmill-running), hypoxic-sedentary (HS, 6000 m, 5h/day/5 weeks) and hypoxic-exercised (HE) to study susceptibility to calcium-induced cardiac MPTP opening. Mitochondrial cyclophilin D (CypD), adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT), Bax and Bcl-2 protein contents were semi-quantified by Western blotting. Cardiac caspase 3-, 8- and 9-like activities were measured. Mitochondrial aconitase and superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity and malondialdehyde (MDA) and sulphydryl group (-SH) content were determined. RESULTS: Susceptibility to MPTP decreased in NE and HS vs. NS and even further in HE. The ANT content increased in HE vs. NS. Bcl-2/Bax ratio increased in NE and HS compared to NS. Decreased activities in tissue caspase 3-like (HE vs. NS) and caspase 9-like (HS and HE vs. NS) were observed. Mitochondrial aconitase increased in NE and HS vs. NS. No alterations between groups were observed for caspase 8-like activity, MnSOD, CypD, MDA and -SH. CONCLUSIONS: Data confirm that IHH and ET modulate cardiac mitochondria to a protective phenotype characterized by decreased MPTP induction and apoptotic signaling, although without visible addictive effects as initially hypothesized.
Subject(s)
Apoptosis/physiology , Hypoxia/metabolism , Mitochondria, Heart/physiology , Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins/physiology , Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology , Signal Transduction/physiology , Animals , Male , Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore , Oxidative Stress/physiology , Physical Conditioning, Animal/methods , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Introducción: Desde 1980, los especialistas cubanos buscaron a partir de los principios básicos de los ensayos inmunoenzimáticos, nuevos procedimientos tecnológicos sostenibles para estudios masivos de la población, describiéndose una versión ultramicroanalítica (Sistema Ultra Micro Analítico SUMA) . Objetivos: El objetivo de este programa fue formar un sistema de laboratorio semiautomático con un soporte analítico-instrumental sin que se afectaran los criterios de reproducibilidad establecidos para los ensayos clásicos y los niveles esenciales de la calidad interna y externa. Métodos: El Método desarrollado formó una Red Nacional de Laboratorios SUMA (RNLSUMA), la que cuenta con una infraestructura de 174 Laboratorios distribuidos en diferentes especialidades a lo largo del país y cuatro centros de asistencia técnica o sucursales subordinadas a una direc ción nacional del Centro de Inmunoensayo. En la RNLSUMA, 109 laboratorios prestan servicios a la Red Nacional de Salud Pública y de ellos, 71 realizan determinación de anticuerpos contra el VIH-SIDA 1+2, en la certificación de la sangre, embarazadas y grupos poblacionales. Resultados: Desde el inicio del pesquisaje en Cuba y hasta el término del 2002, se han estudiado con el UMELISA HIV 1+2 Recombinat un total de 17 599 186 personas, para las cuales fue necesario producir mas de 38 718 209 determinaciones. De ellas, 3 468 967 fueron gestantes, 7 322 277 fueron donantes de sangre y 6 807 942 fueron grupos de riesgo. En el 2002 se notificó una especificidad del 99,75 por ciento en un grupo de 581 771 donantes; resultados similares se encontraron para los otros grupos estudiados. Conclusión: Se concluye que de un total acumulado histórico de 4 515 detectados, 3 441 fueron con el SUMA (76 por ciento), a pesar de que solamente el 57 por ciento de la pesquisa histórica fue realizada con el UMELISA HIV 1+2, lo que indica una mejora ostensible en la calidad del pesquisaje y en la tecnología utilizada(AU)
Introdução: Desde 1980, os especialistas cubanos buscaram, a partir dos princípios básicos dos ensaios imunoenzimáticos, novos procedimentos tecnológicos sostenibles para estudos de população em massa, descrevendo-se uma versão ultramicroanalítica (Sistema Ultra Micro Analítico SUMA).Objetivos: O objetivo deste programa foi formar um sistema de laboratório semi-automático com um suporte analítico-instrumental sem afetar os critérios de reprodutibilidade estabelecidos para os ensaios clássicos e os níveis essenciais de qualidade interna e externa. Métodos: O método desenvolvidoformou uma Rede Nacional de Labóratórios SUMA (RNLSUMA), que conta com uma infraestrutura de 174 Laboratórios distribuídos em diferentes especialidades em todo o país e quatro centros de assistência técnica ou sucursais subordinadas a uma direção nacional do Centro de Imunoensaio. Na RNLSUMA, 109 laboratórios prestam serviços a Rede Nacional de Saúde Pública e deles, 71 realizam determinação de anticorpos contra o HIV 1+2, certificação de sangue, gestantes e grupos populacionais. Resultados: Desde o início da pesquisaje em Cuba e até o término de 2002, foram estudados com o Umelisa HIV 1+2 recombinante um total de 17.599.186 pessoas, para os quais foi necessário produzir mais de 38.718.209 determinações.Destas, 3.468.942 foram gestantes, 7.322.277 foram doadores de sangue e 6.807.942 foram pessoas de grupos de risco. Em 2002 notificou-se uma especificidade de 99,75 por cento em um grupo de 581.771 doadores; resultados similares encontraram-se para os outros grupos estudados. Conclusão: Conclui-se que, de um total acumulado histórico de 4.515 detectados, 3.441 foram com o SUMA (76 por cento), apesar de somente 57 por cento da pesquisa histórica ser realizada como Umelisa HIV 1+2, o que indica uma melhora significativa na qualidade da pesquisaje e na tecnologia utilizada(AU)
Introduction: Since 1980, Cuban specialists looked for a new sustainable technological procedure for population screening, starting from the basic principles of the immunoenzymatic assays, being described an ultra microanalytical version named SUMA (Ultra Micro Analytical System SUMA). This version was composed by a semiautomatic laboratory system with an analytic-instrumental support without affecting the established precision criteria for classical assays and the essential levels of internal and external quality. Objectives: The objective of this strategy was to develop the SUMA Laboratories National Net (SUMALNN) is formed by an infrastructure of 171 laboratories distributed in different specialties along the country and four regional centers for technical assistance, all of them subordinated to the national leadership of the Immunoassay Center in Havana City. In the SUMALNN, 109 laboratories give services to the National Net of Public Health and 71 of them carry out the determination of antibodies against HIV 1+2, in the blood certification program, in pregnant women and other population groups. Results: From the beginning of the HIV/AIDS screening in Cuba and until 2002, its been studied with the UMELISA HIV 1+2 RECOMBINANT, a total of 17 599 186 persons, being necessary to produce 38 718 209 tests. From all the persons studied, 3 468 967 were pregnant women, 7 322 277 were blood donors and 6 807 942 belonged to risk groups. In 2002, a specificity of 99,75 percent was notified in a group of 581 771 donors; similar results were found for the other studied groups. Conclusion: You concludes that the 4515 seropositives historically detected, 3 441 of them were using SUMA (76 percent), although only the 57 percent of the historical screening was carried out with the U Melisa HIV 1+2 recombinant, what shows an ostensible quality improvement of the population screening and the technology used(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/blood , Biomedical Technology , Technology, Pharmaceutical , Technology Transfer , HIV-1ABSTRACT
Formação de um sistema de laboratório semi-automático com um suporte analítico-instrumental sem afetar os critérios de reprudutibilidade estabelecidos para os ensaios clássicos e os níveis essenciais de qualidade interna e externa
