[Surfactant replacement therapy with a minimally invasive technique: Experience in a tertiary hospital]. / Terapia con surfactante con técnica mínimamente invasiva: experiencia en un hospital terciario.

INTRODUCTION: Surfactant delivered using a minimally invasive technique, known as MIST (Minimally Invasive Surfactant Therapy) is a method which allows surfactant to be administered to a patient connected to non-invasive respiratory support. This is an increasingly used therapy in Neonatal Units that reduces the intubation rate and the pathology associated with intubation and allows the surfactant to be administered to the patients who clinically need it. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In years 2013 and 2014 in the Hospital General Universitario de Elche surfactant was delivered using this method to 19 patients, five of whom were 28 or less weeks of gestation age at birth. A comparison is made with a historical cohort consisting of 28 patients with Respiratory Distress Syndrome treated initially with non-invasive respiratory support. RESULTS: No incidents were recorded that caused the interruption of the administration. A reduction in the fraction of inspired oxygen was observed in all cases after surfactant administration. Fewer intubations in the first 72 hours of life were found in the treatment group compared to the control group (42% vs. 54%). DISCUSSION: The experience recorded in the Hospital General Universitario de Elche shows that the administration of surfactant using a MIST technique is a reproducible method of treatment, which allows the surfactant distribution during spontaneous breathing with non invasive respiratory support.

Asociación entre dieta, actividad física y consumo de tabaco en adolescentes / The relationship between diet, physical activity and smoking in adolescents

Introducción. Consumo de tabaco, dietas no saludables y sedentarismo son hábitos cada vez más frecuentes entre los adolescentes. Objetivos. Analizar la prevalencia de consumo de tabaco en alumnos de ESO y Bachillerato de Huelva. Determinar los factores sociodemográficos asociados al consumo de tabaco. Determinar si existe asociación entre los hábitos de alimentación y de ejercicio físico con el consumo de tabaco de estos adolescentes. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo transversal sobre una muestra de base poblacional. Participaron 1.274 escolares de 12 centros educativos de Huelva y provincia. Se estudió: edad, sexo, consumo de alimentos y alcohol, ejercicio físico practicado y consumo de tabaco la semana anterior a la encuesta. Resultados. Fumaba el 13,9% de los adolescentes. El consumo era mayor en mujeres (p<0,001), y aumentaba con la edad (p<0,001). Los varones con ingesta excesiva de embutidos, hamburguesas o salchichas (p=0,014), fritos (p=0,028) y pasteles (p=0,045) y las mujeres con ingesta excesiva de carne (p=0,009) fumaban más. Los bebedores de ambos sexos fumaban más frecuentemente (p<0,001). Las mujeres que practicaban deporte (p<0,001) eran menos fumadoras. Conclusiones. De cada 7 alumnos, 1 era fumador. Fumar se asocia a sexo femenino y edad. Beber alcohol, el sedentarismo, el consumo excesivo de carne por las mujeres y de embutidos, salchichas, hamburguesas, fritos y pasteles por los varones se asocia a consumo de tabaco. El consejo para dejar de fumar a los adolescentes debería acompañarse de consejo dietético y sobre ejercicio (AU)

Introduction. Unhealthy diets, sedentary behaviour and cigarette smoking are increasing among adolescents. Objectives. To assess the prevalence of cigarette smoking in Secondary School Students in Huelva. To analyse the demographic factors associated with smoking habits. To assess the relationship between eating habits and physical activity and cigarette use. Material and methods. A descriptive study on a population-based sample. Participants. A total of 1274 students from 12 schools in Huelva province. Study variables. Age, sex, food and alcohol consumption, physical activity practiced and cigarette consumption in the week preceding the Survey. Results. 13, 9% of the adolescents smoked. Cigarette smoking was more common in girls (P<.001) and increased with age (P<.001). Males with excessive intake of sausages or burgers or hot dogs (P=.014), or fried foods (P=.028) and pies (P=.045) smoked more. Tobacco consumption was more common in women with an excessive intake of meat (P=.009). The drinkers of both sexes smoked more frequently (P<.001). Females who practised any physical activity smoked less (P<.001). Conclusions. One in seven students was a smoker. Smoking is associated to female sex and age. Drinking alcohol, sedentary behaviour, and the excessive consumption of meat in women, and of sausages, hot dogs, hamburgers, fried food and cakes in men is associated with smoking. Advice on quitting smoking in adolescents would have to be accompanied advice on diet and physical activity (AU)

Síndrome de la úlcera rectal solitaria / Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome

Presentamos el caso de una paciente, quien, tras haber sufrido un cuadro de anorexia, presentaba pérdida importante de peso y deposiciones mucosanguinolentas, de un año de evolución. Los signos clínicos, morfológicos y especialmente histopatológicos son compatibles con el denominado "síndrome de la úlcera rectal solitaria", cuadro que se corresponde con un grupo de enfermedades que con diferentes denominaciones presentan similitud en el complejo clínico y cuyo diagnóstico es anatomopatológico. La buena respuesta al tratamiento quirúrgico, 3 años después de la intervención, nos permite considerarlo una alternativa eficaz al tratamiento conservador cuando con éste no se obtenga la respuesta deseada (AU)