Health indicators and costs among outpatients according to physical activity level and obesity.

OBJECTIVE: How biochemical variables influence the costs of the Brazilian National Healthcare System, according to body composition and physical activity. METHODS: Participated in this study 168 patients. Biochemical variables were glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high, low, very low density lipoprotein and C-reactive protein (CRP). For the cost analysis the medical records was analyzed. Physical activity was assessed through questionnaire. Body adiposity was assessed by body mass index. Four groups were defined according body adiposity and physical activity. RESULTS: The active obese group had higher values of very low density lipoprotein and triglycerides when compared to the inactive obese. The non-obese inactive group had lower values of non-high density lipoprotein compared to the inactive obese. The non-obese active group presented lower insulin value when compared to the inactive obese. The inactive obese group presented higher values in the CRP when compared to the non-obese active and inactive groups when compared to non-obese and active obese group. There was a positive correlation between insulin, glucose, CRP and drug and total costs. CONCLUSIONS: Biochemical variables were different according to body composition and physical activity. Insulin, glucose and CRP were related to cost in drugs and total costs.

Immunometabolic Responses after Short and Moderate Rest Intervals to Strength Exercise with and without Similar Total Volume.

This study investigated the influence of short and moderate intervals of recovery with and without equated volume during an acute bout exhaustive strength exercise on metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory responses in healthy adults. Eight physically active men (23.5 ± 3.1) performed three randomized sequences: Short (70% of 1 RM with 30 s of rest); Moderate (70% of 1 RM with 90 s of rest); and Volume-Equated Short (70% of 1 RM with 30 s of rest between sets with a repetition volume equal to that performed in Moderate). All sequences of exercises were performed until movement failure in the squat, bench press and T-bar row exercises, respectively. Glucose, lactate, testosterone, IL-6, IL-10, IL-1ra, and MCP-1 levels were assessed at rest, immediate post-exercise, and 1 h post. There was a main effect of time for testosterone (p < 0.001). The post hoc indicated differences between post-exercise and rest and post-1 h and post-exercise (p < 0.001). Lactate increased post-exercise when compared to pre and post-1 h (p < 0.001) and maintained higher post-1 h in relation to rest. IL-6 was greater post-exercise than rest (p = 0.045) and post-1 h and rest (p = 0.020). IL-10 was greater post-exercise (p = 0.007) and post-1 h (p = 0.002) than rest. IL-1ra increased post-exercise in relation to rest (p = 0.003) and MCP-1 was greater post-exercise than rest (p < 0.001) and post-1 h (p = 0.043). There were no significant differences between conditions or interaction. Thus, both short and moderate intervals of recovery induced greater metabolic, hormonal and inflammatory responses after acute bout of exhaustive strength exercise in healthy adult.