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1.
Meat Sci ; 169: 108222, 2020 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32559684

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to evaluate whether crude glycerin (CG), which was supplied as a dietary ingredient for growing lambs, affected the macro- and micromineral contents of the longissimus lumborum (LL). Twenty-four lambs were placed in two treatments: animals that received no CG and animals that received CG as part of their diet. The experiment lasted for 56 days. The phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium and chromium contents in the LLs of the lambs were not significantly different between the groups. Cadmium, nickel and lead were not detected in the LLs of lambs fed CG. The zinc, iron and copper contents decreased in the LLs of lambs fed CG (approximately 10%, 14%, and 30%, respectively) (P ≤ .03). The sodium content in the LLs increased with the inclusion of CG in the diet (11%) (P = .029). We concluded that the zinc, iron and copper contents decreased in the LLs of the lambs fed CG and sodium content increased.


Subject(s)
Animal Feed/analysis , Glycerol/administration & dosage , Muscle, Skeletal/chemistry , Red Meat/analysis , Animals , Diet/veterinary , Male , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Sheep, Domestic , Sodium/analysis , Trace Elements/analysis
2.
Trop Anim Health Prod ; 52(5): 2567-2576, 2020 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32445157

ABSTRACT

The qualities of food, mainly of animal origin, have always been of concern to consumers. It is known that the composition of animals' diets can influence the composition of the foods produced, such as milk. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate diets with cactus pear in combination with different forages for F1 Holstein/Zebu cows on the chemical composition and fatty acid profile of milk. Two simultaneous 4 × 4 Latin squares were used in the experimental design. Four experimental diets were used: Diet 1, sorghum silage as the only roughage; Diet 2, sorghum silage combined with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage (dry matter basis); Diet 3, elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Roxo) as the only roughage; and Diet 4, elephant grass combined with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage. The roughage:concentrate ratio was 75:25. The milk urea nitrogen was higher (16.08 mg/dL) in the milk of cows fed the diet with only elephant grass than that of milk from the other diet groups. The other analyzed variables of the chemical composition of milk were not influenced by the diets. However, there was a change in the sum of the saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids. The content of C16:0 fatty acid was higher and that of C18:0 was lower in the milk of cows fed the cactus pear diets than in that of cows fed the other diets. Higher levels of oleic acid were observed in the milk of cows fed with diets containing elephant grass than those in the milk of the cows in the sorghum forage groups. Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) was higher in the milk of cows fed cactus pear than in that of the other cows. The combination of cactus pear with elephant grass or sorghum silage in the diet did not alter the chemical composition of milk. However, it influenced the fatty acid profile.


Subject(s)
Animal Feed/analysis , Cattle , Diet/veterinary , Dietary Fiber/analysis , Fatty Acids/chemistry , Opuntia , Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Animals , Female , Lactation/drug effects , Lactation/physiology , Milk/chemistry , Sorghum , Zea mays
3.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci ; 33(2): 236-244, 2020 02 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31208180

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of quantitative feed restriction on nutrient intake and digestibility, nitrogen balance, efficiency and feeding behavior, and productive performance in F1 Holstein/Zebu cows during the middle third of their lactation. METHODS: Sixty F1 Holstein/Zebu cows with 111.5 ± 11.75 days of lactation and an initial body weight (BW) of 499 ± 30 kg (mean ± SEM) were used. The experimental design was completely randomized with the following diet levels of feed restriction: 3.39%, 2.75%, 2.50%, 2.25% and 2.00% of BW, with 12 replications for each level.The experiment lasted for 63 days, of which each period lasted 21 days with the first 16 days for diet adaptation followed by 5 days for collection of data and samples. RESULTS: For each 1% of BW diet restriction, there was a decrease in dry matter intake of 5.26 kg/day (p <0.01). There was no difference in daily milk production (p = 0.09) under the restriction levels of 3.39% to 2.0% of BW. When corrected for 3.5% fat, milk production declined (p = 0.05) 3.46 kg/day for each percentage unit of feed restriction. CONCLUSION: Restricting the feed supply for F1 Holstein/Zebu cows in the middle third of their lactation period altered nutrient intake, nitrogen balance and ingestive behavior but did not affect milk production or feed efficiency. However, considering the observed body weight loss and decrease in milk production corrected for 3.5% fat, restriction of no less than 2.5% BW is recommended.

4.
Asian-Australas J Anim Sci ; 32(9): 1373-1380, 2019 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30744326

ABSTRACT

Objective: This study ascertained effects of cactus pear in association with different roughage in the diet of F1 Holstein/Zebu cows on intake, nutrient digestibility, nitrogen balance, ingestive behavior and performance. Methods: Eight cows with 72 ± 11 days of lactation were used. The experimental design was simultaneous in two 4 x 4 Latin squares. Four experimental diets were used: Diet 1 - sorghum silage as exclusive roughage; Diet 2 - sorghum silage associated with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage (dry basis); Diet 3 - elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum cv. Roxo) as exclusive roughage; Diet 4 - elephant grass associated with cactus pear in a proportion of 50% of the roughage. The roughage:concentrate ratio was 75:25. Dry matter intake (P = 0.01) was higher with sorghum silage. Results: There were differences in dry matter intake (P = 0.01), crude protein (P <0.01), ether extract (P = 0.01), non-fibrous carbohydrates (P <0.01) and total digestible nutrients (P = 0.01) among the diets. Cactus pear in the diet reduced water intake by 44.52% (P < 0.01). The nitrogen balance was 59.71% and 27.49% lower in animals treated with exclusive sorghum silage and sorghum silage associated with cactus pear in relation to diets with elephant grass and elephant grass associated with cactus pear, respectively (P < 0.01). The diets did not influence the milk production (P = 0.70), 3.5% fat corrected milk production (P = 0.72) or feed efficiency (P = 0.61). Conclusion: The association of cactus pear with sorghum or elephant grass silage does not alter milk production, reduces the intake of dry matter and water and improves the digestibility of nutrients.

5.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 24(4): 189-196, out-dez. 2017. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-964417

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar qualidade do leite e do queijo Minas frescal produzido do leite de vacas alimentadas com inclusão da casca de banana seca ao sol, com ou sem adição de agentes químicos durante o processo de secagem. Foram utilizadas oito vacas F1 Holandês x Zebu, em dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4, com as seguintes dietas experimentais: dieta convencional com silagem de sorgo sem a inclusão da casca de banana (controle); dieta com inclusão da casca de banana seca ao sol em substituição de 20% da silagem de sorgo; dieta com inclusão da casca de banana seca ao sol com 2% de calcário em substituição de 20% da silagem de sorgo; dieta com inclusão da casca de banana seca ao sol com 2% de óxido de cálcio em substituição de 20% da silagem de sorgo. As amostras de leite de cada vaca foram coletadas e analisadas quanto aos teores de gordura, proteína, lactose, cinzas, sólidos totais e extrato seco desengordurado. Após esta etapa, foi realizada a elaboração de queijo Minas frescal, sendo verificados rendimento, textura, acidez titulável, pH, proteína, teor de umidade, gordura, resíduo mineral fixo, extrato seco total e realizado o teste de aceitação pelo consumidor. A composição química do leite e do queijo não apresentou influência das dietas com casca de banana. Entretanto, o rendimento ajustado para produção de queijo foi estatisticamente inferior com as dietas contendo casca de banana tratada com os aditivos químicos. Quanto à aceitação geral dos queijos pelos consumidores, não houve diferenças entre os tratamentos. Desse modo, a utilização de casca de banana seca ao sol sem aditivos químicos em substituição parcial à silagem de sorgo na dieta de vacas em lactação pode ser uma alternativa viável para produção e processamento do leite, mantendo a qualidade do produto.


Subject(s)
Animals , Quality Control , Food Analysis
6.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 84: e0192015, 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-887855

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to evaluate yield, fatty acid profile, physical, chemical and sensory composition of Minas fresh cheese made with milk from cows fed diets containing different sources of nitrogen compounds (soybean meal, urea, sunflower meal and detoxified castor bean meal). Eight F1 Holstein/Zebu cows with average production of 20 kg milk corrected to 3.5% fat day-1 were distributed in two 4 × 4 Latin squares, consisting of four treatments (diets), four animals and four experimental periods. Cheese was produced on the last day of each experimental period. The physical and chemical composition, yield and texture of cheese were similar between diets. The used diets influenced the concentration of fatty acid C11:0, which was higher for diets with soybean meal and sunflower meal; C18:2 C9-T11 (CLA) was higher for diets with urea, soybean meal and sunflower meal and C20:3 for diets with soybean meal and urea. For the other saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids, differences were not detected. Different sources of nitrogen compounds in the diet for cows with average production of 20 kg milk corrected to 3.5% fat day-1 have no effect on the physical or chemical composition, yield, as well as acceptance of Minas fresh cheese. However, it can influence the fatty acid profile in the cheese fat.(AU)


Objetivou-se avaliar rendimento, perfil de ácidos graxos, composição físico-química e sensorial do queijo Minas frescal produzido do leite de vacas alimentadas com dietas com diferentes fontes de compostos nitrogenados (farelo de soja, ureia, farelo de girassol e farelo de mamona detoxicado). Foram utilizadas oito vacas F1 Holandesas/Zebu, com produção média de 20 kg de leite corrigido para 3,5% de gordura dia-1, em dois quadrados latinos 4 × 4, sendo compostos de quatro tratamentos (dietas), quatro animais e quatro períodos experimentais cada. Os queijos foram fabricados no último dia de cada período experimental. A composição físico-química, o rendimento e a textura do queijo foram semelhantes entre dietas experimentais. As dietas utilizadas influenciaram a concentração do ácido graxo C11:0, sendo superior para as dietas com farelo de soja e farelo de girassol; o C18:2 C9-T11 (CLA) mostrou-se superior para as dietas com ureia, farelo de soja e farelo de girassol; e o C20:3 para as dietas com farelo de soja e ureia. Para os demais ácidos graxos saturados, monoinsaturados e poli-insaturados não foram observadas diferenças. Diferentes fontes de compostos nitrogenados na dieta de vacas, com produção média de 20 kg de leite corrigido para 3,5% de gordura, não alteram a composição físico-química, o rendimento nem a aceitação do queijo Minas frescal, entretanto pode influenciar o perfil de ácidos graxos da gordura do queijo.(AU)


Subject(s)
Cheese , Milk , Fatty Acids , Food Analysis
7.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 23(3-4): 174-179, jul./dez. 2016. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-987491

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se avaliar a inclusão de ureia em substituição do farelo de soja na dieta de vacas F1 Holandês x Zebu sobre parâmetros digestivos, produtivos e econômicos. Os níveis de substituição foram de 0, 33, 66 e 100%. Foram utilizadas 8 vacas distribuídas em dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4, com 4 períodos de 18 dias. As amostras de alimentos, sobras, fezes e leite foram analisadas em laboratório e a análise econômica foi realizada por custeio direto. O consumo de matéria seca, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro, carboidratos não fibrosos e nutrientes digestíveis totais, assim como a digestibilidade não foram influenciados pelos níveis de ureia nas dietas. Já a digestibilidade da proteína bruta aumentou linearmente. A produção de leite, ganho de peso, escore de condição corporal e a eficiência de uso do nitrogênio dietético não foram alterados, favorecendo economicamente o uso da maior inclusão de ureia nas dietas. Concluiu-se que a substituição total do farelo de soja pela ureia na dieta de vacas primíparas F1 Holandês x Zebu, não modifica os parâmetros digestivos, mantém o escore de condição corporal, permite o uso do nitrogênio de forma eficiente e é economicamente viável em relação ao uso de farelo de soja, para uma produção média de 10 kg de leite dia.


It was evaluated the inclusion of urea in place of soybean meal in the diet of cows F1 Holstein x Zebu on digestive, productive and economic parameters. The substitution levels of soybean meal by urea were 0, 33, 66 and 100%. It was used eight cows distributed in a two Latin squares 4 x 4, with four periods of 18 days. The feed, orts, milk and feces samples were analyzed in the laboratory and the economic analysis was performed by direct costing. The DM intake, CP, NDF, NFC and TDN as well as the digestibility were not influenced by levels of urea in the diets. The CP digestibility showed increasing linear effect. Milk production, gaining weight, body condition score and the dietary nitrogen use efficiency were unchanged, favoring the use of the economically most urea inclusion in diets. It was concluded that the total replacement of soybean meal by urea in the diet of primiparous cows F1 Holstein x Zebu, does not modify the digestive parameters of animals, keeps the body condition score, allows the use of nitrogen efficiently and economically viable regarding the use of soybean meal to an average production of 10 kg of milk day


Subject(s)
Humans , Urea , Cattle , Proteins , Diet
8.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 22(2): 107-113, abr.-jun.2015. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1008327

ABSTRACT

O estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade do queijo minas frescal processado com leite de vacas alimentadas com dietas com níveis crescentes de ureia (0; 33%; 66% e 100%, que corresponderam a 0, 0,92, 1,84 e 2,77% de PB na forma de NNP) em substituição ao farelo de soja. Foram utilizadas oito vacas F1 Holandês x Zebu, primíparas, com aproximadamente 150 dias de lactação ao início do experimento e produção média de 10kg de leite corrigido para 3,5 % de gordura dia -1 , em dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4, 4 animais, 4 dietas e 4 períodos experimentais. As amostras de leite de cada vaca, da ordenha da manhã e da tarde, foram coletadas e analisadas quanto à composição físico-química. No terceiro dia de coleta, o leite obtido de cada tratamento foi processado para fabricação do queijo minas frescal. Os produtos foram analisados quanto às suas características físico-químicas, textura, rendimento, perfil de ácidos graxos, e aceitação sensorial. Não houve efeito da adição dos níveis crescentes de ureia em substituição ao farelo de soja na dieta das vacas para todos os parâmetros que indicam a qualidade dos queijos analisados. Dessa forma, conclui-se que a substituição total da ureia pelo farelo de soja na dieta com o intuito de reduzir custo de alimentação não altera a qualidade na produção do queijo minas frescal.


The study aimed to evaluate the quality of the minas fresh cheese processed with milk cows fed diets with increasing levels of urea (0, 33%, 66% and 100%, corresponding to 0, 0.92, 1.84 and 2.77% crude protein in the form of NPN) replacing soybean meal. Eight cows F1 Holstein x Zebu, gilts, with approximately 150 days of lactation to the beginning of the experiment and average production of 10 kg of milk corrected to 3.5% fat day-1, in two Latin squares 4 x 4, 4 animals, 4 diets and 4 experimental periods. Samples of milk from each cow, the milking morning and afternoon, were collected and analyzed for physical and chemical composition. On the third day of collection, the milk obtained from each treatment was processed for the production of minas fresh cheese. Products were analyzed as to their physical and chemical characteristics, texture, yield, fatty acid profile, and sensory acceptance. There was no effect of the addition of increasing levels of urea in substitution of soybean meal in the diet of cows to all the parameters that indicate the quality of cheeses analyzed. Thus, it is concluded that the total replacement of soybean meal by urea in order to reduce power cost does not change the quality in the production of minas fresh cheese.


Subject(s)
Urea , Cheese , Protein Kinases , Glycine max , Fats
9.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 21(4): 192-198, out.-dez.2014. il.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1021969

ABSTRACT

This work aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior and milk production of F1 Holstein x Zebu cows subjected to increasing levels of urea in the diets. Diets contained 0, 33, 66 and 100% replacement of soybean bran by urea, which corresponded to 0, 0.92, 1.84 and 2.77% of CP in the form of NPN, formulated to be isoproteic and for an average production of 10 liters of milk per cow day-1. We used two 4 x 4 Latin squares, with 4 animals, 4 diets and 4 experimental periods of 18 days each, with the first 15 days of diet adaptation and the last three days for evaluation of ingestive behavior and milk production. The cows were subjected to visual observation at each period, for two consecutive days. There were differences in feeding and idle times, and total chewing time, with quadratic behavior for these variables. Feeding time decreased with 1.78% NPN and idle time increased with the level of 1.96% of CP in the form of NPN. The total chewing time decreased with 1.95% of CP in the form of NPN. The intake, chewing and ruminating time and the efficiencies of feeding and rumination of the DM and of the NDF did not differ. The replacement of soybean brain by urea in the diet of crossbred cows produced changes in the feeding, idle and total chewing times, however, it did not influence milk production of the cows.


Objetivou-se por meio deste trabalho avaliar o comportamento ingestivo e a produção de leite de vacas F1 Holandês x Zebu submetidas a níveis crescentes de ureia nas dietas. As dietas foram constituídas de 0, 33, 66 e 100% de substituição do farelo de soja pela ureia, o que correspondeu a 0, 0,92, 1,84 e 2,77% de PB na forma de NNP, formuladas para serem isoproteicas e para uma produção média de 10 litros de leite por vaca/dia-1. Foram utilizados dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4, com 4 animais, 4 dietas e 4 períodos experimentais de 18 dias cada, sendo os primeiros 15 dias de adaptação às dietas e os três últimos dias para avaliações do comportamento ingestivo e produção de leite. As vacas foram submetidas à observação visual a cada período, durante dois dias consecutivos. Houve diferença para os tempos de alimentação, ócio e tempo total de mastigação, com comportamento quadrático para estas variáveis. O tempo de alimentação diminuiu com 1,78% NNP e o tempo em ócio aumentou com o nível de 1,96% de PB na forma de NNP. O tempo total de mastigação diminuiu com 1,95% de PB na forma de NNP. Os tempos de consumo, mastigação e ruminação e as eficiências de alimentação e ruminação da MS e da FDN, não diferiram. A substituição do farelo de soja pela ureia na dieta de vacas mestiças ocasionou mudanças nos tempos de alimentação, ócio e tempo total de mastigação, entretanto, não influenciou a produção de leite das vacas


Subject(s)
Animals , Rumination, Digestive , Nitrogen
10.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 21(3): 192-198, jul.-set. 2014. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1491582

ABSTRACT

This work aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior and milk production of F1 Holstein x Zebu cows subjected to increasing levels of urea in the diets. Diets contained 0, 33, 66 and 100% replacement of soybean bran by urea, which corresponded to 0, 0.92, 1.84 and 2.77% of CP in the form of NPN, formulated to be isoproteic and for an average production of 10 liters of milk per cow day-1. We used two 4 x 4 Latin squares, with 4 animals, 4 diets and 4 experimental periods of 18 days each, with the first 15 days of diet adaptation and the last three days for evaluation of ingestive behavior and milk production. The cows were subjected to visual observation at each period, for two consecutive days. There were differences in feeding and idle times, and total chewing time, with quadratic behavior for these variables. Feeding time decreased with 1.78% NPN and idle time increased with the level of 1.96% of CP in the form of NPN. The total chewing time decreased with 1.95% of CP in the form of NPN. The intake, chewing and ruminating time and the efficiencies of feeding and rumination of the DM and of the NDF did not differ. The replacement of soybean brain by urea in the diet of crossbred cows produced changes in the feeding, idle and total chewing times, however, it did not influence milk production of the cows.


Objetivou-se por meio deste trabalho avaliar o comportamento ingestivo e a produção de leite de vacas F1 Holandês x Zebusubmetidas a níveis crescentes de ureia nas dietas. As dietas foram constituídas de 0, 33, 66 e 100% de substituição do farelo desoja pela ureia, o que correspondeu a 0, 0,92, 1,84 e 2,77% de PB na forma de NNP, formuladas para serem isoproteicas e parauma produção média de 10 litros de leite por vaca/dia-1. Foram utilizados dois quadrados latinos 4 x 4, com 4 animais, 4 dietas e 4períodos experimentais de 18 dias cada, sendo os primeiros 15 dias de adaptação às dietas e os três últimos dias para avaliaçõesdo comportamento ingestivo e produção de leite. As vacas foram submetidas à observação visual a cada período, durante doisdias consecutivos. Houve diferença para os tempos de alimentação, ócio e tempo total de mastigação, com comportamentoquadrático para estas variáveis. O tempo de alimentação diminuiu com 1,78% NNP e o tempo em ócio aumentou com o nívelde 1,96% de PB na forma de NNP. O tempo total de mastigação diminuiu com 1,95% de PB na forma de NNP. Os tempos deconsumo, mastigação e ruminação e as eficiências de alimentação e ruminação da MS e da FDN, não diferiram. A substituiçãodo farelo de soja pela ureia na dieta de vacas mestiças ocasionou mudanças nos tempos de alimentação, ócio e tempo total demastigação, entretanto, não influenciou a produção de leite das vacas.


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Cattle , Behavior, Animal , Nitrogen Compounds , Eating , Urea/administration & dosage
11.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 21(1): 33-37, 2014. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1491552

ABSTRACT

Estudou-se a lactação de vacas F1 Holandês x Gir, Holandês x Guzerá, Holandês x Azebuado e Holandês x Nelore em nove ordens de partos obtida em duas ordenhas diárias. Analisou-se a produção média diária, o pico de lactação, o dia que ocorreu o pico e a proporção da produção na primeira e segunda ordenha diária. O sistema de produção, no qual os animais foram criados, utilizava-se de pastagens de Brachiaria decumbens e Brachiaria brizanta como alimentação volumosa na época das chuvas e silagem de milho e ou cana-de-açúcar como suplementos na época da seca.. A ração concentrada foi fornecida de acordo com a produção leiteira. Observou que todas as características avaliadas foram diretamente influenciadas pela ordem de partos e base materna. Dentre os resultados encontrados, destaca-se que, a produção média diária de leite das vacas F1 Holandês x Gir e Holandês x Azebuado foram maiores e similares entre si, enquanto que vacas F1 Holandês x Guzerá e Holandês x Nelore tiveram menores produções e também foram similares entre si. Conclui-se que todos os grupos genéticos podem ser utilizados para a produção de leite por apresentarem produções médias diárias superiores a 10 kg/vaca/dia, sendo compatíveis com a produção de leite em pasto.


We studied the lactation of F1 Holstein x Gir, Holstein x Guzerat, Holstein x Azebuado and Holstein x Nellore cows in nine calvingorders from two daily milkings. The average daily production, the lactation peak, the day when the peak occurred and the ratio ofproduction in the first and in the second daily milking were analyzed. In the production system, in which the animals were raised, Brachiaria decumbens and Brachiaria brizanta grazing were used as roughage in the rainy season, and corn silage or cane sugaras supplement in the dry season. The concentrate ration was supplied in accordance with the production. It was observed that all of the evaluated traits were directly influenced by the calving order and maternal basis. Amongst the findings, it is outstood that, the average daily milk production of F1 Holstein x Gir and Holstein x Azebuado cows were higher and similar between them while F1 Holstein x Guzerat and Holstein x Nellore cows presented lower productions and they were also similar between them. It is concluded that all of the genotypes groups can be used for the milk production because presenting average daily production higher than 10 kg/cow/day, being compatible with milk production in pasture.


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Cattle , Cattle , Lactation , Breeding
12.
Rev. bras. ciênc. vet ; 21(1): 44-52, 2014. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1491560

ABSTRACT

O experimento foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar consumo, digestibilidade e desempenho de novilhas ¾ Zebu x Holandês submetidas a diferentes níveis de substituição da silagem de sorgo por silagem de capim-marandu. Foram utilizadas vinte novihas com peso médio inicial de 346,25kg, distribuídas em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com 5 repetições, onde no Tratamento 1- fração volumosa da dieta composta por 100% de silagem de sorgo; Tratamento 2- fração volumosa da dieta composta por 70% de silagem de sorgo e 30% de silagem de capim-marandu; Tratamento 3- fração volumosa da dieta composta por 30% de silagem de sorgo e 70% de silagem de capim-marandu; Tratamento 4- fração volumosa da dieta composta por 100%de silagem de capim-marandu. Juntamente com os volumosos foi adicionado concentrado na proporção de 1,2% do peso vivo,sendo as dietas isoproteicas, tendo como única fonte de variação os diferentes volumosos e suas proporções em cada tratamento.O aumento dos níveis de substituição da silagem de sorgo por silagem de capim-marandu aumentou consumo de matéria mineral e diminuiu consumo de carboidratos não fibrosos e nutrientes digestíveis totais, porém não alterou consumo de matéria seca,proteína bruta, extrato etéreo e fibra em detergente neutro. Interferiu de forma linear decrescente nos coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro e extrato etéreo, prejudicando o ganho de peso das novilhas.


The experiment was carried out in order to evaluate intake, digestibility and performance of ¾ Zebu x Holstein heifers submitted to different levels of substitution of sorghum silage by marandu grass silage. Twenty heifers were used with initial average weight of 346.25 kg, divided into entirely randomized experimental design with 5 repetitions in which the Treatment 1 - roughage fraction of the diet composed of 100% of sorghum silage; Treatment 2 - roughage fraction of the diet composed of 70% of sorghum silageand 30% of marandu grass silage; Treatment 3 - roughage fraction of the diet composed of 30% of sorghum silage and 70% of marandu grass silage; Treatment 4 - roughage fraction of the diet composed of 100% of marandu grass silage. The concentrate was added to roughage, made calculations for ingestion of 1.2% of the live weight, and diets isonitrogenous with the sole source of variation in the different forages and their proportions in each treatment. The increased levels of substitution of sorghum silageby marandu grass silage increased consumption of mineral matter, decreased consumption of non-fiber carbohydrates and total digestible nutrients, but did not alter the intake of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and neutral detergent fiber. Interfered linear decrease in digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber and ether extract, affecting weight gain of heifers.


Subject(s)
Female , Animals , Cattle , Cattle/growth & development , Eating , Silage , Animal Feed , Rumination, Digestive
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