ABSTRACT
The type of podal lesion varies according to the disease and several factors may be considered as determinants of high prevalence in breeding stocks. It severity is often attributed to the extension of the lesion and the impairment of structures that compose the hoof. However, clinically, it is noted that digital lesions that appear to a have mild or moderate tissue impairment area are identified as causing severe lameness in cattle. It is worth noting that the economic losses caused by this disease often go unnoticed by producers, a fact that is worrying, since the values are generally high. The objective with this paper was the analysis of epidemiological data of podal diseases in dairy cows, evaluating the influence of the different types and severity of those lesions, correlating them to the type and degree of lameness. The work was conducted in the Southwest of the State of Goiás in ten dairy farms and 190 Holstein, Jersey and mixed breed cows affected by different digital lesions were used. Scores for lameness and podal diseases were established. The data allowed to point out that digital dermatitis was the disease with higher incidence and the right pelvic limb, the most affected. In addition, digital lesions that are usually considered severe are not always responsible for severe lameness.
ABSTRACT
The type of podal lesion varies according to the disease and several factors may be considered as determinants of high prevalence in breeding stocks. It severity is often attributed to the extension of the lesion and the impairment of structures that compose the hoof. However, clinically, it is noted that digital lesions that appear to a have mild or moderate tissue impairment area are identified as causing severe lameness in cattle. It is worth noting that the economic losses caused by this disease often go unnoticed by producers, a fact that is worrying, since the values are generally high. The objective with this paper was the analysis of epidemiological data of podal diseases in dairy cows, evaluating the influence of the different types and severity of those lesions, correlating them to the type and degree of lameness. The work was conducted in the Southwest of the State of Goiás in ten dairy farms and 190 Holstein, Jersey and mixed breed cows affected by different digital lesions were used. Scores for lameness and podal diseases were established. The data allowed to point out that digital dermatitis was the disease with higher incidence and the right pelvic limb, the most affected. In addition, digital lesions that are usually considered severe are not always responsible for severe lameness.
ABSTRACT
O presente trabalho objetivou descrever aspectos epidemiológicos, clínicos e histológicos das lesões e avaliar a viabilidade de um protocolo terapêutico para estefanofilariose localizada na pele do úbere de vacas lactantes. Utilizou-se no estudo 40 fêmeas bovinas de aptidão para leite em lactação com lesões características de estefanofilariose. Os animais foram distribuídos em dois grupos (GI e GII), sendo as feridas dos bovinos que constituíram o GI higienizadas com hipoclorito de sódio e tratadas diariamente com aplicação tópica de pomada contendo triclorfon, ivermectina, dexametasona, calêndula, óxido de zinco e pomada aderente de vaselina sódica, associada à aplicação parenteral de ivermectina a 1%. O GII foi utilizado como controle não sendo tratado. Do total de bovinos que fizeram parte do GI, 12 (60%) recuperaram-se até o 45o dia de tratamento e oito (40%) tiveram a cura clínica entre 45-60 dias. O diagnóstico de estefanofilariose geralmente é presuntivo, sendo que os aspectos relacionados à epidemiologia, achados clínicos e à resposta positiva ao tratamento auxiliam na confirmação da enfermidade. Os exames histopatológicos auxiliam no diagnóstico revelando a presença do nematódeo, embora a observação do parasito não seja freqüente. O protocolo terapêutico empregado mostrou-se economicamente viável e eficiente, com recuperação de todas as lesões.
The aim was to describe epidemiological, clinical and histological aspects of parasitic lesions caused by Stephanofilariasis on the udder of nursing cows and to evaluate the viability of a therapeutic protocol. Forty lactating cows with characteristic Stephanofilariasis lesions were divided into two groups, GI and GII. The wounds on the udder of the GI cows were cleansed with sodium hydrochloride and treated topically with an ointment consisting of trichlorphone, ivermectine, dexamethasone, calendula, zinc oxide and an adherent ointment of sodium vaseline, associated with the parenteral application of 1% ivermectine. GII served as control group and was left untreated. Twelve cows (60%) of GI had recovered on the 45th day of treatment and 8 cows (40%) showed clinical cure within 45-60 days. The diagnosis of Stephanofilaria stilesi infection is generally presumptive. Epidemiologically-related aspects, clinical findings and positive response to treatment help to confirm the disease. Histopathological exams also assist in the diagnosis when the presence of nematodes can be revealed, although this finding is not frequent. The therapeutic protocol employed proved to be economically viable and efficient, with recovery of all the lesions.
ABSTRACT
The aim of present work was to evaluate the changes of cervico-vaginal epithelial cells and progesterone levels of nuliparous goats submitted to artificial photoperiod, in Middle-West of Brazil. Seventh Alpine and six crossbreed nuliparous goats were used, distributed in two groups: control (GC), maintained at isolated stall and submitted to natural light for the time of the year, and treated (GT), submitted to an alternate regime among natural and artificial light, for 24 hours and 35 uninterrupted days. Cérvico-vaginal content was collected, prepared on glass slides and differential cellular counts were carried out on Papanicolau smears. The progesterone concentration in blood serum was measurement by ELISA. Parabasal were the most frequent cell type present, followed by intermediate cells, mainly in the end of metaestrus and diestrus. Superficial cornified cells were present during proestrus and estrus. The cellular profile and progesterone concentrations oscillated in agreement with estrus cycle phase in control animals, but confuse on the begin of experimental period for treated animals. Cytological evaluation of cervico-vaginal content could be of value for a hormonal bioassay of estrus cycle of goats submitted to artificial photoperiod just after the adaptation period. KEY WORDS: Artificial photoperiod, caprine, hormone, vaginal cytology.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as alterações celulares do epitélio cérvico-vaginal e as concentrações de progesterona sérica em cabras nulíparas expostas ao fotoperíodo artificial, na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Dezessete cabras da raça Alpina e seis mestiças, nulíparas, foram aleatoriamente distribuídas em grupo-controle (GC), mantido em galpão isolado e submetido ao regime de luz natural para a época do ano, e grupo tratado (GT), submetido ao regime alternado entre luz natural e artificial, por 24 horas durante 35 dias ininterruptos. Realizou-se colheita de conteúdo cérvico-vaginal para preparo de esfregaços, que foram corados pelo método Papanicolau. A concentração sérica de progesterona foi mensurada por enzimaimunoensaio. Verificou-se predomínio de células parabasais, seguido de células intermediárias, principalmente no final do metaestro e diestro. Células superficiais queratinizadas foram relacionadas às fases de proestro e estro. O perfil celular acompanhou as oscilações das concentrações séricas de progesterona, as quais sofreram modificações de acordo com a fase do ciclo estral nos animais-controle, mas com um período confuso no início da exposição à luz artificial, nos animais tratados. O estudo das modificações celulares do epitélio cérvico-vaginal pode ser valioso como um bioensaio hormonal do ciclo estral em cabras submetidas ao fotoperíodo artific
ABSTRACT
This report describes the clinic, anatomopathological and microbiological aspects of a case of chronic epididymitis in dog caused by Enterobacter cloacae. A three-year-old Boxer male dog with a history of scrotum unilateral swelling was submitted to cytopathologic examination. After cytologic diagnosis sugestive of bacterial orchitis/ epididymitis was indicated the castration. Grossly, the right epididymis was very firm and enlarged with irregular cut surface. Epididymis and testicle samples were collected to histologic and microbiologic exams. Histologic diagnosis of chronic epididymitis and testicular degeneration were confirmed. In the bacteriological valuation, E. cloacae was identified. Diferential diagnosis was realized especially with orchitis and testicular/epididymal neoplasms. Apparently, the present case is a first descrititon of epididymitis in dog associated to E. cloacae infection. KEY WORDS: Dog, epididymitis, Enterobacter cloacae.
Este relato descreve os aspectos clínicos, anatomopatológicos e microbiológicos de um caso de epididimite crônica em cão causada por Enterobacter cloacae. Um cão macho, Boxer, de três anos de idade, com histórico de tumefação unilateral na bolsa escrotal foi submetido à avaliação citopatológica. Após o diagnóstico citológico, sugestivo de orquite ou epididimite bacteriana, indicou-se a castração do animal. Macroscopicamente, o epidídimo direito estava muito aumentado de volume, firme e com superfície de corte irregular. Coletaram-se amostras de epidídimo e testículo para exames histopatológico e microbiológico, os quais revelaram epididimite crônica, degeneração testicular e identificação de E. cloacae. Diagnóstico diferencial foi realizado principalmente com orquite e neoplasias testiculares ou epididimárias. Esse parece ser o primeiro caso descrito de epididimite em cão associada à infecção por E. cloacae. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Cão, epididimite, Enterobacter cloacae
ABSTRACT
Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.
ABSTRACT
This report describes the clinic, anatomopathological and microbiological aspects of a case of chronic epididymitis in dog caused by Enterobacter cloacae. A three-year-old Boxer male dog with a history of scrotum unilateral swelling was submitted to cytopathologic examination. After cytologic diagnosis sugestive of bacterial orchitis/ epididymitis was indicated the castration. Grossly, the right epididymis was very firm and enlarged with irregular cut surface. Epididymis and testicle samples were collected to histologic and microbiologic exams. Histologic diagnosis of chronic epididymitis and testicular degeneration were confirmed. In the bacteriological valuation, E. cloacae was identified. Diferential diagnosis was realized especially with orchitis and testicular/epididymal neoplasms. Apparently, the present case is a first descrititon of epididymitis in dog associated to E. cloacae infection. KEY WORDS: Dog, epididymitis, Enterobacter cloacae.
Este relato descreve os aspectos clínicos, anatomopatológicos e microbiológicos de um caso de epididimite crônica em cão causada por Enterobacter cloacae. Um cão macho, Boxer, de três anos de idade, com histórico de tumefação unilateral na bolsa escrotal foi submetido à avaliação citopatológica. Após o diagnóstico citológico, sugestivo de orquite ou epididimite bacteriana, indicou-se a castração do animal. Macroscopicamente, o epidídimo direito estava muito aumentado de volume, firme e com superfície de corte irregular. Coletaram-se amostras de epidídimo e testículo para exames histopatológico e microbiológico, os quais revelaram epididimite crônica, degeneração testicular e identificação de E. cloacae. Diagnóstico diferencial foi realizado principalmente com orquite e neoplasias testiculares ou epididimárias. Esse parece ser o primeiro caso descrito de epididimite em cão associada à infecção por E. cloacae. PALAVRAS-CHAVES: Cão, epididimite, Enterobacter cloacae
ABSTRACT
The aim of present work was to evaluate the changes of cervico-vaginal epithelial cells and progesterone levels of nuliparous goats submitted to artificial photoperiod, in Middle-West of Brazil. Seventh Alpine and six crossbreed nuliparous goats were used, distributed in two groups: control (GC), maintained at isolated stall and submitted to natural light for the time of the year, and treated (GT), submitted to an alternate regime among natural and artificial light, for 24 hours and 35 uninterrupted days. Cérvico-vaginal content was collected, prepared on glass slides and differential cellular counts were carried out on Papanicolau smears. The progesterone concentration in blood serum was measurement by ELISA. Parabasal were the most frequent cell type present, followed by intermediate cells, mainly in the end of metaestrus and diestrus. Superficial cornified cells were present during proestrus and estrus. The cellular profile and progesterone concentrations oscillated in agreement with estrus cycle phase in control animals, but confuse on the begin of experimental period for treated animals. Cytological evaluation of cervico-vaginal content could be of value for a hormonal bioassay of estrus cycle of goats submitted to artificial photoperiod just after the adaptation period. KEY WORDS: Artificial photoperiod, caprine, hormone, vaginal cytology.
O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar as alterações celulares do epitélio cérvico-vaginal e as concentrações de progesterona sérica em cabras nulíparas expostas ao fotoperíodo artificial, na região Centro-Oeste do Brasil. Dezessete cabras da raça Alpina e seis mestiças, nulíparas, foram aleatoriamente distribuídas em grupo-controle (GC), mantido em galpão isolado e submetido ao regime de luz natural para a época do ano, e grupo tratado (GT), submetido ao regime alternado entre luz natural e artificial, por 24 horas durante 35 dias ininterruptos. Realizou-se colheita de conteúdo cérvico-vaginal para preparo de esfregaços, que foram corados pelo método Papanicolau. A concentração sérica de progesterona foi mensurada por enzimaimunoensaio. Verificou-se predomínio de células parabasais, seguido de células intermediárias, principalmente no final do metaestro e diestro. Células superficiais queratinizadas foram relacionadas às fases de proestro e estro. O perfil celular acompanhou as oscilações das concentrações séricas de progesterona, as quais sofreram modificações de acordo com a fase do ciclo estral nos animais-controle, mas com um período confuso no início da exposição à luz artificial, nos animais tratados. O estudo das modificações celulares do epitélio cérvico-vaginal pode ser valioso como um bioensaio hormonal do ciclo estral em cabras submetidas ao fotoperíodo artific
ABSTRACT
Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.
ABSTRACT
Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.
ABSTRACT
Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.
ABSTRACT
Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.
ABSTRACT
Ovariectomy is a common surgical spaying method in mares, which it leads to short/medium-term masculinization and improves especially their stamina. This study aimed to assess the economic, clinical and histological aspects of the polyamide tie-rap for haemostasis in surgical sterilization of twelve seven-year-old mares, with or without ovary excision. The equines were spayed with polyamide tie-rap for pedicle preventive haemostasis. The left ovary was excised after mesovarium clamping. The polyamide device was also used in the opposite pedicle, though the ovary was not excised. The mean operating cost was determined, the wound healing was assessed and macroscopic and histological evaluation of the pedicles and ovaries were achieved in the post-op. The mean operating cost of the surgical procedure was US$ 69,44. The ovaries were atrophied and with multifocal necrosis areas, firm irregular nodules and follicles. These nodules were histologically recognized as granulomas. The polyamide tie-rap was efficient in controlling hemorrhage and safe for surgical purpose in the experimental model studied. However, it did not interrupt ovarian activity in the non-excised gland.
ABSTRACT
Implantes biológicos e sintéticos têm sido comumente utilizados em cirurgia experimental com resultados promissores. Esse trabalho tem por objetivo avaliar a viabilidade do compósito de látex, poliamida e polilisina a 0,1% como implante nas hernioplastias umbilicais recidivantes. Utilizou-se 12 bovinos, mestiços e machos (idade 810m). As hernioplastias foram efetuadas com a justaposição do compósito sob o anel herniário. Efetuou-se avaliações clínicas diárias, por meio de escores, como segue: processo inflamatório (0-3), deiscência da ferida cirúrgica (0-2), além de abscessos, fistulações e recidiva (0-1, cada). Realizou-se avaliação macroscópica do sítio de implantação e colheita de material para histopatologia em dois animais aos 15 dias, dois aos 30 dias e dois aos 45 dias após o implante. Aos 10 dias de pós-operatório, observou-se processo inflamatório de escore 1 nos doze animais. Constatou-se após a biópsia, processo inflamatório de escore 3 nos seis animais e deiscência da ferida cirúrgica com escore 1 em quatro bovinos e escore 2 em dois animais. Verificou-se intensa associação entre o tecido conjuntivo neoformado e o tecido muscular, promovendo estabilidade e reparação cicatricial. No 15º dia observou-se fibroblastos associados à neovascularização e infiltrado de macrófagos, linfócitos e plasmócitos. Afastando-se da área de implante, havia predominância de colágeno. N