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1.
Clin Sports Med ; 40(2): 323-338, 2021 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33673890

ABSTRACT

Core muscle injury is a common but difficult problem to treat. Although it can affect all individuals, it is most commonly seen in male athletes in cutting, twisting, pivoting, and explosive sports. Owing to the high association of femoroacetabular impingement, we believe these individuals are best treated with a multidisciplinary approach involving both orthopedic and general surgeons. Conservative treatment should be the first step in management. When conservative means are unsuccessful, operative intervention to correct all the pathologic issues around the pubis can have extremely high success rates.


Subject(s)
Athletic Injuries , Muscles/injuries , Abdominal Muscles/injuries , Athletes , Femoracetabular Impingement , Groin/injuries , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male
2.
Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol ; 311(5): L903-L912, 2016 Nov 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27638902

ABSTRACT

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in both adult and pediatric intensive care units. A key event in the development of ARDS is neutrophil recruitment into the lungs leading to tissue damage and destruction. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is the major human chemokine responsible for neutrophil recruitment into the lungs. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) has been shown to be a key regulator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, which control the production of IL-8. Previously, our laboratory employed an in vitro model to show that inhibition of PP2A results in an increase in IL-8 production in human alveolar epithelial cells. The objective of this study was to determine whether PP2A regulated this response in vivo by investigating the impact of pharmacologic activation of PP2A on chemokine production and activation of the MAPK cascade and lung injury using endotoxin- and bacterial-challenge models of ARDS in mice. N6-cyclopentyladenosine (N6-CPA) increased PP2A activity and inhibited endotoxin-induced cytokine production in a murine alveolar macrophage cell line. N6-CPA pretreatment in mice challenged with intratracheal endotoxin decreased chemokine production, reduced neutrophil infiltration, and attenuated lung injury. Following initiation of lung injury with live Pseudomonas aeruginosa, mice that received N6-CPA 4 h following bacterial challenge showed attenuated chemokine production and reduced neutrophil infiltration compared with control mice. Pharmacologic PP2A activation both limited and prevented inflammation and tissue injury in two direct injury models of ARDS. These results suggest modulation of PP2A activity as a therapeutic target in ARDS.


Subject(s)
Acute Lung Injury/enzymology , Inflammation/metabolism , Inflammation/pathology , Protein Phosphatase 2/metabolism , Acute Lung Injury/pathology , Adenosine/analogs & derivatives , Adenosine/pharmacology , Animals , Cell Line , Chemokines/biosynthesis , Disease Models, Animal , Endotoxins , Enzyme Activation/drug effects , Epithelial Cells/drug effects , Epithelial Cells/metabolism , JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases/metabolism , Macrophages, Alveolar/drug effects , Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Phosphorylation/drug effects , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/drug effects , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/enzymology , Respiratory Distress Syndrome/pathology
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