In Silico Screening of Putative Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis Antigens and Serological Diagnosis for Caseous Lymphadenitis in Sheep by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.

Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is the etiologic agent of Caseous Lymphadenitis (CLA), a disease leading to severe damage in sheep and goats farming due to the lack of serological diagnosis, treatment, and effective prophylaxis. In this context, several strategies in an attempt to discover new antigens to compose diagnosis assays or vaccines are fundamental. Therefore, this study aimed to use bioinformatics software to evaluate the critical chemical characteristics of unknown proteins of C. pseudotuberculosis by selecting them for heterologous expression in Escherichia coli. For this purpose, six protein sequences of ascorbate transporter subunit, UPF protein, MMPL family transporter, Ribonuclease, Iron ABC transporter domain-containing permease, and fimbrial subunit were obtained. In silico analyses were performed using amino acid sequences to access immunodominant epitopes and their antigenic and allergenic potential and physicochemical characterization. The expressed proteins were used as an antigen for serological diagnosis by ELISA. All proteins showed distinct immunodominant epitopes and potential antigenic characteristics. The only proteins expressed were PTS and Ribonuclease. In parallel, we expressed CP40 and all were used with ELISA antigen in 49 CLA positive sera and 26 CLA negative sera. The proteins alone showed 100% sensitivity and 96.2%, 92.3%, and 88.5% specificity for rPTS, rRibonuclease, and rCP40, respectively. When proteins were combined, they showed 100% sensitivity and 84.6%, 92.3%, 88.5%, and 92.3% specificity for rPTS/rCp40, rRibonuclease/rCP40, rPTS/rRibonuclease, and rPTS/rRibonuclease/rCP40, respectively. The results of this study show an excellent correlation of sensitivity and specificity with all proteins. None of the specificity values preclude the potential of rPTS, rRibonuclease, or rCP40 for use in ELISA diagnostic assays since the results of this work are superior to those of other studies on CLA diagnosis described in the literature.

Sistema peroxidase tripanotiona-dependente em Trypanosoma cruzi / Trypanothione-dependent peroxidase system in Trypanosoma cruzi

Trypanosoma cruzi, causador da tripanossomíase americana, é um microrganismo exposto a uma variedade de espécies reativas de oxigênio, geradas como conseqüência do metabolismo de drogas tripanocidas, ou pelo hospedeiro como resposta fisiológica à invasão, além daqueles produzidos internamente em conseqüência dos processos oxidativos do parasita. Em qualquer circunstância, as células precisam proteger-se contra os produtos da redução parcial do oxigênio. Os tripanossomatídeos são aparentemente deficientes na defesa antioxidante. Embora possuindo uma superóxido dismutase, carecem de glutationa peroxidase e catalase, que são necessárias para a remoção do peróxido de hidrogênio. Além disso, glutationa, o maior composto sulfidrílico antioxidante em células de mamíferos, está presente em baixas concentrações nos tripanossomatídeos...