[Intra-laryngeal ectopic thyroid tissue. Report of one case and review of the literature]. / Tejido tiroideo ectópico intralaríngeo. Presentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura.

A Ectopic thyroid is any thyroid tissue not located in his normal anatomic situation. There have been described four general groups within the upper aerodigestive tract: lingual, sublingual, thyroglossal and intralaryngotracheal. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid tissue is rare and constitute 7 per cent of all intratracheal tumours, and it represents a problem of diagnosis and management. The controversy about the genesis of this tumours remains. There are two established theories: "the malformation theory" and "the ingrowth theory". These tumours affect more frequently adult female. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid have been mainly reported on the posterior-left wall of the trachea. The most common clinical feature is stridor due to progressive upper airway obstruction. Up to 75% of the intralaryngotracheal goiters are associated with and external goiter. This paper reports a case of ectopic subglotic thyroid in a 42 year-old-female. The embryology, diagnosis and management of this tumours are discussed.

Tejido tiroideo ectópico intralaríngeo. Presentación de un caso clínico y revisión de la literatura / Intralaryngeal ectopic thyroid tissue. Report of one case and review of the literature

El tiroides ectópico es un tejido tiroideo que no se localiza en su posición anatómica normal. Se han descrito cuatro grupos de tiroides ectópico a nivel del tracto aereodigestivo superior: lingual, sublingual, tirogloso e intralaringotraqueal, siendo el lingual la localización más frecuente. El tiroides intralaringotraqueal es un trastorno raro, constituyendo el 7 por ciento de todos los tumores intratraqueales. Es la forma de tiroides ectópico que más frecuentemente pasa desapercibido y origina la clínica más severa. Su etiopatogenia no es bien conocida, existiendo dos teorías que tratan de explicar la aparición de tejido tiroideo aberrante en el interior de la luz traqueal: "la teoría de la malformación" y "la teoría invasiva". Su mayor incidencia se da en mujeres de mediana edad. A nivel intralaringotraqueal la localización más frecuente es la pared posterolateral izquierda. La clínica de presentación habitual es la disnea progresiva alta, destacando la asociación con un cuadro bociógeno en el 75 por ciento de los casos. Presentamos el caso clínico de una paciente de 42 años con un tiroides ectópico subglótico. Discutimos los aspectos más relevantes con relación a la embriología, diagnóstico y tratamiento de estas lesiones (AU)

A Ectopic thyroid is any thyroid tissue not located in his normal anatomic situation. There have been described four general groups within the upper aerodigestive tract: lingual, sublingual, thyroglossal and intralaryngotracheal. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid tissue is rare and constitute 7 per cent of all intratracheal tumours, and it represents a problem of diagnosis and management. The controversy about the genesis of this tumours remains. There are two established theories: "the malformation theory" and "the ingrowth theory". These tumours affect more frequently adult female. Intralaryngotracheal thyroid have been mainly reported on the posterior-left wall of the trachea. The most common clinical feature is stridor due to progressive upper airway obstruction. Up to 75% of the intralaryngotracheal goiters are associated with and external goiter. This paper reports a case of ectopic subglotic thyroid in a 42 year-old-female. The embryology, diagnosis and management of this tumours are discussed (AU)