Influencia del ejercicio físico en la evolución del peso gestacional y posparto. Ensayo clínico aleatorizado / Influence of exercise on weight gain during pregnancy. Randomized clinical trial

Introducción: el ejercicio físico es una buena forma de mantener un estilo de vida saludable y su práctica regular es recomendable durante el periodo gestacional, favoreciendo, entre otros, una adecuada ganancia ponderal durante la gestación y una mejor recuperación del peso pregestacional. Objetivo: analizar la evolución del peso, gestacional y posparto, en mujeres embarazadas que realizan un programa de ejercicio físico moderado en el medio acuático. Material y métodos: se realizó una intervención mediante un programa de ejercicio físico acuático diseñado específicamente para mujeres embarazadas. Los participantes fueron asignados al azar al grupo de ejercicios (GE; n = 65) o al grupo de control (GC; n = 64). Los participantes en el GE realizaron tres sesiones por semana de ejercicios físicos, que fueron dirigidos por el investigador principal. Las participantes del GC recibieron atención prenatal de rutina. El peso materno se midió durante la gestación en las semanas 20 y 35 y en el posparto en las semanas 16 y 28 del mismo. Resultados: la ganancia ponderal durante la gestación presenta diferencias significativas entre grupos (p < 0,001). Las retenciones de peso a los cuatro meses y a los siete meses fueron significativas entre GE y GC (p < 0,001). El peso del recién nacido se mantuvo en el rango de peso normal para recién nacidos a término en ambos grupos, aunque con diferencias significativas (p = 0,011). Conclusión: la metodología Study of Water Exercise Pregnancy (SWEP) durante el embarazo ayuda al control de la ganancia de peso gestacional y a la recuperación del peso pregestacional

Introduction: physical exercise is a good way to maintain a healthy lifestyle and its regular practice is recommended during the gestational period, favoring, among others, an adequate weight gain during pregnancy and a better recovery of pre-pregnancy weight. Objective: to analyze the evolution of weight, gestational and postpartum, in pregnant women who perform a program of moderate physical exercise in the aquatic environment. Material and methods: an intervention was carried out through a program of aquatic physical exercise designed specifically for pregnant women. The participants were randomly assigned to the exercise group (EG; n = 65) or to the control group (CG; n = 64). Participants in the EG performed three sessions per week of physical exercises, which were led by the principal investigator. CG participants received routine prenatal care. Maternal weight was measured during pregnancy at weeks 20 and 35, and postpartum at weeks 16 and 28 of the same. Results: weight gain during pregnancy shows significant differences between groups (p < 0.001). Weight retention at four months and at seven months were significant between EG and GC (p < 0.001). The weight of the newborn remained in the range of normal weight for term newborns in both groups, although with significant differences (p = 0.011). Conclusion: the Study of Water Exercise Pregnancy (SWEP) methodology during pregnancy helps control the gain of gestational weight and the recovery of pre-pregnancy weight

Neurological symptoms in hospitalised patients: do we assess hyponatraemia with sufficient care?

AIM: To review the incidence of hyponatraemic encephalopathy in children treated in a tertiary care centre hospital, together with the clinical setting and clinical management of these cases. METHODS: Retrospective descriptive study by chart review of patients admitted to hospital during 2000-2010. Patients older than 1 month were included who had severe hyponatraemia (sodium concentration <125 mmol/L) on admission or during their hospital stay and co-incidental neurological symptoms. Epidemiological, clinical, laboratory and therapeutic data were collected. RESULTS: We analysed 41 cases of severe hypotonic hyponatraemia and neurological symptoms compatible with hyponatraemic encephalopathy. Boys accounted for 56.1% patients, and the median age was 1 year. Hyponatraemia was acquired in hospital by 61% of the patients, and 88% of those patients were receiving intravenous hypotonic fluids. The most frequent neurological symptom was seizures. The most common therapeutic strategy was sodium supplementation and antiepileptic drugs. Hypertonic fluids were only used in the initial treatment of 16 patients. There were two deaths related to hyponatraemic encephalopathy. CONCLUSION: Hyponatraemia should always be considered a cause of neurological symptoms in hospitalised patients. Treatment should be prompt to prevent neurological sequelae and death. Current recommendations for fluid management in hospitalised children should be reviewed.

Transfusion dependence development and disease evolution in patients with MDS and del(5q) and without transfusion needs at diagnosis.

Patients with isolated del(5q) and MDS are considered to have good prognosis as compared to other MDS subtypes. Most patients suffered of anemia and 50% of them required transfusions at diagnosis. It is known that for patients with MDS and del(5q) in transfusion dependence(TD), Lenalidomide is the first choice treatment. However, there are no data regarding natural evolution of anemia in patients diagnosed in MDS and del(5q) without TD, factors that may impact on the development of TD or disease outcome. In the present study we have performed a retrospective multicenter analysis on 83 patients with low-int 1 MDS and del(5q) without TD. During the study 61 patients became TD at a median of 1.7 years and only the Hb level 9 g/dL was associated with poorer TFS (p = 0.007) in the multivariate analysis. Among these 61 TD patients, 49 received treatment (19 Lenalidomide). Median follow up was 48 months, estimated OS at 2 and 5 year was 92% and 50% respectively. In the multivariate analysis for OS, platelets <100,000 mm(-3) and Lenalidomide treatment retained the statistical significant impact. LFS at 2 and 5 years was 86% and 73% respectively, and median time to sAML was 8.16 years (CI 95%: 6.05-10.27). In the multivariate analysis only thrombocytopenia retained statistical significance. In summary, this retrospective study show that level of Hb is an important parameter in order to determine the time until TD, it should be also stressed the importance of an early treatment in order to prevent TD development and shorter survival.

Rotura neumática de colon por aire comprimido / Neumatic rupture of the colon from compressed air

Rupture of the colon caused by high pressure air is a rare injury. We present a case of this type of accident pointing out the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of these accidents, indicating how occur these ruptures, the location by order of frequency and the different surgical procedures.

La ruptura del colon causada por aire comprimido a alta presión es rara. A propósito de un caso se revisan los mecanismos de producción, tipos de roturas, clínica, diagnóstico y tratamiento de estos traumatismos.

[Bibliometric study of the original articles published in Revista Española de Salud Púiblica (1991-2000). Part III: reference analysis]. / Estudio bibliométrico de los artículos originales de la revista española de Salud Púiblica (1991-2000). Parte tercera: analisis de las referencias bibliograficas.

BACKGROUND: The advancement of knowledge is based on the results of previously conducted research studies, which are reflected in the reference sources listed in a scientific article. This study is aimed at studying the scientific information used in the Revista Española de Salud Pública based on the references cited in the original articles published during the 1991-2000 period. METHODS: The data regarding the year and where published, document type, language and country in which published was taken from the reference sources listed in the 290 original articles published, the obsolescence, Price and isolation indexes being calculated, and the Bradford core distribution being established according to the source journals. The self-citing rate was also calculated. RESULTS: A total of 7465 references were cited in the Reference section of the 290 original articles. An average of 25.7 references were cited per article. The Price index was 40.7. The scientific articles showed an obsolescence index of 5, the books and book chapters having an index of 6. A total 50.6% of the citations were from studies published in Spanish. The isolation index of the references was 48.1. The first Bradford core is comprised of 10 journals, the first four of which are Spanish. The self-citing rate was 3.8%. CONCLUSIONS: The information consumption of the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública show parameters similar to those of other Spanish health sciences journals for those same years, and the parameters regarding which this Journal differs from other Spanish health sciences journals seem to be justified by those particular aspects unique to public health, which does not fall within the patterns inherent to the clinical disciplines.

Infección por Mycobacterium terrae en un paciente con fibrosis quística / Infection by Mycobacterium terrae in a patient with cystic fibrosis

No disponible

Kinetics and mechanism of the formation of Ag nanoparticles by electrochemical techniques: a plasmon and cluster time-resolved spectroscopic study.

The formation of Ag nanoparticles by electrochemical techniques has been investigated through a time-resolved UV-vis spectroscopy study. The formation of Ag(4)(2+) clusters is suggested as the main precursors to the particle formation. The mechanism also considers the electrodeposition which occurs as a parallel process in the electrochemical particle formation. Experiments at different current densities show that the electrodeposition is more important at low current densities. From the fittings of the change of the plasmon (lambda approximately 430 nm) and the cluster (lambda = 250 nm) bands to the proposed mechanism, the kinetic constants of the formation and disappearance of the Ag(4)(2+) cluster are derived. The kinetic fittings also allowed an estimation of the Ag(4)(2+) cluster extinction coefficient (epsilon(250) = 1.0 x 10(4) M(-1) cm(-1)). It is observed that the plasmon bandwidth (fwhm) follows the theoretical predicted 1/R law only for particles with sizes d approximately >3 nm, but the law is broken for the smallest particles (d < 2.5 nm). The break is associated with the existence of single-electron (SE) transitions which are activated by the plasmon decay for the smallest nanoparticles. From the broken 1/R law, a limit relaxation time of about 4 fs is derived for the plasmon deactivation. Below this limit, the plasmon seems to decay mainly through a nonradiative channel with the formation of electron-hole (e-h) pairs. By comparison of the 1/R broken law with other literature results, it is concluded that large interactions of the Ag nanoparticles with the used capping molecule (tetrabutylammonium acetate) facilitate the e-h plasmon deactivation.

[Bibliometric study of original articles in the Revista Española de Salud Pública (1991-2000). Part II: authors' productivity, their institutions and geographical areas]. / Estudio bibliométrico de los artículos originales de la revista Española de Salud Pública (1991-2000). Parte segunda: productividad de los autores y procedencia institucional y geográfica.

BACKGROUND: When characterizing a scientific journal from the bibliometric standpoint, it is of importance to know how many authors were involved in the studies published as well as the geographical areas where these authors are located and the type of institutions by which they are employed. The aim of this article is that of analyzing the geographical spread of these authors and the institutions by which they are employed, as well as its evolution as regards the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública throughout the 1991-2000 period. METHODS: Of the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública throughout the studied ten-year period, a calculation has been made as to the total number of authors, the number of occasional authors (authors having published solely one article), transitivity index, the ratio between the number of male and female authors, the productivity of the authors and their institutions and the spread of authors and the institutions by which they are employed by Autonomous Communities. RESULTS: Of the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública throughout the 1991-2000 period, a total of 1,052 different authors were involved, 1,000 of whom were Spanish and 52 foreigners. The ratio of male authors to female authors for the period in question was 1.29. The Autonomous Communities from which the largest number of authors came were Community of Madrid (16.3%), Andalusia (13.4%) and the Community of Valencia (12.5%). The institutions by which the authors are employed are located most often in Community of Madrid (16.5%), in Community of Valencia (11.3%) and Andalusia and Catalonia (10.5%). A total of 37.6% of the authors work at centers devoted to health care, followed by authors who work at Universities (26.3%). On calculating the spread of the type of institution by Autonomous Communities, in the Community of Madrid and in the Community of Valencia and Andalusia, the most frequent institution is that of the primary care centers (50%, 43.3% and 28.6% respectively); and in Catalonia the specialized care centers (42.9%). CONCLUSIONS: The Revista Española de Salud Pública is a scientific journal well known in the whole spanish territory and in the Latinoamerican countries. The productivity of the authors publishing in this journal, the productivity of their institutions where they work and that of Autonomous Regions where they belong to, is similar to other magazines. The productivity of the authors is greater when we look at other public health magazines or other countries.

Estudio bibliométrico de los artículos originales de la revista española de salud pública (1991-2000).Parte segunda: productividad de los autores y procedencia institucional y geográfica / Bibliometric study of the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública (1991-2000). Part Two: authors, their institutions and geographical areas

Fundamento: En la caracterización de una revista científica, desde el punto de vista bibliométrico, es importante conocer cuántos autores participan en los trabajos publicados, así como la institución y ámbito geográfico de procedencia. El objetivo de este artículo es analizar la distribución del número de autores y de las instituciones donde éstos trabajan, así como su productividad, en los artículos originales publicados en la Revista Española de Salud Pública durante la década 1991-2000.Métodos: De los 290 trabajos originales publicados en la Revista Española de Salud Pública durante la década estudiada se ha calculado el número total de autores, el número de autores ocasionales, el índice de transitoriedad, la distribución de autores por género, la productividad de autores y de las instituciones según el número de trabajos y la de los autores según la Ley de Lotka, y la distribución por procedencia institucional y geográfica. Resultados: En los originales que se publicaron en la Revista Española de Salud Pública entre los años 1991 y 2000 participó un total de 1.052 autores (1.000 españoles y 52 extranjeros). La razón de sexos para el periodo estudiado es de 1,29 a favor de los hombres. Las Comunidades Autónomas que más autores aportan son Comunidad de Madrid (16,3 por ciento), Andalucía (13,4 por ciento) y Comunidad Valenciana (12,5 por ciento). Las instituciones de procedencia de los autores se encuentran ubicadas preferentemente en la Comunidad de Madrid (16,5 por ciento), Comunidad Valenciana (11,3 por ciento), y Andalucía y Cataluña (10,5 por ciento).El 37,6 por ciento de los autores trabajan en centros dedicados a la atención sanitaria, seguidos de los que trabajan en la Universidad (26,3 por ciento). Al distribuir el tipo de institución por Comunidades Autónomas, en Madrid, la Comunidad Valenciana y Andalucía la institución más frecuente son los centros de atención primaria (50 por ciento, 43,3 por ciento y 28,6 por ciento respectivamente) y en Cataluña los centros de atención especializada (42,9 por ciento). Conclusiones: La Revista Española de Salud Pública es una publicación implantada en todo el territorio nacional y en el ámbito hispanoamericano. La productividad de los autores que publican en ella, la de las instituciones donde trabajan y la de las Comunidades Autónomas de las que proceden los trabajos, es similar a la de otras revistas biomédicas españolas, y menor que cuando se estudian ámbitos temáticos y territoriales en más de una publicación (AU)

Background: When characterizing a scientific journal from the bibliometric standpoint, it is of importance to know how many authors were involved in the studies published as well as the geographical areas where these authors are located and the type of institutions by which they are employed. The aim of this article is that of analyzing the geographical spread of these authors and the institutions by which they are employed, as well as its evolution as regards the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Públicathroughout the 1991-2000 period. Methods: Of the original articles published in theRevista Española de Salud Pública throughout the studied ten-year period, a calculation has been made as to the total number of authors, the number of occasional authors (authors having published solely one article), transitivity index, the ratio between the number of male and female authors, the productivity of the authors and their institutions and the spread of authors and the institutions by which they are employed by Autonomous Communities. Results: Of the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública throughout the 1991-2000 period, a total of 1,052 different authors were involved, 1,000 of whom were Spanish and 52 foreigners. The ratio of male authors to female authors for the period in question was 1.29. The Autonomous Communities from which the largest number of authors came were Community of Madrid (16,3%), Andalusia (13,4%) and the Community of Valencia (12.5%). The institutions by which the authors are employed are located most often in Community of Madrid (16,5%), in Community of Valencia (11,3%) and Andalusia and Catalonia (10,5%). A total of 37.6% of the authors work at centers devoted to health care, followed by authors who work at Universities (26.3%). On calculating the spread of the type of institution by Autonomous Communities, in the Community of Madrid and in the Community of Valencia and Andalusia, the most frequent institution is that of the primary care centers (50%, 43.3% and 28.6% respectively); and in Catalonia the specialized care centers (42.9%). Conclusions: The Revista Española de Salud Pública is a scientific journal well known in the whole spanish territory and in the Latinoamerican countries. The productivity of the authors publising in this journal, the productivity of their institutions where they work and that of Autonomous Regions where they belong to, is similar to other magazines. The productivity of the authors is greater when we look at other public health magazines or other countries (AU)

Estudio bibliométrico de los artículos originales de la Revista Española de Salud Pública (1991-2000). Parte primera: indicadores generales / A bibliometric study of the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública (1991-2000). Part one

Fundamento: Desde hace tiempo la mayor parte de las comunicaciones de los resultados de las investigaciones se difunden mediante revistas científicas, por lo que los estudios bibliométricos son una herramienta fundamental para caracterizarlas y evaluarlas. El objetivo de este trabajo es estudiar los indicadores generales bibliométricos de la Revista Española de Salud Pública partiendo de los artículos originales publicados en ella durante la década 1991-2000. Métodos: De los trabajos originales publicados en la Revista Española de Salud Pública durante la década mencionada, se han calculado: número de trabajos originales, índice de colaboración, índice de productividad, distribución geográfica y materia principal. Resultados: Entre 1991 y 2000 se publicaron 290 originales (52,3 por ciento), de un total de 555 trabajos, siendo la media de 29 originales/año. El índice de colaboración en el período estudiado es de 4,5. Las Comunidades Autónomas que más originales han publicado son Comunidad de Madrid (20,7 por ciento), Comunidad Valenciana (16,4 por ciento), Andalucía (16,1 por ciento) y Cataluña (10,0 por ciento). Entre todas las materias destaca la relativa a 'Enfermedades infecciosas y parasitarias' (86 originales), seguida de 'Atención primaria de salud' (34) y 'Contaminación ambiental' (21).Conclusiones: En términos generales, la Revista Española de Salud Pública se mantiene dentro de los indicadores bibliométricos de otras revistas, tanto españolas como extranjeras. Aunque las enfermedades transmisibles no son en la actualidad la causa principal de mortalidad, siguen siendo la materia principal más frecuentemente estudiada (AU)

Background: For some time, the most of reports have been being disseminated by way of scientific journals, bibliometric studies therefore being fundamental to the characterization and evaluation thereof. The purpose of this study is that of characterizing the Revista Española de Salud Pública based on the original articles published therein throughout the 1991-2000 period. Methods: Original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública throughout the 1991-2000 period, all inclusive. A study has been made of the following variables: number of original articles, collaboration index or number of signing authors per study, productivity index, geographical spread and main subject. Results: Throughout the 1991-2000 period, 290 original studies (52.3%) of a total of 555 studies were published. The number of originals averaged 29 originals /year A 4.5 degree of collaboration was found to exist for this journal (number signing authors/number originals) for the period under study. The annual of originals by Autonomous Community reveals in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (20.7%), Autonomous Community of Valencia (16.4%), Andalusia (16.1%) and Catalunya (10.0%) have published studies every year throughout the ten-year period under study. The most prevalent subject of all was that related to "Communicable disease" (86 originals), Primary Health Care" (34) and "Environmental poluttion" (21). Conclusions: Generally speaking, it apparently follows that the Revista Española de Salud Pública continues to fall within the output-related indicators of other Spanish and foreign journals and that it has also evolved in keeping with the trend proper of scientific output in the biomedical field. Although "Communicable diseases" are not the main cause of mortality, they continue being the main subject more frecuently studied (AU)

[Bibliometric study of the original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública (1991-2000). I. General indicators]. / Estudio bibliométrico de los artículos originales de la Revista Española de Salud Pública (1991-2000). Parte Primera: indicadores generales.

BACKGROUND: For some time, the most of reports have been being disseminated by way of scientific journals, bibliometric studies therefore being fundamental to the characterization and evaluation thereof. The purpose of this study is that of characterizing the Revista Española de Salud Pública based on the original articles published therein throughout the 1991-2000 period. METHODS: Original articles published in the Revista Española de Salud Pública throughout the 1991-2000 period, all inclusive. A study has been made of the following variables: number of original articles, collaboration index or number of signing authors per study, productivity index, geographical spread and main subject. RESULTS: Throughout the 1991-2000 period, 290 original studies (52.3%) of a total of 555 studies were published. The number of originals averaged 29 originals/year A 4.5 degree of collaboration was found to exist for this journal (number signing authors/number originals) for the period under study. The annual of originals by Autonomous Community reveals in the Autonomous Community of Madrid (20.7%), Autonomous Community of Valencia (16.4%), Andalusia (16.1%) and Catalunya (10.0%) have published studies every year throughout the ten-year period under study. The most prevalent subject of all was that related to "Communicable disease" (86 originals), Primary Health Care" (34) and "Environmental pollution" (21). CONCLUSIONS: Generally speaking, it apparently follows that the Revista Española de Salud Pública continues to fall within the output-related indicators of other Spanish and foreign journals and that it has also evolved in keeping with the trend proper of scientific output in the biomedical field. Although "Communicable diseases" are not the main cause of mortality, they continue being the main subject more frequently studied.

Evaluación de función tubular renal. Valor de estudio simplificado / Evaluation of the renal tubular function. Value of the simplified study

El compromiso túbulointersticial en las nefropatías es uno de los mecanismos responsables de la progresión a la insuficiencia renal extrema. Las pruebas funcionales renales pueden ser un instrumento útil para el diagnóstico y el seguimiento de este compromiso tubulointersticial. Los objetivos de este trabajo son evaluar un conjunto simplificado de pruebas de función tubular en el estudio de nefropatías tubulointersticiales y en glomerulopatías. Se estudiaron 75 pacientes, 38 con diagnóstico probable de nefropatía tubulointeristicial y 37 glomerulopatías. Se evaluó presencia de diskalemia, glucosurina, alteración de equilibrio ácido base y capacidad de concentración urinaria. La disfunción tubular fue frecuente en los pacientes con glomerulopatías (0,65) aún en aquellos pacientes con creatininemia menor 1.4 mg por ciento (0,45). Mediante estas pruebas es posible topografiar el sector nefronal comprometido

Pseudotumor hemofílico / hemophilic Pseudotumor

Se reporta un caso de Pseudotumor Hemofílico, patología infrecuente en la literatura médica, su observación permite revisar un tema importante para el médico general y para los especialistas involucrados en el manejo multidisciplinario de estos pacientes.

Evaluación del tratamiento de las fracturas diafisarias de tibia con enclavado endomedular fresado y encerrojado a cielo cerrado con clavos / Evaluation of the processing of the diafisarias fractures of tibia with eclavado to endomedular milling and blocked to sky closed with nails

La cantidad de variantes en el tratamiento de fracturas de la diáfisis tibial a pesar de los adelantos en a asistencia operatoria y no operatoria indican que no se ha llegado a un consenso que nos refiera el tratamiento ideal, creemos que su tratamiento demanda diferentes maneras de encarar el mismo problema conforme a las distintas circunstancias. El presente es un estudio descriptivo con observación indirecta de fuente documental aplicando técnicas extensivas, realizado en 70 pacientes, entre Enero de 1992 y Diciembre de 1993 que ingresaron al servicio de Ortopedia y Traumatología del Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín con diagnóstico de fractura diafisaria de tibia, los mismos que fueron tratados con enclavado endomedular fresado y encerrojado a cielo cerrado con clavos AO y Grosse-Kempf observándose una consolidación temprana (84,8 20,1 días), sin importar el tipo de fractura, la edad o el sexo del paciente, aunque este se prolonga en presencia de infección. Se encontró un bajo índice de complicaciones tanto intra como postoperatorias, independientemente del tipo de fractura tratada, además de un tiempo de incapacidad laboral corto (63,5 17,2 días) independientemente de la edad, sexo o tipo de fractura (p 0,05). En base a los resultados obtenidos en los pacientes objeto de este trabajo, el empleo de esta técnica en los mismos, aseguró un tiempo de consolidación corto, un bajo índice de complicaciones intra y postoperatorias así como una integración temprana a las actividades laborales, resultados que concuerdan con los obtenidos por Koval KJ. et al en 1991 y Kempf y col. quien revisó 397 fracturas tratadas con clavo Grosse-Kempf en Francia...