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1.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 31(4): 138-147, oct. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-109705

ABSTRACT

La inmunoterapia con instilación intravesical de bacilo Calmette-Guerin (BCG) es un tratamiento tópico vesical aceptado frente al cáncer de urotelio superficial de alto grado. Los efectosadversos de la BCG intravesical pueden ser locales y sistémicos. El problema más común es el síndrome miccional irritativo, por lo general autolimitado. Otras complicaciones locales son hematuria y retracción vesical. El aparato urinario puede afectarse en forma de nefritis,absceso renal, prostatitis, orqui-epididimitis y ulceración peneana. Las manifestaciones generales aparecen de forma precoz y consisten en un cuadro pseudogripal (fiebre, escalofríos,artralgias y afectación del estado general) que se autolimita en pocos días. Los cuadros más graves de toxicidad sistémica incluyen septicemia y fallo multiorgánico. La hepatitis y la neumonitisgranulomatosa de deben a la infección tuberculosa. La afectación inflamatoria visceral y las artralgias se deben a la reacción de hipersensibilidad. Las complicaciones osteo-articularescomo espondilitis, osteomielitis vertebral y artritis pueden ser asimismo infecciosaso reactivas. En el plano dermatológico lo más común en la aparición de púrpura . Cualquiera de las complicaciones graves contraindica seguir la inmunoterapia con BCG. Las reacciones de hipersensibilidad se tratan con corticoterapia, mientras que las complicaciones sépticas precisan tuberculostáticos. Se realiza una revisión de las complicaciones de la BCG y de suabordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico desde un punto de vista práctico (AU)


Immunotherapy with Calmette-Guerin bacillus intravesical instillation (BCG) is the gold standard treatment against high grade urothelial cancer of the bladder. The adverse effects of intravesical BCG may be local or systemic. Irritative voiding symptoms, usually self-limited is the most common problem. Hematuria and bladder retraction are other local complications. Urinary system and genitalia may be affected as a nephritis, renal abscess, prostatitis, epididymo- orchitis and penile ulceration. The general symptoms appear early as flu-like illness (fever, chills, arthralgia, and malaise) that limits itself within days. The most severe systemic toxicity included sepsis and multiorgan failure. Granulomatous hepatitis and pneumonitis are due to tuberculous infection. Inflammatory visceral involvement and arthralgias are due to hypersensitivity reaction. Osteoarticular complications such as spondylitis, vertebral osteomyelitis and arthritis can be infectious or reactive. The most common dermatological undesirable effect is purpura. Any further serious complications contraindicate immunotherapy with BCG. Hipersensitibity reactions are treated with steroids, while septic complications requiring tuberculostatic therapy. We present a brew review of the complications of BCG and its diagnostic and therapeutic approach from a practical standpoint (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , BCG Vaccine/therapeutic use , Urothelium/pathology , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/drug therapy , Administration, Intravesical , BCG Vaccine/adverse effects , Immunotherapy/methods , Joint Diseases/chemically induced , Prostatitis/chemically induced , Epididymitis/chemically induced , Antitubercular Agents/therapeutic use
2.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 28(4): 148-153, oct. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-92201

ABSTRACT

El primer tratamiento para los pacientes con vejiga inestable son los fármacos anticolinérgicos, que, sin embargo, pueden ser inefectivos o producir efectos adversos. Se han buscado otros tipos de tratamiento como son la neuromodulación o el tratamiento intravesical con toxina botulínica (Botox). Existe una evidencia creciente acerca de la utilidad de la inyección de toxina botulínica en el detrusor para el tratamiento de la hiperactividad vesical. Existen diferentes indicaciones en urología para el Botox aunque no están aceptadas oficialmente: el detrusor hiperactivo neurógeno e idiopático, la disinergia vésico-esfíteriana, cistopatía intersticial y dolor prostático crónico. Presentaremos dos casos clínicos para revisar las diferentes aplicaciones de Botox en urología (AU)


The first treatment for patients with unstable bladder are anticholinergics drugs, however, may be ineffective or cause side effects. Has been sought other types of treatment such as neuromodulation or intravesical treatment with Botulinic Toxine (Botox). There is growing evidence of the usefulness of botulinum toxin injection into the detrusor for the treatment of overactive bladder. There are different indications for Botox in urology but are not officially accepted: neurogenic and idiopathic overactive detrusor, the detrusor-sphincter, interstitial cystitis and chronic prostatic pain. We present two cases to review the various applications of Botox in urology (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Botulinum Toxins/therapeutic use , Urinary Bladder, Overactive/drug therapy , Cholinergic Antagonists/therapeutic use , Neurotransmitter Agents/therapeutic use
3.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 28(3): 123-126, jul. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-91675

ABSTRACT

El esfínter artificial AMS 800® está indicado en casos de incontinencia esfinteriana después de prostatectomía radical (PR). Los pacientes que han sido tratados además con radioterapia externa pueden presentar con más facilidad complicaciones como la erosión uretral. La presentación clínica incluye signos inflamatorios peno-escroto-perineales, retención urinaria o incontinencia y fiebre. Es frecuente que el mecanismo escrotal no pueda activarse debido al edema. El diagnóstico se realiza con uretrocopia y uretrografía. El tratamiento consiste en antibioterapia, colocación de sonda por punción suprapúbica y abordaje quirúrgico urgente, que puede implicar retirada del dispositivo (AU)


The artificial sphincter AMS 800 ® is indicated in cases of incontinence after radical prostatectomy. Patients have been treated with external beam radiation an more easily urethral complications such as urethral erosion. The clinical presentation includes local inflammatory signs, urinary retention or incontinence, and fever: Often, scrotal mechanism cannot be activated due to oedema. Diagnosis is made with urethroscopia and urethroraphy. Treatment consists of antibiotics, placement of suprapubic puncture probe and urgent surgical approach, in our case that involved removal of the device (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Urinary Sphincter, Artificial/adverse effects , /methods , Prostatectomy/adverse effects , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Urinary Incontinence/etiology , Postoperative Complications , Urinary Catheterization
4.
Arch Esp Urol ; 61(1): 80-2, 2008.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18405035

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To report a new case of metastatic renal carcinoma with atypical localization. Skin metastatic involvement by urological tumors is a rare clinical entity. It is usually associated with internal organ involvement, so that this finding makes prognosis poor. We review the most frequent metastatic sites, their prognostic implications and treatment. METHODS: We present the case of a 60-year-old male patient with the diagnosis of inferior maxillary skin metastasis 18 months after radical nephrectomy for clear cell adenocarcinoma. RESULTS: The patient was treated with oral Sorafenib within a phase II clinical trial. Two years after diagnosis the patient is alive and a disease-free. CONCLUSIONS: The wide variability of localizations and forms of presentation of metastatic renal carcinoma obliges to be alert during followup. New antiangiogenic drugs are an efficient therapeutic option.


Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Renal Cell/secondary , Kidney Neoplasms/pathology , Skin Neoplasms/secondary , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
5.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 61(1): 80-82, ene.-feb. 2008. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-059052

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Añadir un nuevo caso de carcinoma renal metastático de localización atípica a la literatura. La afectación cutánea metastásica de los tumores urológicos constituye una entidad clínica rara. Suelen asociarse con afectación interna por lo que su hallazgo ensombrece el pronóstico. Se revisan las localizaciones metastásicas más frecuentes, su implicación pronostica y tratamiento. Métodos: Se presenta el caso de un paciente varón de 60 años diagnosticado de metástasis cutánea en maxilar inferior a los 18 meses de la nefrectomía radical por adenocarcinoma de células claras. Resultados: El paciente fue tratado mediante la administración oral de Sorafenib en el marco de un ensayo clínico fase II. El paciente esta vivo y libre de progresión a los 2 años del diagnóstico. Conclusiones: La amplia variabilidad de localizaciones y formas de presentación del carcinoma renal metastático obligan a mantenerse alerta durante el seguimiento. Los nuevos fármacos de acción antiangiogénica constituyen una opción eficaz de tratamiento (AU)


Objective: To report a new case of metastatic renal carcinoma with atypical localization. Skin metastatic involvement by urological tumors is a rare clinical entity. It is usually associated with internal organ involvement, so that this finding makes prognosis poor. We review the most frequent metastatic sites, their prognostic implications and treatment. Methods: We present the case of a 60-year-old male patient with the diagnosis of inferior maxillary skin metastasis 18 months after radical nephrectomy for clear cell adenocarcinoma. Results: The patient was treated with oral Sorafenib within a phase II clinical trial. Two years after diagnosis the patient is alive and a disease-free. Conclusions: The wide variability of localizations and forms of presentation of metastatic renal carcinoma obliges to be alert during follow-up. New antiangiogenic drugs are an efficient therapeutic option (AU)


Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Neoplasm Metastasis/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/secondary , Kidney Neoplasms/complications , Maxillary Neoplasms/secondary , Follow-Up Studies , Nephrectomy/methods , Neoplasm Metastasis/drug therapy , Skin Neoplasms/drug therapy , Kidney Neoplasms/surgery , Maxillary Neoplasms/drug therapy
6.
Actas Urol Esp ; 31(7): 781-2, 2007.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17902474

ABSTRACT

We report a case of spontaneous, perineal haematoma depending on corpora cavernosa but without injury of them. No erectile dysfunction was associated. Not traumatic injury was known. Etiopathology, diagnosis and treatment are analyses.


Subject(s)
Hematoma , Perineum , Hematoma/diagnosis , Hematoma/etiology , Hematoma/therapy , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Penis
7.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 26(4): 179-186, oct. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-65004

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso clínico de paciente masculino con insuficiencia esfinteriana genuina y disfunción eréctil posterior a una prostatectomía radical, revisando en detalle el estudio urodinámico y sus hallazgos. Se realiza un abordaje combinado transescrotal para la colocación simultánea del esfínter AMS 800 y de la prótesis de pene AMS 700, describiendo resultados y seguimiento posterior. Se realiza una revisión bibliográfica de los esfínteres colocados por vía transescrotal, descripción de la técnica quirúrgica e indicaciones y se comparan resultados con los obtenidos en nuestro centro. Demostrando que la vía transescrotal es plausible pero con indicaciones precisas y que aún sus resultados son inferiores a los descritors para la vía perineal


We prresent a case of post prostatectomy incontinence and erectile dysfunction, reviewing its urodynamic findings. Using a combined transcrotal approach, is implanted an AMS 800 penile prosthesis on the same procedure, describing results and follow up. We have done a review of the literature involving the transcrotal approach, describing the surgical technique and its indications, comparing the results with the ones obtained in our centre and demonstrating that the transcrotal approach is possible, but with its specific indications and still with weaker results that the perineal approach


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Urinary Sphincter, Artificial , Urodynamics/physiology , Erectile Dysfunction/diagnosis , Erectile Dysfunction/surgery , Prostatectomy , Prostheses and Implants , Prostatectomy/methods , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Adenocarcinoma/surgery , Urinary Sphincter, Artificial/trends , Penis/pathology , Penis/surgery , Penis
8.
Actas urol. esp ; 31(7): 781-782, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055815

ABSTRACT

Se presenta un caso de hematoma perineal de disposición fusiforme, dependiente de los cuerpos cavernosos pero con integridad de los mismos, sin repercusión sobre la capacidad eréctil y sin antecedente causal conocido. Etiopatología, diagnóstico y tratamiento son analizados


We report a case of spontaneous, perineal haematoma depending on corpora cavernosa but without injury of them. No erectile dysfunction was associated. Not traumatic injury was known. Etiopathology, diagnosis and treatment are analyses


Subject(s)
Male , Middle Aged , Humans , Hematoma/diagnosis , Hematoma/drug therapy , Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors/therapeutic use , Perineum , Magnetic Resonance Imaging
10.
Actas Urol Esp ; 31(2): 69-76, 2007 Feb.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17645084

ABSTRACT

Robotic surgery is the newst technologic option in urology. To understand how new robots work is interesting to know their history. The desire to design machines imitating humans continued for more than 4000 years. There are references to King-su Tse (clasic China) making up automaton at 500 a. C. Archytas of Tarentum (at around 400 a.C.) is considered the father of mechanical engineering, and one of the occidental robotics classic referents. Heron of Alexandria, Hsieh-Fec, Al-Jazari, Roger Bacon, Juanelo Turriano, Leonardo da Vinci, Vaucanson o von Kempelen were robot inventors in the middle age, renaissance and classicism. At the XIXth century, automaton production underwent a peak and all engineering branches suffered a great development. At 1942 Asimov published the three robotics laws, based on mechanics, electronics and informatics advances. At XXth century robots able to do very complex self governing works were developed, like da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a very sophisticated robot to assist surgeons.


Subject(s)
Robotics/history , History, 15th Century , History, 16th Century , History, 17th Century , History, 18th Century , History, 19th Century , History, Ancient , History, Medieval
12.
Actas urol. esp ; 31(2): 69-76, feb. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-053775

ABSTRACT

La cirugía robótica es la última novedad tecnológica en urología. Para conocer como funcionan los nuevos robots es interesante conocer su historia. La fabricación de máquinas que imitan al ser humano se ha mantenido desde hace más de 4000 años. Existen referencias a King-su Tse, China clásica, que inventa un autómata en el 500 a. C. Arquitas de Tarento (hacia 400 a.C.) es considerado el padre de la ingeniería mecánica, y uno de los maestros clásicos de la robótica occidental. Figuras como Heron de Alejandría, Hsieh-Fec, Al-Jazari, Roger Bacon, Juanelo Turriano, Leonardo da Vinci, Vaucanson o von Kempelen construyeron robots en la edad media, el renacimiento y el clasicismo. En el siglo XIX existe un auge de los autómatas y se producen importantes avances en todas las ramas de la ingeniería. En 1942 Asimov publica las tres leyes de la robótica coincidiendo con el inicio de la robótica moderna, basada en los avances en mecánica, electrónica e informática. El desarrollo de robots en el terreno industrial, bélico y aeroespacial durante el siglo XX permite la aparición de robots de gran precisión, útiles en cirugía, como el robot quirúrgico da Vinci (Intuitive Surgical Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, USA)


Robotic surgery is the newst technologic option in urology. To understand how new robots work is interesting to know their history. The desire to design machines imitating humans continued for more than 4000 years. There are references to King-su Tse (clasic China) making up automaton at 500 a. C. Archytas of Tarentum (at around 400 a.C.) is considered the father of mechanical engineering, and one of the occidental robotics classic referents. Heron of Alexandria, Hsieh-Fec, Al-Jazari, Roger Bacon, Juanelo Turriano, Leonardo da Vinci, Vaucanson o von Kempelen were robot inventors in the middle age, renaissance and classicism. At the XIXth century, automaton production underwent a peak and all engineering branches suffered a great development. At 1942 Asimov published the three robotics laws, based on mechanics, electronics and informatics advances. At XXth century robots able to do very complex self governing works were developed, like da Vinci Surgical System (Intuitive Surgical Inc, Sunnyvale, CA, USA), a very sophisticated robot to assist surgeons


Subject(s)
Robotics/history , History of Medicine , Surgical Equipment/history , Technological Development/trends , Prostheses and Implants/history , Medical Informatics Applications , Mechanics , Electronics/history
13.
Actas Fund. Puigvert ; 26(1): 33-35, ene. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-64989

ABSTRACT

Presentamos un caso de adenocarcinoma prostático tratado mediante ultrasonido de alta frecuencia (HIFU). El HIFU ofrece una nueva alternativa en el tratamiento oncológico mediante la destrucción tisular utilizando ondas de choque de alta frecuencia. Su uso en tumores pancreáticos, vesicales, prostático, renales y hepáticos (tanto primarios como secundarios) se está extendiendo en los últimos años. Su focalización sobre las células tumorales disminuye teóricamente los efectos secundarios asociados a otras técnicas terapéuticas


We report a new case of prostate Cancer treated by “High intensity focused ultrasound” (HIFU). HIFU offers a new way of oncological treatment based on tissue destroyed by high intensity focused ultrasound waves. HIFU is not suitable for all types of cancer. It´s used on Pancreatic cancer, bladder cancer, prostate cancer, kidney cancer and primary and secondary liver cancer. As it only used waves to kill the cancer cells, it doesn´t have as many side effects as other types of cancer treatments already in use


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Adenocarcinoma/complications , Adenocarcinoma/therapy , Adenocarcinoma , Radio Waves/therapeutic use , Prostatic Neoplasms/epidemiology , Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy , Prostatic Neoplasms , Transurethral Resection of Prostate/methods , Urinary Incontinence/complications , Ureteral Obstruction/complications , Urethral Obstruction/complications
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