New Images for Old Symbols: Meanings That Children Give to a Traditional Game.

Traditional games are considered agents of enculturation. This article explores the procedure to access the cultural meanings transmitted in a traditional game. The goal is to understand what children aged 6-11 make of the game called 'the chained bear' and to compare the meanings retrieved with those of different traditional versions of the game. For such a purpose, through an exploratory cross-sectional study, cartoons depicting people playing the game were exhibited and viewers (n = 359; age range: 6-11; Mean age = 8.79; SD = 1.81) were asked to interpret them as a drama play, as well as contributing a title, a plot and saying how they would name the characters. The results show that, beyond the individual images that each child created in their mind, most of them coincided in stories about harassment and defense and theft and protection. These plots match those of the ludic tradition, showing that the actions evoke different pictures to each individual, but share common cultural meanings in turn. The study shows a procedure to access the meanings that traditional games transmit and confirms that games contain pieces of culture, which makes them agents of enculturation.

Brain Activity during Different Throwing Games: EEG Exploratory Study.

The purpose of this study is to explore the differences in brain activity in various types of throwing games by making encephalographic records. Three conditions of throwing games were compared looking for significant differences (simple throwing, throwing to a goal, and simultaneous throwing with another player). After signal processing, power spectral densities were compared through variance analysis (p ≤ 0.001). Significant differences were found especially in high-beta oscillations (22-30 Hz). "Goal" and "Simultaneous" throwing conditions show significantly higher values than those shown for throws without opponent. This can be explained by the higher demand for motor control and the higher arousal in competition situations. On the other hand, the high-beta records of the "Goal" condition are significantly higher than those of the "Simultaneous" throwing, which could be understood from the association of the beta waves with decision-making processes. These results support the difference in brain activity during similar games. This has several implications: opening up a path to study the effects of each specific game on brain activity and calling into question the transfer of research findings on animal play to all types of human play.

Non-reciprocal Friendships in a School-Age Boy with Autism: The Ties that Build?

This mixed-methods study examined differences in social interaction patterns between a school-age boy with autism and his friends, non-reciprocal friends, and non-friends during recess time at a mainstream school (third grade of elementary school). Through a combination of observational methodology and social network analysis with an idiographic, follow-up and multidimensional design approach, we used lag sequential and polar coordinate analysis to ascertain the associations between various interactive behaviors as a function of type of friendship relation. After 40 sessions, we found that the non-reciprocal friendship relations of the boy with autism could have significantly greater potential than his reciprocal friendships to increase active engagement and reduce the time he spent alone during recess.

Observación y análisis de las experiencias del alumnado en educación física escolar: procedimiento para la observación y análisis de juegos motores / Observation and analysis of the experiences of physical education students in school: procedure for the observation and analysis of game engines

Si entendemos que la calidad de la enseñanza está en la calidad de las experiencias por las que pasa el estudiante, deberemos definir cuáles son los principios pedagógicos que consideramos “interesantes” y tratar de acercarnos a qué supone para el alumnado participar en la lección (o conjunto de lecciones) propuestas. En este documento se intenta mostrar algunos de los principios que orientan las prácticas del Grupo Incorpora, así como algunos de los procedimientos de observación y análisis que seguimos para intentar aproximarnos a las experiencias que el alumnado vive en nuestras lecciones de Educación Física Escolar, y más concretamente en las que desarrollan el tema de juegos motoresreglados. A este procedimiento lo denominamos “análisis integral” de los juegos en Educación Física Escolar y en él se intenta atender a procesos personales, a dimensiones estructurales, culturales y didácticas.

If we believe that a quality teaching depends on the quality of students’ experiences, we have first to define which pedagogical principles we consider as interesting, as well as we have to get a closer view of what participation in the lessons means to the students. This paper try to show some of the pedagogical principles defended Revista Educaciónby Grupo Incorpora, as well as some research processes we follow in order to approach to student experiences in our Physical Education lessons and more particularly, in lessons focused on games. We name this approach “multidimensional analysis”, which includes personal processes, structural aspects, cultural dimensions and educational implications.

Inmigración, estrategias de aculturación y valores laborales: un estudio exploratorio / Inmigration, acculturation strategies and work values: an exploratory study

En las últimas dos décadas, España se ha convertido en uno de los principales países de destino de la inmigración internacional, con las consecuencias que ello conlleva a nivel económico, laboral, cultural etc., es decir, sus implicaciones sociales son muchas y de muy variada índole. Dentro de la complejidad y multidimensionalidad inherente al fenómeno, el presente artículo muestra un resumen de investigación que pretende poner en conexión las estrategias de aculturación puestas en práctica por las personas inmigrantes, relacionándolas con uno de los aspectos clave que influyen en su adaptación laboral y el significado que atribuyen al trabajo remunerado: los valores laborales. Desde un prisma exploratorio, nuestro estudio muestra la asociación entre los valores laborales de una muestra de inmigrantes en función de sus estrategias de aculturación, derivadas de la aplicación del Modelo de Berry, con el fin de detectar a qué aspectos del trabajo otorgan más importancia y cómo influyen las relaciones con la cultura de origen y de acogida en esa atribución de valor(AU)

Over the last two decades, Spain has become a major immigration country with the associated economical, labour, cultural impact ant its implications. This paper departs from a consideration of the complexity and multi-dimensionality of this phenomenon. A review is made of literature regarding the connexion between acculturation strategies deployed by the immigrants and social values –a key component of work fit and work meaning. Acculturation strategies in this exploratory study are based on Berry’s Model. These strategies identify which work aspects are awarded more importance and to what extent cultures from both the country of origin and the host country influence the attribution of value(AU)