ABSTRACT
Nodular lymphocytic predominance Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a very uncommon subtype of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), representing approximately 5% of all HL cases, with an incidence of 0.3/100,000 cases per year and with unique characteristics which distinguish it from classic Hodgkin lymphoma. Given its low frequency, there is a lack of prospective randomized studies to inform practice, the accumulated experience of academic groups being the main source of relevant information for the management of these patients. Eighty-five patients recruited by the Spanish Lymphoma Group (GOTEL) from 12 different hospitals were retrospectively analyzed to describe their sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. The median follow-up was 16 years, with a 10-year overall survive of 92.9% and 81.2% at 20 years. Five patients developed a second malignancy. No transformation to a more aggressive lymphoma was detected. A total of 31% tumor relapses was found: 77% in a single location; most of them at a supra-diaphragmatic level. Patients received different first-line treatments, and progression was observed in 3/4 (75%) of the patients who did not receive any type of treatment, 6/23 (26%) who received both chemotherapy (CH) and radiotherapy (RT), 12/43 (27%) who received RT and 7/15 (47%) that received only CH treatment. The mean time to relapse was 3 years and 47% presented relapses beyond 5 years (higher probability in stage IV p < 0.001). This is one of the longest follow-up series of NLPHL published, confirming its excellent prognosis, and that treatments may be adapted to reduce toxicity. Causes of death in these patients are varied, and the minority due to a primary malignancy relapses.
Subject(s)
Hodgkin Disease/diagnosis , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Medical Oncology , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
Objective: To assess the incidence of cervical stenosis in women treated with conization and to identify risk factors for its occurrence. To determine the rate of medical and surgical complications due to conization. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of 113 women who underwent conization over a 1-year period at Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda in order to evaluate the frequency of and factors involved in cervical stenosis. Cervical stenosis was defined as a narrowing that prevented the insertion of a 3-mm endocervical curette through the endocervical canal. Univariate analysis was used to identify predictors of cervical stenosis. Statistical significance was set at 0.05. Results: A total of 14 patients were diagnosed with cervical stenosis (12.4%). The risk of cervical stenosis was greater when conization was performed in menopausal women (p = 0.047), when it was performed with laser excision (p = 0.046), when the height of the cone was ≥ 20 mm (p = 0.013), and when the ectocervical margins of the cone were affected by dysplasia after conization (p = 0.038). The variables age, previous treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), smoking, parity, human papillomavirus, histologic classification of CIN, postoperative bleeding, and second conization were not associated with an increased risk of cervical stenosis. Conclusions: The main risk factors for cervical stenosis were menopausal status, laser excision, cone height ≥ 20 mm, and involvement of exocervical surgical margins
Objetivo: Evaluar la incidencia de estenosis cervical en mujeres tratadas mediante conización e identificar factores de riesgo en su desarrollo. Determinar la tasa de complicaciones médico-quirúrgicas derivadas de la conización. Material y métodos: Estudio retrospectivo en el que se revisó una cohorte de 113 pacientes a las que se había realizado una conización a lo largo del año anterior en el Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro Majadahonda para evaluar la frecuencia y factores implicados en la estenosis cervical. La estenosis cervical se definió como el estrechamiento cervical que impide el paso de una microlegra endocervical de 3 mm de diámetro a través del canal endocervical. Se utilizó un análisis univariante para identificar factores predictores de estenosis. El nivel de significación se fijó en 0,05. Resultados: Se diagnosticaron 14 casos de estenosis cervical (12.4%). El riesgo de estenosis cervical fue mayor cuando la conización se realizó en mujeres menopaúsicas (P = 0,047), cuando se realizó conización con láser (P = 0,046), cuando la altura del cono fue ≥ 20 mm (P = 0,013) y cuando los márgenes exocervicales quedaron afectos tras las conización (P=0.038). Las variables edad, tratamiento previo de neoplasia intraepitelial cervical (CIN), tabaquismo, paridad, virus del papiloma humano (VPH), clasificación histológica de CIN, sangrado postoperatorio y reconización no demostraron aumentar el riesgo de estenosis cervical. Conclusiones: Las variables estado menopáusico, láser, altura del cono ≥ 20 mm y la afectación del margen exocervical fueron los principales factores de riesgo para la estenosis cervical
