ABSTRACT
In the early years of schooling, peer groups are key to fostering students' overall learning and development. Yet it has been found that around 10% of children suffer from peer rejection in the classroom, with this problem entailing negative consequences both in the short and long term. The problem proves difficult for adults to detect, which usually leads to a delay in measures being taken to intervene and prevent it. This study applies an experimental design with pre-test and post-test measurements in two groups-experimental and control-in order to address the problem of rejection in the early years of schooling. It explores aspects such as sociometric type, degree of victimisation, social and antisocial behaviour, as well as problematic situations among 637 students at six schools. We then implement an intervention programme for socioemotional competence throughout a school year in an effort to improve students' social skills and relationships, focusing specifically on preventing and reducing the rejection experienced by some of these children. The programme comprises 35 teaching activities and strategies that promote the development of competences for student inclusion (curbing aggression, encouraging teamwork, fostering self-esteem, etc.) and that seek to involve all students, teachers, and relatives by offering an array of complementary resources that enrich the initiatives applied (a programme calendar, assessment notebook, questionnaires, related website, material resources). After the intervention programme, it was found that the experimental group had reduced the percentage of students who suffered rejection from 9.9% to 7.3%, although the same was not true of the control group, which went from 9.5% of rejected students to 10.2%. The reduction in the percentage of rejected students in the experimental group after the application of the programme is an encouraging result that invites us to continue working on more comprehensive interventions to prevent and reduce this phenomenon.
ABSTRACT
This descriptive and transversal study, carried out on an intentional sample of 211 subjects who were split in terms of their consumption of psychoactive substances over the last month and who were aged between 18 and 28 (M = 21.36, and SD = 1.90), aimed to explore the emotional intelligence, perceived socio-family support and academic performance of university students vis-à-vis their consumption of drugs and to examine the link between them. The goal was to define university student consumer profile through a regression model using the multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (EMAS) and the Trait Meta Mood Scale-24 (TMMS-24) as instruments, together with academic performance and gender. The results report alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis consumption rates that are above the levels indicated by the Spanish household survey on alcohol and drugs in Spain (EDADES 2019) for the 15-34-year-old age range in Castilla y León. A certain link was observed between the consumption of substances and academic performance, although no differences were seen in academic performance in terms of consumer type. There was also no clear link observed between emotional intelligence and academic performance or between social support and academic performance. The predictive contribution of the variables included in the regression model was low (9%), which would advocate completing the model with other predictive variables until more appropriate predictability conditions can be found.
Subject(s)
Pharmaceutical Preparations , Universities , Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Pilot Projects , Spain/epidemiology , Students , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
El análisis de las características psicopatológicas asociadas al consumo de drogas continúa siendo un tema relevante, dado el importante incremento de la patología dual en las demandas de tratamiento en los últimos años. El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la presencia de sintomatología psicopatológica con el SCL-90-R y el BDI en una muestra de 106 sujetos en tratamiento por dependencia de drogas en Proyecto Hombre Valladolid. Los resultados que hemos obtenido indican que las escalas de síntomas con mayor puntuación son la de depresión (1,55), ideación paranoide (1,37) y obsesión-compulsión (1,27). Asimismo, la población de estudio se asemeja más a la población psiquiátrica que a la población general no clínica española según los baremos del SCL-90-R. Esto implica la necesidad de tener en cuenta la comorbilidad observada en el desarrollo de programas específicos de intervención
The analysis of the psychopathological characteristics associated with drug use remains an important issue, given the significant increasing demand for treatment for dual disorders in recent years. The aim of this study is to analyze the presence of psychopathological symptoms with the SCL-90-R and the BDI in a sample of 106 subjects under treatment for drug dependence in Proyecto Hombre Valladolid. The results we obtained suggest that symptom scales with the highest score are as follows: depression (1.55), paranoid ideation (1.37) and obsession-compulsion (1.27). In addition, the target population resembles more to the psychiatric population than the general Spanish population (not clinical) according to the scales of the SCL-90-R. This involves the need to consider the comorbidity observed in the development of specific intervention programs
