Unnatural deaths in brazilian children and adolescents / Mortes não naturais em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros

Accidents and violence are considered an important public health problem for being the main cause of mortality among children and adolescents. Assuming the hypothesis that the deaths predominantly affect men, victims of traffic accidents, the aim of this study was to assess unnatural deaths in Brazilian children and adolescents in a city in northeastern Brazil. A cross-sectional study was carried out with analysis of 584 forensic medical reports from the Legal Medicine Institute of Campina Grande, Brazil, between January 2008 and December 2011. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was conducted using the chi-square test (a = 0.05). Victims were mostly males (82.4 %) and adolescents aged from 15 to 19 years (70.0 %). The main causes of unnatural deaths were aggressions (39.2 %), followed by traffic accidents (32.7 %). Significant associations between etiology and age group were observed (p< 0.001). With regard to traffic accidents, there were more records of accidents involving motorcyclists (46.7 %), followed by vehicle occupants (29.8 %) and pedestrians (15.7%). Our hypothesis was confirmed, and the aggressions and traffic accidents were the most common causes of unnatural deaths, primarily affecting males aged from 15 to 19 years. Most deaths from traffic accidents involved motorcycle accidents

Acidentes e violência são considerados um importante problema de saúde pública por ser a principal causa de mortalidade entre crianças e adolescentes. Assumindo-se a hipótese de que as mortes acometem predominantemente homens, vítimas de acidentes de trânsito, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar as mortes não-naturais em crianças e adolescentes brasileiros em um município da região nordeste do Brasil. Um estudo transversal foi realizado através da análise de 584 laudos medico-legais do Instituto de Medicina Legal de Campina Grande, Paraíba, ocorridos entre janeiro de 2008 e dezembro de 2011. Os resultados são apresentados por meio da estatística descritiva e inferencial com o uso do teste do Qui-quadrado (a = 0,05). As vítimas foram predominantemente do sexo masculino (82,4%) com idade entre 15 e 19 anos (70%). As principais etiologias foram as agressões (39,2 %), seguidas pelos acidentes de trânsito (32,7%). Observou-se associação estatisticamente significante entre a etiologia e a faixa etária (p < 0,001), indicando elevado percentual de mortes devido às agressões (34,9%) e acidentes de trânsito (22,9%) dentro da faixa etária de 15 a 19 anos, etiologia e gênero da vítima (p < 0,001) e tipo de acidente de trânsito e idade da vítima (p < 0,001). Com relação aos acidentes de trânsito, foram mais frequentes aqueles envolvendo motociclistas (46,7%), seguidos pelos ocupantes de veículos (29,8%) e pedestres (15,7%). Agressões e acidentes de trânsito foram as causas mais comuns das mortes não-naturais, afetando predominantemente homens com idades entre 15 e 19 anos. A maioria das mortes foi devido aos acidentes envolvendo motociclistas

Dental caries experience and use of dental services among Brazilian prisoners.

This ross-sectional study involving 127 male prisoners evaluates the use of dental services and dental caries among Brazilian inmates. Data were collected by interview and clinical examination. Sociodemographic and sentencing information as well as use of dental services, self-reported dental morbidity, self-perception, and oral health impacts were investigated. The mean DMFT index value was 19.72. Of the components, the decayed component showed the highest mean value (11.06 ± 5.37). Statistically significant association was found between DMFTs with values from 22 to 32 and oral health satisfaction (p = 0.002), difficulty speaking (p = 0.024), shame of talking (p = 0.004) and smiling (p < 0.001). Regarding the use of dental services, 80% had their last dental appointment less than one year ago, with most visits occurring in prison (80%), with restorative treatment (32%), followed by dental pain (26.4%), being the main reasons for such appointments. Most prisoners used dental services provided by the prison. Although restorative treatment has been the main reason for the use of dental services, "decayed" and "missing" components contributed to the high mean DMFT index.

Locked mouths: Tooth loss in a women's prison in northeastern Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Prisoners, in general, exhibit unsatisfactory oral conditions, especially with regard to the large number of missing teeth and with untreated caries. The aim of this study was to assess tooth loss, use of and need for prosthetic rehabilitation, and use of dental services among inmates. A cross-sectional study involving 65 inmates was developed at the Regional Women's Prison of Campina Grande, Brazil. Data regarding sociodemographic and sentencing profile, use of dental services, dental morbidity, and self-perceived oral health impacts were investigated. Chi-square, Pearson, and Kruskal-Wallis (P < 0.05) statistical tests were used. The mean tooth loss was 11.3 teeth. Significant association between tooth loss and oral health satisfaction (P = 0.049), self-perceived need for dental prosthesis (P < 0.001), uncomfortable teeth brushing (P = 0.005), difficult speaking (P = 0.002), and difficulty in performing routine tasks (P = 0.025) was observed. It was observed that 29.2% of inmates were using some type of prosthesis, all deemed unsuitable for use, and 78.5% of inmates needed prosthetic rehabilitation. The oral health condition of the population studied was found to be poor, and prisoners showed significant tooth loss and need for dentures, with the aggravation of having tooth extraction as the major reason for seeking dental care.