Influence of the use of testosterone associated with physical training on some hematologic and physical parameters in older rats with alloxan-induced diabetes

ABSTRACT Objective This study investigated the possible blood changes in wistar rats elderly with and without treatment with anabolic steroids submitted physical training. Materials and methods Elderly rats (32) were divided into four groups: normal (N), treated normal (NT), diabetic (D) and treated diabetic (DT). They were submitted to 20 sessions of swimming with overload (5% body weight), 40 min/day for four weeks. The NT and DT groups received application of testosterone twice a week. At the end of the sessions, the animals were subjected to swimming until exhaustion and then killed for removal of blood and visceral fat. We evaluated maximum swim time, weight of visceral fat, erythrogram, leukogram, lipidogram and serum levels of glucose, lactate, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase. The results were compared using one-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Tukey test. Results In elderly diabetic rats, the use of anabolic associated with physical training in older rats resulted in improvement in erythrogram, lipidogram and physical performance for high-intensity aerobic exercise. However, it was related to changes in leukocyte count, probably associated with inflammation. Conclusion The combination of the use of testosterone with physical training, followed by maximal effort test caused changes hematological and biochemical can be associated with improvement in physiological characteristics, with increase of the swimming time and decrease of visceral fat levels, improvement in aerobic metabolism of fatty acids and glucose in normal and diabetic animals.

Influence of the use of testosterone associated with physical training on some hematologic and physical parameters in older rats with alloxan-induced diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: This study investigated the possible blood changes in wistar rats elderly with and without treatment with anabolic steroids submitted physical training. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Elderly rats (32) were divided into four groups: normal (N), treated normal (NT), diabetic (D) and treated diabetic (DT). They were submitted to 20 sessions of swimming with overload (5% body weight), 40 min/day for four weeks. The NT and DT groups received application of testosterone twice a week. At the end of the sessions, the animals were subjected to swimming until exhaustion and then killed for removal of blood and visceral fat. We evaluated maximum swim time, weight of visceral fat, erythrogram, leukogram, lipidogram and serum levels of glucose, lactate, aspartate aminotransferase and creatine kinase. The results were compared using one-way ANOVA followed by the post hoc Tukey test. RESULTS: In elderly diabetic rats, the use of anabolic associated with physical training in older rats resulted in improvement in erythrogram, lipidogram and physical performance for high-intensity aerobic exercise. However, it was related to changes in leukocyte count, probably associated with inflammation. CONCLUSION: The combination of the use of testosterone with physical training, followed by maximal effort test caused changes hematological and biochemical can be associated with improvement in physiological characteristics, with increase of the swimming time and decrease of visceral fat levels, improvement in aerobic metabolism of fatty acids and glucose in normal and diabetic animals.

Chronic effects of resistance exercise using reciprocal muscle actions on functional and proprioceptive performance of young individuals: randomized controlled trial. / Efeitos crônicos do exercício resistido com contrações recíprocas no desempenho funcional e proprioceptivo de indivíduos jovens: ensaio controlado aleatório

Studies have suggested that benefits from resistance exercise (RE) using antagonist muscle pre-activation could be transferred to functional activities. However, chronic studies using pre-activation through reciprocal actions in neuromuscular performance and functional activities are scarce. The aim of this study is to compare the effects of 12 RE sessions using reciprocal muscle actions and a traditional mode on functional and proprioceptive performance of young individuals. Forty eight young subjects were randomized into two groups: 1) reciprocal training (RT, 3 sets; 10 repetitions; knee flexion immediately followed by knee extension), 2) traditional training (TRA, 3 sets. 10 repetitions; knee extension). Pre and post evaluations were characterized by balance tests, hop tests (HT) and "8" shape circuit (RC8). ANOVA 2X2 of mixed model was applied to analyze differences between pre and post-training conditions and between groups. For overall and anterior-posterior balance, no significant differences were found between RT and TRA (p>0.05). Similarly, no post-training differences were found. The medial lateral balance in the dominant limb showed no significant differences in post-training for both groups (p = 0.94), but the non-dominant limb showed significant differences between groups (p<0.01). In HT, significant post-training increases were found within groups (p<0.01), but no differences were found between them (p=0.90). RC8 was different between groups (p=0.03), indicating better post-training running time for TRA. Resistance exercise caused transfers to balance and functional performance, and training with reciprocal muscle actions showed better rates for HT and medial lateral knee balance.

Estudos sugerem que benefícios do exercício resistido (ER) com pré-ativação da musculatura antagonista podem ser transferidos para atividades funcionais. No entanto, estudos crônicos utilizando a pré-ativação no desempenho neuromuscular e nas atividades funcionais são escassos. O estudo teve por objetivo comparar os efeitos de 12 sessões de ER com ações recíprocas e um modelo tradicional no desempenho funcional e proprioceptivo de indivíduos jovens. Quarenta e oito homens foram aleatorizados em 2 grupos: 1) treinamento recíproco (TRE, 3 séries; 10 repetições; flexão do joelho imediatamente seguida pela extensão do joelho); 2) treinamento tradicional (TRA, 3 séries; 10 repetições; extensão do joelho). As avaliações pré e pós foram caracterizadas por testes de equilíbrio, salto unipodal em distância (SUD) e corrida em formato de "8" (CR8). Aplicou-se uma ANOVA 2X2 de modelos mistos para analisar diferenças entre as condições pré e pós e entre os grupos. No equilíbrio global e anteroposterior, não foram encontradas diferenças significantes entre os grupos TRE e TRA (p>0,05). Do mesmo modo, não foram encontradas diferenças pós-treinamento. O equilíbrio mediolateral no membro dominante não demonstrou diferenças significantes pós-treinamento (p=0,94), mas o membro não dominante demonstrou diferença significante entres os grupos (p<0,01). No SUD, houve aumentos significantes pós-treinamento nos grupos (p<0,01), mas sem diferença entre ambos (p=0,90). A CR8 apresentou diferença entre grupos (p=0,03), com melhor tempo de corrida do TRA pós-treinamento. O ER gerou transferências para o equilíbrio e testes funcionais, e o treinamento com ações recíprocas apresentou ...

Análise da evolução de parâmetros bioquímicos do sangue e de alterações dentárias em ratos diabéticos sob a ação terapêutica do chá-verde / Evaluation of blood biochemical substancies and dental alterations in diabetic rats under the therapeutic action of the green tea

O diabetes é um problema de saúde que vem aumentando cada vez mais na população mundial. Suas principais causas estão relacionadas aos comportamentos da vida moderna, como a má alimentação e o sedentarismo. O tratamento extremo da doença é a aplicação de insulina exógena, mas atualmente, busca-se terapias alternativas, menos invasivas e dispendiosas, e mais práticas, como o uso do chá-verde, por seu possível efeito antihiperglicêmico. Neste estudo, o objetivo foi analisar os efeitos do chá em alguns parâmetros bioquímicos do sangue e histológicos dos tecidos dentários de ratos diabéticos. Foram utilizados 80 ratos Wistar, sendo que 40 constituíram o grupo experimental diabético e 40, o grupo controle. Estes grupos foram subdivididos em dois cada, os tratados com chá-verde e os que não receberam tratamento. Seguiu-se uma terceira subdivisão em grupos de 5 animais (n=5) de acordo com os períodos experimentais de 15 dias, 1, 2 e 3 meses. A indução do diabetes foi conseguida pela injeção de 50 mg/kg de estreptozotocina intra-peritoneal em animais com 2 meses de idade. Após 1 semana o diabetes foi diagnosticado por exames clínicos e glicemia maior do que 180 mg/dL. A partir daí, os animais tratados tiveram a ingestão hídrica substituída pela ingestão de chá-verde por 24 h ao dia. O chá-verde foi preparado com 7 g da folha desidratada / L água, em infusão por 10 min. Ao completarem-se os períodos experimentais, o sangue foi colhido, os animais foram mortos e suas mandíbulas extraídas e preparadas para a análise histológica. A avaliação histomorfométrica mostrou uma redução do volume de fibras entre os grupos de 3 meses em relação ao de 15 dias. As lesões cariosas foram verificadas e apresentaram-se nos períodos de 2 e 3 meses da doença, sendo que o chá-verde provavelmente inibiu em 50% as cáries nos animais diabéticos aos 2 meses experimentais. Os níveis glicêmicos sofreram um aumento significante entre os períodos de 15 dias a 1 mês da doença e, então...

The diabetes is a increasing all around the world. The most probable causes are the problems related to the dietry and the lack of physical exercises. The best treatment known is the insulin, however, nowadays we have some efforts to discovery new types of treatment, chipper and more practical as the green tea. The green tea is wideness know like a anti-hyperglycemic agent. In our study, we aim to analyze the biochemical effects in the blood and the histology of the dental tissues in diabetic rats submitted to the therapy of green tea. For that we used 80 Wistar rats divided first in 2 groups, control and diabetic induced by streptozotocin. So on, the groups of 40 we divided again in 2 groups, each one recived water or green tea. Each 5 animals (n=5) of each group were killed according to the periods (15, 30, 60 and 90 days). The induction was achieved by the intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of weight body of streptozotocin. One week later the diabetes was diagnosed by clinical exams where the glycemic level reached 180 mg/dL. Then, the treatment started and the green tea groups had their liquid dietry of water substituted by green tea 24 h a day. The tea was prepared with 7 g/L of water in 10 min infusion. When the periods were completed the animals were killed and their maxillaries were removed and prepared for the histological analysis. The histomorphometrical evaluation showed a reduction in the fibers volume between the 15 and 90 days experimental periods. The caries injuries were presented in the periods of 60 and 90 days, but only in the diabetical group, and the green tea was able to prevent in 50% the number of caries in 60 days of treatment. The glycemic level was pretty higher in 30 days when compared to the 15 days, after that it didnt present any significant elevation. In this gap of time (15 to 30 days) the green tea showed anti-hyperglycemic and anticholesterol effects and also decreased the creatinina level in diabetics. The urea...