ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Sex-determining region Y-box 3 (SOX3) protein, a SOX transcriptions factors group, has been identified as a key regulator in several diseases, including cancer. Downregulation of transcriptions factors in invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) can interfere in neoplasia development, increasing its aggressiveness. We investigated SOX3 protein expression and its correlation with apoptosis in the MDA-MB-231 cell line, as SOX3 and Pro-Caspase-3 immunoexpression in paraffin-embedded invasive ductal carcinoma tissue samples from patients (n = 27). Breast cancer cell line MDA-MD-231 transfected with pEF1-SOX3 + and pEF1-Empty vector followed by cytotoxicity assay (MTT), Annexin-V FITC PI for apoptosis percentage assessment by flow cytometry, qPCR for apoptotic-related gene expression, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemistry to SOX3 immunolocalization in culture cells, and paraffin-embedded invasive ductal carcinoma tissue samples. RESULTS: Apoptotic rate was higher in cells transfected with pEF1-SOX3 + (56%) than controls (10%). MDA-MB-231 transfected with pEF1-SOX3 + presented upregulation of pro-apoptotic mRNA from CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, and BAX genes, contrasting with downregulation antiapoptotic mRNA from BCL2, compared to non-transfected cells and cells transfected with pEF1-empty vector (p < 0.005). SOX3 protein nuclear expression was detected in 14% (4/27 cases) of ductal carcinoma cases, and pro-Caspase-3 expression was positive in 50% of the cases. CONCLUSION: Data suggest that SOX3 transcription factor upregulates apoptosis in breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, and has a down nuclear expression in ductal carcinoma cases, and need to be investigated as a tumor suppressor protein, and its loss of expression and non-nuclear action turn the cells resistant to apoptosis. Further studies are necessary to understand how SOX3 protein regulates the promoter regions of genes involved in apoptosis.
Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast , Breast Neoplasms/genetics , Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/genetics , Caspase 3 , Female , Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate , Humans , RNA, Messenger , SOXB1 Transcription Factors , Tumor Suppressor Proteins , Up-Regulation , bcl-2-Associated X ProteinABSTRACT
A trombose venosa subclávio-axilar é um evento trombótico pouco frequente, relacionado a esforço físico excessivo com o membro superior dominante. Ocorre predominantemente em indivíduos jovens do sexo masculino, e apresenta-se com quadro agudo de trombose venosa profunda, devendo ser lembrada no diagnóstico diferencial de patologias que causam dor e edema em membro superior. O diagnóstico e a terapêutica precoces têm fundamental importância para minimizar a morbidade desta condição
The axillary-subclavian vein thrombosis is an infrequent thrombotic event, related to excessive physical effort with the dominant upper extremity. It happens predominantly in young men and appears as deep vein thrombosis that must be reminded on the differential diagnosis of pathologies that cause pain and swelling in the upper extremity. The early diagnosis and therapy have great importance to minimize the morbidity of this condition
