Antiulcer and gastric antisecretory effects of dichloromethane fraction and piplartine obtained from fruits of Piper tuberculatum Jacq. in rats.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Piper tuberculatum Jacq. (Piperaceae) is medicinally used as an analgesic and as a treatment for gastric complaints. Thus, the current study aimed to investigate the gastroprotective and antisecretory properties of the dichloromethane fraction of the fruit of Piper tuberculatum (DFPT) and piplartine, a compound isolated from the DFPT, in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Gastric ulcers were induced in fasted rats by oral administration of absolute ethanol and then mucus content and glutathione (GSH) levels were measured. Mechanisms underlying the antisecretory action were studied through gastric H(+),K(+)-ATPase activity of highly purified rabbit gastric microsomes and pylorus ligature method in rats. RESULTS: In the acute toxicity test the values of estimated LD50 for oral and intraperitoneal administration of DFPT were 1.6266 and 0.2684g/kg, respectively. The DFPT (ED50=29mg/kg, p.o.) and piplartine (4.5mg/kg, p.o.) promoted gastroprotection against acute lesions induced by ethanol, effect that could be related with the maintenance of GSH levels in the gastric mucosa. However, only DFPT stimulated gastric mucus secretion. In vitro, the DFPT and piplartine inhibited the H(+),K(+)-ATPase activity and, in vivo DFPT and piplartine also reduced basal gastric acid secretion, as well as that stimulated by pentagastrin. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that DFPT and piplatine cause marked gastroprotective effects accompanied by the increase and maintenance of gastric mucus and GSH levels, as well as a reduction in gastric acid secretion through the gastrinergic pathway.

Antinociceptive effect of crude extract, fractions and three alkaloids obtained from fruits of Piper tuberculatum.

This study investigated the possible antinociceptive effect of the crude extract, fractions and pure compounds (three alkaloids) obtained from fruits of Piper tuberculatum JACQ. (Piperaceae) in acetic acid-induced visceral pain in mice. Oral administration of crude extract and fractions (CH(2)Cl(2), EtOAc, methanol and hexane) (3-300 mg kg(-1)) caused a dose-related and significant inhibition of the acetic acid-induced visceral nociceptive response. The crude extract, dichloromethane (CH(2)Cl(2)) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fractions were more potent than methanol and hexane fractions. The isolated alkaloids dihydro-piplartine, piplartine and 3,4,5-trimethoxydihydrocinnamic acid (0.0001-30 mg kg(-1)) exhibited significant and dose-related antinociceptive effects against acetic acid-induced visceral pain. The results show, for the first time, that crude extract, fractions and pure compounds obtained from P. tuberculatum produce marked antinociception against the acetic acid-induced visceral nociceptive response, supporting the ethnomedical use of P. tuberculatum.

Constituintes químicos fixos e voláteis dos talos e frutos de Piper tuberculatum Jacq. e das raízes de P. hispidum H. B. K. / Fixed and volatile chemical constituents from stems and fruits of Piper tuberculatum Jacq. and from roots of P. hispidum H. B. K

Os óleos essenciais dos frutos e talos finos de Piper tuberculatum e das raízes de P. hispidum, coletados no estado de Rondônia, foram obtidos por hidrodestilação e analisados por GC e GC-MS. Foram identificados como constituintes majoritários, nos óleos dos frutos e talos finos de P. tuberculatum, o óxido de cariofileno (32,1 por cento) e (26,6 por cento) e o (E)-cariofileno (17,7 por cento) e (12,3 por cento), respectivamente. No óleo essencial das raízes de P. hispidum, foram identificados, como constituintes majoritários, o dilapiol (57,5 por cento), a elemicina (24,5 por cento) e o apiol (10,2 por cento). Do extrato etanólico dos frutos de P. tuberculatum, foram isolados os esteróides β-sitosterol e estigmasterol, as amidas piplartina e dihidropiplartina e um derivado do ácido cinâmico, o ácido 3,4,5-trimetoxi-dihidrocinâmico.

The essential oils of the fruits and fine stems of Piper tuberculatum and of the roots of P. hispidum, collected in the state of Rondônia, had been gotten by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC and GC-MS. Caryophyllene oxide - 32,1 percent in fruits and 26,6 percent in fine stem, and (E)-caryophyllene - 17,7 percent in fruits and 12,3 percent in fine stems, were identified as the major constituents in such parts of P. tuberculatum. In the essential oil of the roots of P. hispidum, dillapiol (57,5 percent), elemicine (24,5 percent) and apiole (10,2 percent) were identified as the most abundant constituents. From the ethanolic extract of the fruits of P. tuberculatum, the steroids β-sitosterol and stigmasterol, the amides piplartine and dihidropiplartine and the derivative of the cinâmico acid 3,4,5-trimethoxy-dihidrocinâmic acid were isolated.

[Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among children of different socioeconomic levels in Porto Velho, State of Rondônia]. / Soroprevalência da infecção por Helicobacter pylori em crianças de diferentes níveis sócio-econômicos em Porto Velho, Estado de Rondônia.

This study investigated the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in 200 children in the city of Porto Velho, State of Rondônia, divided in two groups of 100 children. The prevalence of seropositivity varied considerably according to socioeconomic level, such that 51% of the lower-level children and 24% of the middle-class children were positive. The characteristics of the child population relating to sex, ethnicity and diet did not represent risk factors for acquiring the infection. However, most of the infected children were in the age group of five years or older, independent of socioeconomic level. The phenotypic distribution of ABO blood groups among the infected and uninfected individuals showed that the seroreactivity to Helicobacter pylori was greater among the children with the O blood type, thus suggesting that these children have greater genetic susceptibility to infection by Helicobacter pylori.

Soroprevalência da infecção por Helicobacter pylori em crianças de diferentes níveis sócio-econômicos em Porto Velho, Estado de Rondônia / Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection among children of different socioeconomic levels in Porto Velho, State of Rondônia

O estudo investigou a soroprevalência de infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori em 200 (subdivididas em 2 grupos) crianças da Cidade de Porto Velho, Rondônia. A prevalência da soropositividade variou consideravelmente de acordo com o nível sócio-econômico, onde 51 por cento das crianças de baixo nível e 24 por cento de classe média eram positivas. As características da população infantil relacionadas ao sexo, raça e dieta alimentar não representaram fatores de risco para a aquisição da infecção; porém, a maioria das infectadas pertencia à faixa etária de cinco ou mais anos, independente do nível sócio-econômico. A distribuição fenotípica dos grupos sanguíneos ABO, entre os indivíduos infectados e não infectados, mostrou4 que a sororeatividade ao Helicobacter pylori foi maior entre as crianças do grupo sanguíneo O, sugerindo que há uma maior susceptibilidade genética destas crianças para a infecção pelo Helicobacter pylori.

This study investigated the seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection in 200 children in the city of Porto Velho, State of Rondônia, divided in two groups of 100 children. The prevalence of seropositivity varied considerably according to socioeconomic level, such that 51 percent of the lower-level children and 24 percent of the middle-class children were positive. The characteristics of the child population relating to sex, ethnicity and diet did not represent risk factors for acquiring the infection. However, most of the infected children were in the age group of five years or older, independent of socioeconomic level. The phenotypic distribution of ABO blood groups among the infected and uninfected individuals showed that the seroreactivity to Helicobacter pylori was greater among the children with the O blood type, thus suggesting that these children have greater genetic susceptibility to infection by Helicobacter pylori.

Eletroforese de vasodilatadores coronarianos / Electrophoresis of coronary vasodilators

Os vasodilatadores coronarianos dinitrato de isossorbida e 1, 1, 1-tris (nitratometil) propano foram completamente separados por eletroforese unidimensional em papel (qualitativo Klabin), nos tempos de 15, 30, 60, 90 e 120 minutos, empregando-se eletrólitos de diversas concentraçöes, sob um gradiente de potencial de 12,6 v/cm