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1.
J Anim Breed Genet ; 138(2): 161-173, 2021 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32949478

ABSTRACT

With the availability of high-density SNP panels and the establishment of approaches for characterizing homozygosity and heterozygosity sites, it is possible to access fine-scale information regarding genomes, providing more than just comparisons of different inbreeding coefficients. This is the first study that seeks to access such information for the Mangalarga Marchador (MM) horse breed on a genomic scale. To this end, we aimed to assess inbreeding levels using different coefficients, as well as to characterize homozygous and heterozygous runs in the population. Using Axiom ® Equine Genotyping Array-670k SNP (Thermo Fisher), 192 horses were genotyped. Our results showed different estimates: inbreeding from genomic coefficients (FROH ) = 0.16; pedigree-based (FPED ) = 0.008; and a method based on excess homozygosity (FHOM ) = 0.010. The correlations between the inbreeding coefficients were low to moderate, and some comparisons showed negative correlations, being practically null. In total, 85,295 runs of homozygosity (ROH) and 10,016 runs of heterozygosity (ROHet) were characterized for the 31 horse autosomal chromosomes. The class with the highest percentage of ROH was 0-2 Mbps, with 92.78% of the observations. In the ROHet results, only the 0-2 class presented observations, with chromosome 11 highlighted in a region with high genetic variability. Three regions from the ROHet analyses showed genes with known functions: tripartite motif-containing 37 (TRIM37), protein phosphatase, Mg2+ /Mn2+ dependent 1E (PPM1E) and carbonic anhydrase 10 (CA10). Therefore, our findings suggest moderate inbreeding, possibly attributed to breed formation, annulling possible recent inbreeding. Furthermore, regions with high variability in the MM genome were identified (ROHet), associated with the recent selection and important events in the development and performance of MM horses over generations.


Subject(s)
Inbreeding , Animals , Genome , Genotype , Homozygote , Horses , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
2.
Rev. colomb. cienc. pecu ; 28(3): 247-254, jul.-sep. 2015. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-757272

ABSTRACT

Background: Angus breed strains (Black and Red) perform differently under tropical conditions. Objective: to evaluate differences among F1 Nellore x Aberdeen Angus and F1 Nellore x Red Angus regarding productive performance and carcass traits under tropical conditions. Methods: forty-one heifers were used to assess the effect of both genetic groups on productive performance and carcass traits. The performance parameters evaluated were final live body weight and average daily gain. The carcass traits were: 1) hot and cold carcass weight and cold carcass dressing percentage, 2) carcass conformation and fatting (both ranging from 1 to 5), 3) back fat thickness, 4) rib eye area, 5) cutability, and 6) total usable meat, and commercial cut yield. Animals were divided in two groups and fed Megathyrsus maximum grass in three pens for 28 days. After this period, animals were relocated in a feedlot system for 84 days, and weighed at the beginning and at the end. All data were subjected to analysis of variance with initial live weight as a covariate. Results: differences were found between groups for productive performance and carcass traits such as back fat, and rib eye area. However, no difference was observed for conformation, fatting, ease of cutability, total usable meat, and Brazilian commercial cuts. Conclusion: F1 Nellore x Aberdeen Angus heifers had increased growth performance and carcass traits under tropical conditions.


Antecedentes: las variedades de la raza Angus (Negro o Rojo) pueden exhibir un rendimiento diferente en condiciones tropicales. Objetivo: el objetivo fue evaluar las diferencias entre los grupos genéticos de bovinos Nelore x Angus F1 y F1 Nelore x Angus Colorado en cuanto al rendimiento de la canal y las características productivas en condiciones tropicales. Métodos: se utilizaron 41 novillas para evaluar los grupos genéticos con respecto al crecimiento y características de la canal. Como parámetros de rendimiento productivo se evaluó el peso vivo final y la ganancia diaria, y para características de la canal: 1) peso en canal caliente, fría y rendimiento, 2) conformación de la canal, 3) el espesor de grasa, 4) área del ojo del lomo, 5) cortabilidad y 6) carne total utilizable y cortes comerciales brasileños. Los animales fueron divididos en dos grupos y alimentados con pasto Megathyrsus maximum bajo pastoreo rotacional en tres corrales durante 28 días. Luego fueron trasladados 84 dias a un sistema de confinamiento, siendo pesados al inicio y al final del tratamiento. Todos los datos fueron sometidos a análisis de varianza con el peso vivo inicial como covariable. Resultados: hubo diferencias en el rendimiento productivo y características de la canal, en espesor de grasa dorsal y área del ojo del lomo. Sin embargo, no hubo diferencia en la conformación, el acabado, cortabilidad, la carne utilizable total y de los cortes brasileños. Conclusión: novillas F1 Nellore x Aberdeen Angus presentaron mayor rendimiento y características de la canal de crecimiento en condiciones tropicales.


Antecedentes: animais da raça Angus podem apresentar desempenho diferente de acordó com a linha (Red Angus ou Black Angus). Objetivo: objetivou avaliar os grupos genéticos bovinos F1 Nelore x Angus Aberdeen e Nelore x Red Angus quanto ao desempenho produtivo e características de carcaça em condições tropicais. Métodos: foram utilizadas quarenta e uma novilhas para avaliar o grupo genético em relação ao desempenho de crescimento e características de carcaça. Como parâmetros de desempenho produtivo foram avaliados o peso vivo final e ganho diário e para características de carcaça: 1) peso de carcaça quente, fria e rendimento, 2) conformação da carcaça e de acabamento, 3) espessura de gordura, 4) área de olho de lombo, 5) retalhabilidade e 6) porção comestível total e rendimento de cortes comerciais brasileiros. Os animais foram divididos em dois grupos e alimentados em pastagem de Megathyrsus maximum sob pastejo rotacionado em três piquetes por 28 dias e posteriomente confinados por 84 dias, onde foram pesados no início e no final do tratamento. Todos os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância com o peso vivo inicial como covariável. Resultados: houve diferenças em desempenho produtivo e características de carcaça, a espessura de gordura subcutânea e a área de olho de lombo. No entanto, não houve diferença para conformação, acabamento, cutabilidade e rendimento dos cortes brasileiros. Conclusão: novilhas Nelore x Angus Aberdeen apresentaram melhores caracterististicas de carcaça e desempenho.

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