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1.
Nutr. hosp ; 41(1): 152-162, Ene-Feb, 2024. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-230895

ABSTRACT

Introducción: los hábitos de alimentación constituyen uno de los factores predictores de salud principales dentro de los estilos de vida adqui-ridos. La evaluación de dichos hábitos va a ser fundamental para poder reafirmar las conductas saludables y reorientar aquellos hábitos quesupongan un riesgo.Objetivos: evaluar el hábito de alimentación dentro del estilo de vida saludable adquirido en adultos españoles de 22 a 72 años de edad.Métodos: a una muestra de 788 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre los 22 y los 72 años de edad se aplicó la Escala de Valoración delEstilo de Vida Saludable Adquirido (E-VEVSA), formada por 52 ítems y estructurada en siete dimensiones, entre las cuales se evaluó el hábitode alimentación saludable, que explicó una varianza de 8,67 % sobre el total de la escala (66,87 %) y un alfa de Cronbach de 0,794 para unalfa total de 0,894.Resultados: el 16 % de los adultos encuestados posee hábitos de alimentación saludables; el 68,3 %, tendente hacia la salud; y el 15,7 %, pocosaludables. Las pruebas de χ2 de Pearson muestran una asociación positiva y significativa de las mujeres con hábitos saludables de alimentacióny una mejora significativa con el transcurso de la edad. Los datos inferenciales (pruebas t de Student y ANOVA de un factor) confirman estasdiferencias en función del sexo y la edad.Conclusiones: es necesario promover programas preventivos para la mejora de los hábitos de alimentación en la población adulta, sobre todo,en el 15,7 % que posee un nivel poco saludable de la alimentación en su estilo de vida.(AU)


Introduction: eating habits are one of the main predictors of health within a person lifestyle. The assessment of these habits will be essentialto confirm health-related habits and orientate behaviors of risk for health.Objectives: to assess the eating habits within the health-related lifestyle among Spanish adults from 22 to 72 years of age.Methods: the Health-Related Lifestyle Assessment Scale (E-VEVSA) was applied to a sample of 788 subjects between the ages of 22 and 72.This scale is made up of 52 items and structured in seven dimensions, among which the healthy eating habit was evaluated, which explained avariance of 8.67 % of the total scale (66.87 %) and a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.794 for a total alpha of 0.894.Results: sixteen percent of the adults surveyed have healthy eating habits, 68.3 % tend towards health and 15.7 % are unhealthy. Pearson’sχ2 tests show a positive and significant association of women with healthy eating habits and a significant improvement with age. The inferentialdata (Student’s t-tests and one-factor ANOVA) confirm these differences according to gender and age.Conclusions: it is necessary to promote preventive programs to improve eating habits in the adult population, especially in the 15.7 % that havean unhealthy level of nutrition in their lifestyle.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Healthy Lifestyle , Feeding Behavior , Nutritional Status , Health , Nutritional Sciences , Spain
2.
Nutr Hosp ; 41(1): 152-162, 2024 Feb 15.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38047428

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Introduction: eating habits are one of the main predictors of health within a person lifestyle. The assessment of these habits will be essential to confirm health-related habits and orientate behaviors of risk for health. Objectives: to assess the eating habits within the health-related lifestyle among Spanish adults from 22 to 72 years of age. Methods: the Health-Related Lifestyle Assessment Scale (E-VEVSA) was applied to a sample of 788 subjects between the ages of 22 and 72. This scale is made up of 52 items and structured in seven dimensions, among which the healthy eating habit was evaluated, which explained a variance of 8.67 % of the total scale (66.87 %) and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.794 for a total alpha of 0.894. Results: sixteen percent of the adults surveyed have healthy eating habits, 68.3 % tend towards health and 15.7 % are unhealthy. Pearson's 2 tests show a positive and significant association of women with healthy eating habits and a significant improvement with age. The inferential data (Student's t-tests and one-factor ANOVA) confirm these differences according to gender and age. Conclusions: it is necessary to promote preventive programs to improve eating habits in the adult population, especially in the 15.7 % that have an unhealthy level of nutrition in their lifestyle.


Introducción: Introducción: los hábitos de alimentación constituyen uno de los factores predictores de salud principales dentro de los estilos de vida adquiridos. La evaluación de dichos hábitos va a ser fundamental para poder reafirmar las conductas saludables y reorientar aquellos hábitos que supongan un riesgo. Objetivos: evaluar el hábito de alimentación dentro del estilo de vida saludable adquirido en adultos españoles de 22 a 72 años de edad. Métodos: a una muestra de 788 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre los 22 y los 72 años de edad se aplicó la Escala de Valoración del Estilo de Vida Saludable Adquirido (E-VEVSA), formada por 52 ítems y estructurada en siete dimensiones, entre las cuales se evaluó el hábito de alimentación saludable, que explicó una varianza de 8,67 % sobre el total de la escala (66,87 %) y un alfa de Cronbach de 0,794 para un alfa total de 0,894. Resultados: el 16 % de los adultos encuestados posee hábitos de alimentación saludables; el 68,3 %, tendente hacia la salud; y el 15,7 %, poco saludables. Las pruebas de 2 de Pearson muestran una asociación positiva y significativa de las mujeres con hábitos saludables de alimentación y una mejora significativa con el transcurso de la edad. Los datos inferenciales (pruebas t de Student y ANOVA de un factor) confirman estas diferencias en función del sexo y la edad. Conclusiones: es necesario promover programas preventivos para la mejora de los hábitos de alimentación en la población adulta, sobre todo, en el 15,7 % que posee un nivel poco saludable de la alimentación en su estilo de vida.


Subject(s)
Health Status , Life Style , Adult , Humans , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Diet, Healthy , Feeding Behavior , Habits
3.
Clín. investig. arterioscler. (Ed. impr.) ; 35(1): 12-20, Ene-Feb. 2023. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-215761

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El objetivo de la presente investigación se ha centrado en evaluar el nivel del estilo de vida saludable adquirido en adultos españoles de las ciudades españolas de Albacete y Murcia, y analizar las diferencias existentes en función del sexo y la edad. Material y métodos: Sobre una muestra de 788 sujetos de edades comprendidas entre los 22 y 72 años de edad se aplicó la Escala de Valoración del Estilo de Vida Saludable Adquirido, formada por 52 ítems y estructurada en 7 dimensiones que explicaron una varianza total de 66,87% y un alfa de Cronbach de 0,894. Resultados: El 12% de los adultos encuestados tenía un estilo de vida saludable, el 53% tendente hacia la salud y el 35% nada o poco saludable. Las pruebas de χ2 de Pearson y análisis de residuos muestran una asociación positiva y significativa de las mujeres a la salud y una tendencia a la mejora significativa del estilo de vida con el transcurso de la edad. Los datos inferenciales (pruebas t de Student y ANOVA de un factor) confirman estas diferencias en función del sexo y la edad. Conclusiones: Es necesario promover programas preventivos para la mejora de la salud en los hábitos de la población, sobre todo en el 35% que posee un nivel poco o nada saludable en su estilo de vida.(AU)


Objective: The objective of this paper has focused on assessing the level of health-related lifestyle acquired in Spanish adults in the Spanish cities of Albacete and Murcia, and analyzing the existing differences according to sex and age. Material and methods: On a sample of 788 subjects aged between 22 and 72, the Health-related Lifestyle Assessment Scale was applied, consisting of 52 items and structured in 7 dimensions that explained a total variance of 66.87% and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.894. Results: A percentage of 12 of the adults surveyed have a healthy lifestyle, 53% show a trend to health and 35% poor or unhealthy. Pearson's χ2 tests show a positive and significant association of women with health and a trend of significant improvement in lifestyle with age. The inferential data (t-Student tests and one-factor ANOVA) confirm these differences according to gender and age. Conclusions: It is necessary to promote preventive programs to improve health in the habits of the population, especially in the 35% that show a poor or unhealthy level of lifestyle.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Healthy Lifestyle , Diet, Healthy , Motor Activity , Sports , Behavior Rating Scale , Spain , Surveys and Questionnaires
4.
Clin Investig Arterioscler ; 35(1): 12-20, 2023.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35840427

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper has focused on assessing the level of health-related lifestyle acquired in Spanish adults in the Spanish cities of Albacete and Murcia, and analyzing the existing differences according to sex and age. MATERIAL AND METHODS: On a sample of 788 subjects aged between 22 and 72, the Health-related Lifestyle Assessment Scale was applied, consisting of 52 items and structured in 7 dimensions that explained a total variance of 66.87% and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.894. RESULTS: A percentage of 12 of the adults surveyed have a healthy lifestyle, 53% show a trend to health and 35% poor or unhealthy. Pearson's χ2 tests show a positive and significant association of women with health and a trend of significant improvement in lifestyle with age. The inferential data (t-Student tests and one-factor ANOVA) confirm these differences according to gender and age. CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to promote preventive programs to improve health in the habits of the population, especially in the 35% that show a poor or unhealthy level of lifestyle.


Subject(s)
Life Style , Quality of Life , Adult , Humans , Female , Young Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Assessment , Healthy Lifestyle
5.
Salud(i)ciencia (Impresa) ; 25(3): 173-181, 2022. tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1437047

ABSTRACT

The lifestyle is the result of a set of behavior patterns or sociocultural habits acquired over the years that determines the state of physical, mental and social health of people. The aim was to analyze the habit of consuming tobacco, alcohol and other illegal drugs in the acquired healthy lifestyle. Descriptive, epidemiological and cross-sectional study in 788 participants aged 22 to 77 years (49.5% men; 50.5% women) selected by non-probabilistic and intentional sampling. Subscale 4 Tobacco, alcohol and other drug consumption habits was used. of the Acquired Healthy Lifestyle Assessment Scale. The following classifications on consumption habits were made: a) tobacco (non-smoker, mild, moderate, high and very high risk), b) alcohol (no risk, prudent consumption, low, moderate and high risk), c) drugs (never, almost never, with some frequency, quite frequently and very frequently) and d) global (not at all healthy, unhealthy, tending towards health and healthy). The results showed that 27% of the participants need to improve their lifestyle by eliminating (or reducing) drug use, acquiring healthier habits. Regarding the differences according to sex, men, compared to women, presented a higher prevalence of unhealthy habits, especially alcohol. In relation to the differences according to the age group, the participants from 49 to 55 years old presented the highest prevalence of habits in the unhealthy or unhealthy levels, while the group from 56 to 72 years old showed the healthiest levels in relation to the habit of drug use.


El objetivo fue analizar el hábito de consumo de tabaco, alcohol y otras drogas ilegales en el estilo de vida saludable adquirido. Estudio descriptivo, epidemiológico y transversal en 788 participantes de 22 a 77 años de edad (49,5% varones; 50,5% mujeres) seleccionados mediante muestreo no probabilístico e intencional. Se empleó la sub-escala 4. Hábito de consumo de tabaco, alcohol y otras drogas de la Escala de Valoración del Estilo de Vida Saludable Adquirido. Se realizaron las siguientes clasificaciones sobre el hábito de consumo: a) tabaco (no fumador, leve, moderado, alto y muy alto riesgo), b) alcohol (ningún riesgo, consumo prudente, bajo, moderado y alto riesgo), c) drogas (nunca, casi nunca, con alguna frecuencia, con bastante frecuencia y con mucha frecuencia) y d) global (nada saludable, poco saludable, tendente hacia la salud y saludable). Los resultados mostraron que el 27% de los participantes necesita mejorar su estilo de vida eliminando (o reduciendo) el consumo de drogas, adquiriendo hábitos más saludables. Con respecto a las diferencias según sexo, los varones, en comparación con las mujeres, presentaron una mayor prevalencia de hábitos no saludables, sobre todo, de alcohol. En relación a las diferencias según el grupo de edad, los participantes de 49 a 55 años presentaron la mayor prevalencia de hábitos en los niveles poco o nada saludables, mientras que el grupo de 56 a 72 años mostró los niveles más saludables en relación al hábito de consumo de drogas.


Subject(s)
Healthy Lifestyle , Spain , Alcohol Drinking , Tobacco Use , Substance Abuse, Oral
6.
Rev cuba neurol neurocir ; 9(2)July-Dec. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-76112

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Proponer una perspectiva general del plan de estudios y de los principales documentos docentes para la residencia de Neurología en Cuba.Desarrollo: Se analizan varios de aspectos del plan de la residencia de Neurología en Cuba. Primero se especifica el programa o plan de estudios oficial y las propuestas de cambios realizadas. Luego se consideran los criterios para la selección del centro docente-asistencial para la formación parcial o total. También se incluyen algunas aclaraciones sobre: la distribución de las rotaciones o estanciasobligatorias para cada curso académico; los contenidos y módulos específicos en la función de atención médica; el horario laboral y de descanso; la relevancia de la actividad investigativa y la publicación de artículos; el sistema de evaluación y las prácticas negativas a evitar en su desempeño; y las diferencias entre el título y perfil asistencial de un especialista de primer y segundo grado. Finalmente, se anexanvarios formularios para contribuir a la informatización eficiente de los documentos académicos.Conclusiones: El artículo constituye una introducción al tema con propuestas para el perfeccionamiento de la docencia neurológica de posgrado. Es necesario que la directiva del Áreade Docencia e Investigaciones del Ministerio de Salud Pública fomente un consenso actualizado del programa o plan de estudio oficial de la residencia de Neurología en Cuba(AU)


Objective: To propose a general perspective of the curriculum and of the main teaching documents for the Neurology residence in Cuba.Development: Several aspects of the Neurology residency curriculum in Cuba were analyzed. First, the official curriculum and the proposed changes were specified. Then the criteria for the selection of the teaching-assistance center were considered for partial or total training. Some clarifications werealso included on the distribution of rotations or mandatory stays for each academic year; the specific contents and modules in the health care function; working and rest hours; the relevance of the research activity and the publication of articles; the evaluation system and the negative practices to avoid in theperformance; and the differences between the title and care profile of a first and second degree specialist. Finally, several forms were attached to contribute to the efficient computerization of academic documents.Conclusions: The stated principles should be valued as an introduction to the topic. It is necessary that Teaching and Research board of the Ministry of Public Health would promote an updated consensus of the official curriculum of the Neurology residence in Cuba(AU)


Subject(s)
Cuba , Internship and Residency , Education, Professional , Educational Measurement , Neurology/education , Neurosciences/education
8.
Clín. investig. arterioscler. (Ed. impr.) ; 30(3): 95-101, mayo-jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-175423

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El objetivo de la presente investigación fue valorar la influencia de un programa de ejercicio físico terapéutico en el VO2máx en sujetos sedentarios que presentan factores de riesgo cardiovascular. Materiales y métodos: La muestra estuvo formada por 214 pacientes (80 varones y 134 mujeres) con una media de edad de 52 años, derivados de 2 centros de atención primaria del sureste español. Se llevó a cabo un programa de 10 semanas (3 sesiones × 1 h/sem) que combinaba fuerza muscular con resistencia cardiorrespiratoria. El nivel de VO2máx se analizó mediante el test de campo Rockport Walk Test (RWT), comparando las 2 mediciones efectuadas al inicio y final del programa. Resultados: Los resultados indican que se producen mejoras significativas sobre el VO2máx en ambos sexos (p < 0,05). El aumento más pronunciado en el VO2máx se produce en varones en la franja de edad analizada superior (56-73 años). Conclusiones: La prescripción y derivación a programas de ejercicio físico desde los centros de atención primaria se debe de valorar como recurso para la mejora del fitness cardiorrespiratorio en la población estudiada


Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of a physical exercise program on VO2max in sedentary subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. Materials and methods: The sample was composed of 214 patients (80 males, 134 females) with an average age of 52 years, who were referred to a physical exercise program from 2 primary care centres of Spanish southeast. It was implemented a 10 week program (3 training × 1 h/week) combining strength with cardiorespiratory fitness. The VO2max was analyzed through the Rockport Walk Test (RWT) comparing the pre and post program measurements. Results: The results show significant improvements on VO2max for both genders (p < 0,05). The most pronounced increase in VO2max was among males in the highest age band (56-73 years). Conclusions: Prescribing and referral exercise programs from primary care centers must be considered as a resource for improving cardiorespiratory fitness in the population studied


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Exercise/physiology , Exercise Therapy/methods , Cardiovascular Diseases/complications , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Risk Factors , Cardiovascular Diseases/physiopathology , Adult , Sedentary Behavior , Primary Health Care , Cardiorespiratory Fitness/physiology
9.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 66(2): 209-214, abr.-jun. 2018. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-956839

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: The after-school period is commonly used by schoolchildren to do physical activities; however, the level of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and caloric expenditure achieved during that period of time is unknown. Objective: To analyze the physical activity levels and the estimated caloric expenditure during the after-school period. Materials and methods: 408 schoolchildren enrolled in the Spanish education system and aged between 11 and 12 years were included in the study, of whom 205 were females (11,21±0,41) and 203 males (11,20±0,40). This is a descriptive, relational and cross-sectional study. Schoolchildren reported their physical activity by means of the Previous Day Physical Activity Recall (PDPAR) instrument. Physical activity was analyzed through the average minutes involved in MVPA (>3METs) and the caloric expenditure taken from the MET levels. Results: The results showed a higher average of MVPA (p<0.05) and caloric expenditure (p<0.001) in males than in females. Conclusions: The average MVPA minutes estimated by schoolchildren meet the recommendations of daily physical activity established by the World Health Organization (WHO). Special attention is required for the female gender and the beginning of adolescence.


Resumen Introducción. Por lo general, el periodo de ocio extraescolar es empleado por los escolares para realizar actividades físicas; sin embargo, se desconoce el nivel de actividad física de moderada a vigorosa intensidad (AFMV) y de gasto calórico registrados en ese periodo. Objetivo. Analizar los niveles de actividad física y gasto energético estimado durante el periodo de ocio extraescolar. Materiales y métodos. Participaron 408 escolares, con un rango de edad entre 11 y 12 años, siendo 205 niñas (11.21±0.41) y 203 niños (11.20±0.40) del sistema educativo español. Se siguió un diseño de tipo descriptivo relacional y de carácter transversal. Los escolares registraron la actividad física con el instrumento Previous Day Physical Activity Recall y su análisis se hizo a través del promedio de minutos realizando AFMV (>3 MET) y el gasto calórico extraído de los niveles de MET. Resultados. Se encontraron medias superiores para los hombres respecto a las mujeres, tanto en los minutos de AFMV (p<0.05) como en el gasto calórico (p<0.001) registrado. Conclusiones. El promedio de minutos de AFMV estimada por los escolares estudiados cumple con los valores diarios recomendados por la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se debe prestar especial atención al género femenino y a la entrada a la adolescencia.

10.
Clin Investig Arterioscler ; 30(3): 95-101, 2018.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29395495

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of a physical exercise program on VO2max in sedentary subjects with cardiovascular risk factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sample was composed of 214 patients (80 males, 134 females) with an average age of 52 years, who were referred to a physical exercise program from 2 primary care centres of Spanish southeast. It was implemented a 10 week program (3 training×1h/week) combining strength with cardiorespiratory fitness. TheVO2max was analyzed through the Rockport Walk Test (RWT) comparing the pre and post program measurements. RESULTS: The results show significant improvements on VO2max for both genders (p<0,05). The most pronounced increase in VO2max was among males in the highest age band (56-73 years). CONCLUSIONS: Prescribing and referral exercise programs from primary care centers must be considered as a resource for improving cardiorespiratory fitness in the population studied.


Subject(s)
Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Exercise Therapy/methods , Oxygen Consumption/physiology , Physical Fitness/physiology , Adult , Age Factors , Aged , Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology , Exercise Test/methods , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Referral and Consultation , Risk Factors , Sedentary Behavior , Sex Factors , Spain
11.
Nutr Hosp ; 34(5): 1292-1298, 2017 Sep 14.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29280642

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: The assessment of physical activity, physical fitness, and dietary quality in early ages is a physiological and public health need to contribute to the consolidation of a healthy lifestyle during adulthood. Hypotheses and objectives: Schoolchildren with a better level of physical activity have a better physical condition; schoolchildren with a higher level of physical activity have a better quality of diet; schoolchildren with a better level of physical condition have a better quality of the diet. The objective was to analyze the relationship between physical activity, physical condition and diet quality. METHODS: A cross-sectional descriptive study with 298 schoolchildren aged 8-12 years. Fitness was assessed using the ALPHA-Fitness battery and physical activity and diet quality was assessed by means of questionnaires. RESULTS: Schoolchildren with a better level of physical activity had a better level of physical fitness. The schoolchildren with a better level of physical condition showed a higher level of physical activity. Schoolchildren with a high level of physical activity and an average level of physical fitness, as well as schoolchildren with a high level of physical fitness (regardless of their level of physical activity), presented a better quality of the diet. CONCLUSION: The relationship between physical activity and physical condition is positive and bidirectional. Physical activity, fitness, and quality of diet are positively related.


Subject(s)
Diet , Exercise , Physical Fitness , Child , Cross-Sectional Studies , Diet Surveys , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Male , Spain , Students
12.
Nutr. hosp ; 34(6): 1292-1298, nov.-dic. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-168966

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la valoración desde edades tempranas de la actividad física, la condición física y la calidad de la dieta es una necesidad fisiológica y de salud pública para contribuir a la consolidación de un estilo de vida saludable durante la adultez. Hipótesis y objetivos: los escolares con un mejor nivel de actividad física poseen una mejor condición física; los escolares con un mayor nivel de actividad física tienen una mejor calidad de la dieta; los escolares con un mejor nivel de condición física tienen una mejor calidad de la dieta. El objetivo fue analizar la relación entre la actividad física, la condición física y la calidad de la dieta. Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal con 298 escolares de 8-12 años. Se valoró la condición física mediante la batería ALPHA-Fitness y la actividad física y la calidad de la dieta mediante cuestionarios. Resultados: los escolares con un mejor nivel de actividad física tuvieron un mejor nivel de condición física. Los escolares con un mejor nivel de condición física mostraron un mayor nivel de actividad física. Los escolares con un nivel alto de actividad física y medio de condición física, así como los escolares con un nivel alto de condición física (independientemente de su nivel de actividad física), presentaron una mejor calidad de la dieta. Conclusión: la relación entre la actividad física y la condición física es positiva y bidireccional. La actividad física, la condición física y la calidad de la dieta se relacionan de manera positiva (AU)


Background: The assessment of physical activity, physical fitness, and dietary quality in early ages is a physiological and public health need to contribute to the consolidation of a healthy lifestyle during adulthood. Hypotheses and objectives: Schoolchildren with a better level of physical activity have a better physical condition; schoolchildren with a higher level of physical activity have a better quality of diet; schoolchildren with a better level of physical condition have a better quality of the diet. The objective was to analyze the relationship between physical activity, physical condition and diet quality. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study with 298 schoolchildren aged 8-12 years. Fitness was assessed using the ALPHA-Fitness battery and physical activity and diet quality was assessed by means of questionnaires. Results: Schoolchildren with a better level of physical activity had a better level of physical fitness. The schoolchildren with a better level of physical condition showed a higher level of physical activity. Schoolchildren with a high level of physical activity and an average level of physical fitness, as well as schoolchildren with a high level of physical fitness (regardless of their level of physical activity), presented a better quality of the diet. Conclusion: The relationship between physical activity and physical condition is positive and bidirectional. Physical activity, fitness, and quality of diet are positively related (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Exercise/physiology , Child Nutrition , Nutritive Value/physiology , Life Style , Quality of Health Care/trends , Informed Consent , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Helsinki Declaration , Longitudinal Studies , 28599 , Food Quality Standards
13.
Rev cuba neurol neurocir ; 6(1)ene.-dic. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-76024

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Caracterizar la actividad asistencial en Neurología del convenio Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS)-Cuba en el Hospital General del IESS Babahoyo (República del Ecuador).Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de la actividad asistencial en consulta externa, emergencias y hospitalización desde abril del 2015 hasta septiembre del 2016 en el Hospital del IESS Babahoyo (Provincia Los Ríos, República del Ecuador) a través de la consulta al sistema MIS-AS/400 y de los registros de facturación del hospital.Resultados: Durante el periodo estudiado se efectuaron 5663 atenciones de Neurología. De ellas 4114 fueron realizadas en la consulta externa: 3193 primeras y 921 subsecuentes (22,4 Por ciento). La no asistencia de los pacientes a la consulta con respecto a planificado fue del 17,4 Por ciento. Los principales motivos de consulta externa fueron la cefalea (1360: 43 Por ciento), epilepsia y convulsión (507: 16 Por ciento), enfermedad de Parkinson (244: 8 Por ciento) y enfermedad cerebrovascular crónica (243: 7 Por ciento). En hospitalización y emergencias se realizaron 1549 atenciones.En dicho ámbito predomino las consultas por enfermedad cerebrovascular (553: 77 Por ciento). Las pruebas diagnósticas más indicadas fueron laresonancia magnética de cerebro (1537: 63 Por ciento), la TC de cráneo simple (405: 17 Por ciento) y la resonancia de canal espinal cervical (238: 10 Por ciento). Se facturó por procedimientos 21 493,13 USD; en consulta externa 209 173,75 USD; en hospitalización 44 560,37 USD; y en total 253 733,92 USD.Conclusiones: La actividad asistencial en Neurología tuvo un impacto positivo al mejorar la calidad y el acceso al servicio especializado reflejado en los indicadores de productividad(AU)


Objective: To characterize the care activity in Neurology of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS) -Cuba agreement at the Babahoyo IESS General Hospital (Republic of Ecuador).Methods: A descriptive study of the care activity in the outpatient clinic, emergencies and hospitalization from April 2015 to September 2016 was carried out at the IESS Babahoyo Hospital (Los Ríos Province, Republic of Ecuador) through a consultation with the MIS-AS/400 system and hospital billing records.Results: During the study period, 5663 neurological care was performed. Of these, 4114 were performed in the external consultation: 3193 first and 921 subsequent (22.4 Per cent). The non-attendance of patients to the consultation with respect to planned was 17.4 Per cent. The main reasons for external consultation were headache (1360: 43 Per cent), epilepsy and seizure (507: 16 Per cent), Parkinson's disease (244: 8 Per cent) and chronic cerebrovascular disease (243: 7 Per cent). In hospitalization and emergencies, 1549 consultations were performed. In this area, consultations for cerebrovascular disease predominated (553: 77 Per cent). The most indicated diagnostic tests were brain magnetic resonance imaging (1537: 63 Per cent), single skull CT scan (405: 17 Per cent) and cervical spine resonance (238: 10 Per cent). USD 21493.13 was invoiced throughprocedures; USD 209 173.75 in external consultation; 44 560.37 USD in hospital; and 253 733.92 USD in total.Conclusions: The Neurology care activity had a positive impact in improving the quality and access to the specialized service reflected in the productivity indicators(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Ecuador , Neurology , Medical Missions , Electronic Health Records , Nervous System Diseases , Patients/statistics & numerical data , Clinical Governance , Health Care Costs
15.
Clín. investig. arterioscler. (Ed. impr.) ; 28(1): 1-8, ene.-feb. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148440

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Analizar la relación del autoconcepto con la capacidad aeróbica y el estado de peso corporal en escolares. Material y método: Diseño descriptivo relacional donde se valoró la composición corporal y la capacidad aeróbica de 256 escolares de 8-11 años. La capacidad aeróbica (baja vs. alta) y el índice de masa corporal (normopeso vs. sobrepeso-obesidad) fueron categorizados usando criterios estándar. El autoconcepto fue evaluado mediante la escala de autoconcepto para niños de Piers Harris. Resultados: Los escolares con normopeso y nivel alto de forma física presentaron un mejor nivel de autoconcepto conductual (p = 0,030), físico (p < 0,001), falta de ansiedad (p = 0,048) y autoconcepto global (p = 0,002). Los escolares con normopeso mostraron niveles superiores de autoconcepto conductual (p = 0,016), intelectual (p = 0,050), físico (p < 0,001), satisfacción vital (p = 0,036) y autoconcepto global (p = 0,001). Los escolares con un nivel más alto de forma física presentaron un mejor autoconcepto conductual (p = 0,024), físico (p = 0,004), falta de ansiedad (p = 0,011), social (p = 0,024) y global (p = 0,003). Conclusiones: Los resultados del estudio refuerzan la importancia de difundir entre la comunidad educativa el conocimiento de las relaciones entre las variables analizadas con la finalidad de mejorar el autoconcepto de los escolares


Objetives: To analyze the relationship between self-concept, aerobic capacity and weight status in schoolchildren. Material and method: Relational descriptive design in which was assessed the weight status and aerobic capacity of 256 schoolchildren among 8-11 years. Aerobic capacity (low vs high) and the body mass index (normal-weight vs overweight-obesity) were categorized using standard criteria. The self-concept was assessed through the Piers Harris self-concept scale for children. Results: Schoolchildren with normal-weight and high fitness level showed better levels of conductual self-concept (P = .030), physical (P < .001), lack of anxiety (P = .048), and global self-concept (P = .002). The schoolchildren with normal-weight show higher levels of conductual self-concpt (P = .016), intellectual (P = .050), physical (P < .001), life satisfaction (P = .036), and global self-concept (P = .001). The schoolchildren with a higher fitness level showed better conductual self-concept (P = .024), physical (P = .004), lack of anxiety (P = .011), social (P = .024), and global (P = .003). Conclusions: The results of the study strengthen the importance to transmit to the educative community the knowledge of the relationship between the variables analyzed aiming to improve the schoolchildren self-concept


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Physical Conditioning, Human/physiology , Exercise/physiology , Self Concept , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Body Weights and Measures/statistics & numerical data , Body Image/psychology , Body Composition , Cross-Sectional Studies
16.
Clin Investig Arterioscler ; 28(1): 1-8, 2016.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26614008

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVES: To analyze the relationship between self-concept, aerobic capacity and weight status in schoolchildren. MATERIAL AND METHOD: Relational descriptive design in which was assessed the weight status and aerobic capacity of 256 schoolchildren among 8-11 years. Aerobic capacity (low vs high) and the body mass index (normal-weight vs overweight-obesity) were categorized using standard criteria. The self-concept was assessed through the Piers Harris self-concept scale for children. RESULTS: Schoolchildren with normal-weight and high fitness level showed better levels of conductual self-concept (P=.030), physical (P<.001), lack of anxiety (P=.048), and global self-concept (P=.002). The schoolchildren with normal-weight show higher levels of conductual self-concpt (P=.016), intellectual (P=.050), physical (P<.001), life satisfaction (P=.036), and global self-concept (P=.001). The schoolchildren with a higher fitness level showed better conductual self-concept (P=.024), physical (P=.004), lack of anxiety (P=.011), social (P=.024), and global (P=.003). CONCLUSIONS: The results of the study strengthen the importance to transmit to the educative community the knowledge of the relationship between the variables analyzed aiming to improve the schoolchildren self-concept.


Subject(s)
Body Weight , Exercise Tolerance/physiology , Self Concept , Anxiety/epidemiology , Body Mass Index , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Obesity/epidemiology , Overweight/epidemiology , Physical Fitness/physiology
17.
Salud Colect ; 11(4): 565-73, 2015 Dec.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26676598

ABSTRACT

This study looks at the relationship between tobacco consumption and the physical activity and fitness levels of adolescents. In a sample of 533 adolescents, both a questionnaire to obtain information regarding tobacco consumption and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for information on physical activity were implemented; a battery of tests to assess physical fitness were also applied. Tobacco consumption was significantly higher in females (32.5%) than in males (25.7%). Levels of physical activity in both males and females were significantly associated with tobacco consumption (p<0.0005). Moreover, subjects who consumed tobacco showed lower overall averages in physical fitness tests than those who did not (4.26 vs. 5.77 in males and 4.54 vs. 6.71 in females). Tobacco consumption is therefore shown to be related to lower levels of physical activity and physical fitness in adolescents.


Subject(s)
Adolescent Behavior , Exercise , Physical Fitness , Tobacco Use/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adolescent Behavior/physiology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Male , Spain/epidemiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Tobacco Use/physiopathology , Tobacco Use/psychology
18.
Salud colect ; 11(4): 565-573, oct.-dic. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-770736

ABSTRACT

El presente estudio investiga la relación del consumo de tabaco con los niveles de actividad física y condición física. Sobre una muestra de 533 adolescentes de la Región de Murcia (España), se aplicó un cuestionario para la obtención de datos relativos al consumo de tabaco, el International Physical Activity Questionnaire para conocer la actividad física y una batería de test para evaluar la condición física. El consumo de tabaco fue significativamente mayor en las mujeres (32,5%) que en los varones (25,7%). Tanto en varones como en mujeres, los niveles de actividad física se relacionaban de forma significativa con el consumo de tabaco (p<0,0005). De igual modo, en los test de condición física, los sujetos que consumían mostraban medias globales inferiores (4,26 varones y 4,54 mujeres) a las de aquellos que no consumían (5,77 varones y 6,71 mujeres). El consumo de tabaco se muestra relacionado con un menor nivel de actividad física y condición física en los adolescentes.


This study looks at the relationship between tobacco consumption and the physical activity and fitness levels of adolescents. In a sample of 533 adolescents, both a questionnaire to obtain information regarding tobacco consumption and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire for information on physical activity were implemented; a battery of tests to assess physical fitness were also applied. Tobacco consumption was significantly higher in females (32.5%) than in males (25.7%). Levels of physical activity in both males and females were significantly associated with tobacco consumption (p<0.0005). Moreover, subjects who consumed tobacco showed lower overall averages in physical fitness tests than those who did not (4.26 vs. 5.77 in males and 4.54 vs. 6.71 in females). Tobacco consumption is therefore shown to be related to lower levels of physical activity and physical fitness in adolescents.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Exercise , Physical Fitness , Adolescent Behavior/physiology , Adolescent Behavior/psychology , Tobacco Use/epidemiology , Spain/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and Questionnaires , Health Surveys , Tobacco Use/physiopathology , Tobacco Use/psychology
19.
Rev cuba neurol neurocir ; 5(2)jul. 2015. tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-76214

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Proponer unas guías prácticas basadas en la mejor evidencia científica y clínica disponible para el manejo diagnóstico y eltratamiento médico del paciente con epilepsia.Desarrollo: En una primera parte se hace un análisis de las definiciones de crisis epiléptica y de epilepsia formuladas por la Liga Internacional Contra la Epilepsia (ILAE). Varios elementos de la definición de epilepsia más reciente resultan polémicos y otros constituyen un paso de avance con respecto a las concepciones originales. Se revisan los criterios con respecto a: 1) La epilepsia considerada como enfermedad, 2) La distinción de las crisis epilépticas “no provocadas” y reflejas, 3) La valoración del riesgo de recurrencia de las crisis epilépticas, y 4) Las implicaciones prácticas del término epilepsia “resuelta”. En la segunda parte se aborda el manejo medico especializado de los pacientes con epilepsia, específicamente la organización de la consulta especializada, las ocho medidas de calidad o estándares para el manejo señaladas por la Academia Americana de Neurología, y las recomendaciones sobre el régimen de vida e integración social y los principios de la terapéutica con los fármacos antiepilépticos orales. En este último acápite se incluyen lasrecomendaciones para la selección del fármaco antiepiléptico oral según el tipo de crisis epiléptica y las características del paciente. Al final se valoran determinadas características farmacológicas de los fármacos antiepilépticos disponibles y otros que han sido incorporados en los últimos años.Conclusiones: El diagnóstico y tratamiento médico de la epilepsia en la práctica clínica debe de considerar las recientes publicaciones sobre el tema y las diferentes perspectivas aportadas por los expertos. Al final, el manejo óptimo de esta enfermedad debe de lograrse a través de la discusión formal de las opciones disponibles entre el médico de asistencia y el paciente o sus cuidadores(AU)


Objective: To propose practical guidelines based on the best scientific and clinical evidence available for handling diagnostic and medicaltreatment of the patient with epilepsy.Development: The first part is an analysis of seizures and epilepsy definitions formulated by the International League Against Epilepsy(ILAE). Several elements of newer epilepsy definition are controversial and others constitute a step forward with respect to original concepts. A criteria review was made regarding: 1) Epilepsy considered as a disease, 2) Distinction of "unprovoked" and reflex seizure, 3)Assessment of recurrence risk of seizures, and 4) Practical implications of "resolved" epilepsy term. The second part deals with thespecialized medical management of patients with epilepsy, specifically organization of specialized consultation, eight measures of quality or standards for management recognized by American Academy of Neurology, and recommendations about life regime and social integration,and principles of therapy with oral antiepileptic drugs. This last section includes recommendations for the selection of oral antiepileptic drugaccording to seizure type and patient characteristics. Finally, are valued certain pharmacological characteristics of available antiepileptic drugs and others that have been incorporated in recent years.Conclusions: The diagnosis and medical treatment of epilepsy in clinical practice should be based in recent publications about the subject and different perspectives provided by experts. Ultimately, the optimal management of this disease must be achieved through the formal discussion of options between the attending physician and the patient or their caregivers(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Child , Adolescent , Aged , Epilepsy/diagnosis , Epilepsy/drug therapy , Epilepsy/etiology , Epilepsy/surgery , Seizures, Febrile/complications , Anticonvulsants/administration & dosage , Anticonvulsants/adverse effects , Anticonvulsants/therapeutic use , Midazolam/administration & dosage , Midazolam/therapeutic use , Diazepam/administration & dosage , Diazepam/therapeutic use , Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/therapeutic use , Folic Acid/administration & dosage , Folic Acid/therapeutic use , Quality of Life , Drug Resistance , Practice Guidelines as Topic
20.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(3): 198-204, jun. 2015. graf
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-134134

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Adaptar a ciertos patrones culturales y al idioma español el cuestionario Previous Day Physical Activity Recall y evaluar su validez de contenido, aceptabilidad y fiabilidad. Método. El cuestionario Previous Day Physical Activity Recall fue sometido a un proceso de traducción directa, traducción inversa y un pretest final. Los jueces evaluaron sus equivalencias semánticas, idiomáticas y conceptuales. Se realizó un pretest a la versión preliminar. Posteriormente, un análisis de fiabilidad a través de un test-retest. La proporción de acuerdo en el comité de jueces fue evaluada empleando el índice de validez de contenido y la media de las puntuaciones de los jueces. La aceptabilidad, a través del número de cuestionarios con respuestas incompatibles. La fiabilidad fue evaluada a través del criterio de estabilidad. Resultados. La versión traducida del cuestionario alcanzó equivalencias semánticas, idiomáticas y conceptuales apropiadas con un alto índice de validez de contenido en todos los documentos evaluados. Los 32 escolares que realizaron el pretest emplearon una media de 18 min. para completarlo; fueron 6 los sujetos que respondieron, al menos, 1 respuesta incompatible; tan solo fue desechado un cuestionario (más de 4 incompatibles). El análisis test-retest, realizado con 73 escolares, mostró un coeficiente de correlación intraclase de 0,99 en lo referido a los equivalentes metabólicos totales y de 0,98 y 0,97 para los bloques de actividad física moderada y vigorosa, respectivamente. Conclusiones. La adaptación a ciertos patrones culturales e idioma español del cuestionario Previous Day Physical Activity Recall mostró resultados satisfactorios en todos los ámbitos analizados.(AU)


Objective. To adapt to certain cultural patterns and to localize into Spanish the Previous Day Physical Activity Recall questionnaire and to evaluate its content, acceptability and reliability. Method. The Previous Day Physical Activity Recall questionnaire was subjected to a process of direct translation, back translation and final pretesting. Judges assessed their semantic, idiomatic and conceptual equivalences. A preliminary version was pretested. Afterwards, a reliability analysis was made through a testretesting. According to the committee of judges the rate of agreement was determined using the content validity index and the mean of the judges scores. Acceptability, through the number of questionnaires with mismatching answers. Reliability was assessed by the stability criterion. Results. The translatedversionofthe questionnaire reached appropriate semantic, idiomatic and conceptual equivalences with a high content validity index in all the evaluated documents. The 32 schoolchildren that did the pretest employed a mean time of 18 minutes to complete it; 6 subjects replied, at least, 1 mismatched answer; only one questionnaire was discarded (more than 4 mismatch answers). The test-retesting analysis, conducted with 73 school children, showed an intra class correlation coefficient of 0.99 regarding the total metabolic equivalents and of 0.98 and 0.97 for the moderate and vigorous physical activity blocks, respectively. Conclusions. The adaptation to certain cultural patterns and the localization into the Spanish language of the Previous Day Physical Activity Recall questionnaire showed successful results in each of the studied settings.(AU)

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