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1.
Rev. toxicol ; 37(1): 3-5, 2020. tab
Article in English | IBECS | ID: ibc-194437

ABSTRACT

Previous work revealed that the levels of cluster in in biological fluids are associated with loss of control over eating and with the duration and intensity of tobacco use in humans. In non-human primates, chronic cocaine upregulates clusterin gene expression in the nucleus accumbens, a key area in addiction. All these findings have led to suggest that clusterin could be associated with the presence of different kind of addictive behaviours. In this work possible associations between clusterin gene polymorphisms and drug use disorder were studied. Forty-four selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the clusterin gene were studied in DNA samples from 499 subjects diagnosed of substance use disorder (addicted to alcohol, cocaine or both) and 500 control subjects. Genotyping was performed by using a multiplexing assay and data were analysed with logistic regression. Four SNPs(rs867231, rs867232, rs9331896 and rs11787077) were found significantly associated with the presence of substance use disorder. These associations further extend the hypothesis that clusterin could be a relevant protein in addiction


Estudios previos han encontrado una asociación entre los niveles de clusterina en fluidos biológicos y la pérdida de control sobre la ingesta, así como entre dichos niveles y la duración e intensidad del consumo de tabaco. Por otra parte, la administración crónica de cocaína a primates no humanos incrementa la expresión del gen de clusterina en el Núcleo Accumbens, una región cerebral clave en las adicciones. Estos antecedentes sugieren que la clusterina podría estar implicada en distintos tipos de trastornos adictivos. En este trabajo se han estudiado posibles asociaciones entre polimorfismos de un solo nucleótido (single nucleotide polymorphisms, SNP) del gen de clusterina y trastornos por consumo de sustancias (TCS). Se genotiparon 44 SNP en muestras de ADN procedentes de 499 sujetos diagnosticados de TCS (adictos al alcohol, cocaína o ambas drogas) y 500 sujetos control. Para la secuenciación y el genotipado se utilizó la plataforma Sequenom y el análisis estadístico de los resultados se realizó mediante regresión logística. Se detectó una asociación significativa entre 4 SNP (rs867231, rs867232, rs9331896 y rs11787077) y la presencia de TCS. Estos resultados apoyan la hipótesis de que clusterina es una proteína relevante en las adicciones


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Substance-Related Disorders/genetics , Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide/genetics , Polymorphism, Genetic/genetics , Clusterin/genetics , Case-Control Studies , Genotype
4.
Rev. clín. esp. (Ed. impr.) ; 218(3): 121-127, abr. 2018. tab, ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-174241

ABSTRACT

Introducción y objetivos. El Trabecular Bone Score (TBS) es una técnica de imagen que evalúa el estado de la microarquitectura trabecular. Resultados preliminares sugieren que, junto a la valoración de la densidad mineral ósea, podría mejorar la estimación del riesgo de fractura ostoporótica. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los valores de TBS y su relación con las características clínicas, densidad mineral ósea y antecedentes de fracturas en una cohorte de mujeres posmenopáusicas. Material y métodos. Analizamos 2.257 mujeres posmenopáusicas procedentes de la cohorte FRODOS, constituida para determinar los factores de riesgo de fractura osteoporótica mediante una encuesta clínica y densitometría ósea con morfometría vertebral. Se aplicó el TBS a las imágenes densitométricas. Valores de TBS ≤1,230 se consideraron indicativos de microarquitectura degradada. Se realizó una regresión lineal simple y múltiple para determinar los factores asociados con este índice. Resultados. El valor medio de TBS en L1-L4 fue de 1,203±0,121. El 55,3% de las mujeres presentaban valores de microarquitectura degradada. En el análisis de regresión lineal múltiple los factores asociados a los valores bajos de TBS fueron la edad, el peso, la altura, escala T de columna lumbar, tratamiento con glucocorticoides, presencia de diabetes tipo 2 y antecedentes de fractura por fragilidad. Conclusiones. El TBS mostró valores de microarquitectura degradada en las participantes de la cohorte FRODOS y se asoció a factores antropométricos, valor bajo de densidad mineral ósea, presencia de fracturas, antecedentes de diabetes mellitus tipo 2 y uso de glucocorticoides


Introduction and objectives. The trabecular bone score (TBS) is an imaging technique that assesses the condition of the trabecular microarchitecture. Preliminary results suggest that TBS, along with the bone mineral density assessment, could improve the calculation of the osteoporotic fracture risk. The aim of this study was to analyse TBS values and their relationship with the clinical characteristics, bone mineral density and history of fractures of a cohort of posmenopausal women. Material and methods. We analysed 2,257 posmenopausal women from the FRODOS cohort, which was created to determine the risk factors for osteoporotic fracture through a clinical survey and bone densitometry with vertebral morphometry. TBS was applied to the densitometry images. TBS values ≤1230 were considered indicative of degraded microarchitecture. We performed a simple and multiple linear regression to determine the factors associated with this index. Results. The mean TBS value in L1-L4 was 1.203±0.121. Some 55.3% of the women showed values indicating degraded microarchitecture. In the multiple linear regression analysis, the factors associated with low TBS values were age, weight, height, spinal T-score, glucocorticoid treatment, presence of type 2 diabetes and a history of fractures due to frailty. Conclusions. TBS showed microarchitecture degradation values in the participants of the FRODOS cohort and was associated with anthropometric factors, low bone mineral density values, the presence of fractures, a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus and the use of glucocorticoids


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Aged , Osteoporotic Fractures/diagnostic imaging , Osteoporotic Fractures/epidemiology , Risk Factors , Bone Density/radiation effects , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use , Absorptiometry, Photon/methods , Postmenopause , Densitometry/methods , Linear Models , Osteogenesis Imperfecta/diagnostic imaging , Anthropometry/methods , Analysis of Variance , Osteoporosis/diagnostic imaging
5.
Angiología ; 69(4): 242-249, jul.-ago. 2017. graf, tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-164441

ABSTRACT

La anemia es una entidad clínica que se detecta frecuentemente en la evaluación preoperatoria, especialmente en pacientes de edad avanzada. Se asocia a un aumento de la morbimortalidad perioperatoria, así como a una mayor probabilidad de transfusión de sangre alogénica (TSA), con los riesgos que ello implica. Aunque la anemia puede ser multifactorial y difícil de tipificar en algunos casos, sus causas más frecuentes son las deficiencias nutricionales (hierro, ácido fólico y vitamina B12) y la anemia por enfermedad crónica o anemia inflamatoria. En el paciente candidato a cirugía vascular arterial la prevalencia de anemia preoperatoria se sitúa alrededor del 50%. Además, uno de cada 3 pacientes presenta anemia en los 3 meses previos a la cirugía. El estado inflamatorio, inherente al proceso crónico vascular, y las pérdidas sanguíneas quirúrgicas favorecen la predisposición a padecer anemia. La anemia, como factor de mal pronóstico perioperatorio, exige su diagnóstico y tratamiento. Se proponen algoritmos para el manejo de la anemia, diferenciando la cirugía programada de la urgente. Se destaca la administración preferente de hierro por vía intravenosa en los períodos preoperatorio y postoperatorio precoz (AU)


Anaemia is a clinical condition that is frequently detected in the pre-operative evaluation, particularly in elderly patients. Anaemia is associated with increased peri-operative morbidity and mortality, as well as a greater likelihood of allogeneic blood transfusion, along with the risks involved. Although anaemia can be due to many factors and difficult to establish in some cases, its most common causes are nutritional deficiencies (iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12) and anaemia of chronic inflammatory disease. In patient candidates for arterial vascular surgery, preoperative anaemia prevalence is around 50%. In addition, one out of three patients has anaemia in the 3 months prior to surgery. The inflammatory condition, inherent to chronic vascular processes, and surgical blood loss favours the predisposition to anaemia. Anaemia, as factor of poor peri-operative prognosis, requires diagnosis and treatment. Algorithms are proposed for managing the anaemia, differentiating scheduled from urgent surgery. The administration of IV iron should be in the preoperative and early postoperative periods (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Anemia/complications , Vascular Surgical Procedures , Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control , Intraoperative Complications/prevention & control , Blood Transfusion , Risk Factors , Erythropoiesis , 16595/drug therapy
6.
Angiología ; 68(5): 396-404, sept.-oct. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-155986

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: La anemia es muy frecuente en los pacientes sometidos a cirugía vascular y puede influir en los resultados postoperatorios. OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la prevalencia de anemia en los pacientes intervenidos de cirugía arterial aortoilíaca e infrainguinal. Analizar la influencia de la anemia en la aparición de complicaciones postoperatorias. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se ha realizado un estudio retrospectivo, transversal y multicéntrico en 12 unidades de cirugía vascular. Se han registrado las cifras de hemoglobina de todos los pacientes que han sido intervenidos de forma consecutiva durante 2 meses. Además se han registrado los factores de riesgo de arteriosclerosis habituales y las complicaciones postoperatorias hasta 30 días de la cirugía. RESULTADOS: Se han registrado 530 pacientes. La tasa global de anemia ha sido del 53,8%, siendo del 50,8% en hombres y del 62,2% en mujeres. El 66,9% de los pacientes con isquemia crónica crítica tiene anemia. Los anémicos son mayores que los no anémicos y son más frecuentemente hipertensos, diabéticos, tienen más insuficiencia cardiaca y renal, y presentan unas cifras más elevadas de proteína C reactiva. Además también presentan anemia previa (hasta 3 meses) con más frecuencia, tienen una mayor estancia hospitalaria (10,4 vs. 7,0) y reciben más transfusiones. Los anémicos no presentan más complicaciones ostoperatorias pero en el análisis multivariante la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y la anemia en los 3 meses anteriores son factores predictores de complicaciones. CONCLUSIONES: La prevalencia de anemia en los pacientes con arteriopatía periférica severa es muy elevada. Los pacientes anémicos en el preoperatorio se transfunden 3 veces más y tiene una estancia hospitalaria más larga que los no anémicos. La anemia en los 3 meses anteriores a la cirugía es un factor predictor de complicaciones postoperatorias


INTRODUCTION: Anaemia is very common in patients subjected to vascular surgery and can influence the post-operative outcome. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the prevalence of anaemia in patients undergoing aortoiliac and infra-inguinal vascular surgery. To analyse the influence of the anaemia on the presentation of post-operative complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A retrospective, cross-sectional, multicentre study was conducted in 12 vascular surgery units. The haemoglobin levels were recorded on all patients that had been consecutively intervened over a period of 2 months. The usual arteriosclerosis risk factors were recorded, as well as the post-operative complications up to 30 days from the surgery. RESULTS: A total of 530 patients were included. The overall rate of anaemia was 53.8%, with 50.8% in males and 62.2% in females. More than two-thirds (66.9%) of patients with chronic critical ischaemia had anaemia. There were more anaemic patients than non-anaemic ones, and they more frequently have hypertension and diabetes. They also present with more cardiac and renal failure, and have a more elevated C-reactive protein levels. They also have previous anaemia (up to 3 months) more often, have a longer hospital stay (10.4 vs. 7.0), and receive more transfusions. They do not have more post-operative complications, but chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and anaemia in the previous 3 months are predictive factors of complications. CONCLUSIONS: Anaemia prevalence id very high in patients with severe peripheral arterial disease. Patients that are anaemic in the pre-operative period are transfused three times more and have a longer hospital stay than non-anaemic patients. Anaemia in the 3 months before the surgery is a predictive factor for post-operative complications


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anemia/epidemiology , Vascular Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Postoperative Complications , Peripheral Arterial Disease/complications , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Spain
7.
Radiología (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 58(3): 221-224, mayo-jun. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-152817

ABSTRACT

Hemos realizado un estudio tipo CAT (Critically Appraised Topic) en el que nos planteábamos si existe evidencia científica relevante para aconsejar la realización previa de una exploración de resonancia magnética multiparamétrica de próstata a todos los pacientes candidatos a biopsia prostática con el fin de mejorar la detección del cáncer de próstata clínicamente significativo y la estratificación de pacientes candidatos a vigilancia activa o tratamiento. Tras una búsqueda bibliográfica reglada y el análisis de los dos artículos más relevantes encontrados sobre el tema, llegamos a la conclusión de que, a pesar de que hay resultados prometedores que apuntan a una potencial utilidad de este planteamiento, no existe todavía evidencia científica clara que lo avale categóricamente. Son necesarios estudios prospectivos aleatorizados multicéntricos amplios y bien diseñados, con criterios ampliamente consensuados, para llegar a una evidencia firme que sustente dicha recomendación (AU)


We carried out a critically appraised topic (CAT)-type study to determine whether the relevant scientific evidence supports the recommendation of doing a multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging study of the prostate in all patients who are candidates for prostate biopsy with the aim of improving the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer and stratifying patients to receive active surveillance or treatment. After a formal literature search and an analysis of the two most relevant articles it found, we reached the conclusion that, despite promising results that point to the potential usefulness of this approach, there is still not enough clear scientific evidence to endorse it categorically. Before this approach can be endorsed, we need evidence from well-designed prospective randomized trials using widely agreed upon criteria and including large numbers of patients at multiple center (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Biopsy/methods , Biopsy , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/instrumentation , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy/instrumentation , Evidence-Based Medicine/methods , Evidence-Based Medicine/standards , Prostatic Neoplasms/surgery , Prostatic Neoplasms , Sensitivity and Specificity , Spectrum Analysis/methods , Image-Guided Biopsy/instrumentation , Image-Guided Biopsy/methods , Biopsy/trends , Image-Guided Biopsy
8.
Angiología ; 68(2): 117-122, mar.-abr. 2016. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-148297

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: En todo proceso diagnóstico y terapéutico, y más en tiempo de importantes recortes sanitarios, es imprescindible buscar la máxima eficiencia. El método LEAN intenta optimizar todo proceso productivo y proponemos su aplicación para el estudio ecográfico venoso de extremidades inferiores. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Se incluyó a pacientes con sintomatología de insuficiencia venosa, varices visibles y sin intervenciones previas ni afectación profunda y se les realizó un eco-Doppler estandarizado según normas del CDVNI. Se valoraron el punto de fuga, el recorrido, el punto de reentrada y el sistema venoso profundo. Se determinaron los puntos mínimos de estudio ecográfico (puntos LEAN) necesarios para una correcta evaluación diagnóstica y se construyó un algoritmo de decisión eficiente. RESULTADOS: Entre los años 2007-2012 se realizó un estudio transversal de 984 ecografías venosas de extremidad inferior. El 96% de los pacientes presentaron un punto de fuga y recorrido correctamente determinados al insonar ingle (LEAN-1) y hueco poplíteo (LEAN-2) y, de estos, un 3,6% presentaban un segundo punto de fuga, no detectado en estas localizaciones. Un 4,2% de los pacientes no presentó ningún punto de fuga en LEAN-1 o LEAN-2, tratándose de perforantes en muslo (50%), pierna (30%) y Hunter (20%). CONCLUSIONES: La exclusiva insonación de los puntos LEAN-1 y LEAN-2 nos permiten realizar un diagnóstico certero y suficiente en el 92,4% de los pacientes, optimizando de esta manera el tiempo y el coste de la exploración. Siguiendo el algoritmo propuesto, solo un 4,2% de los pacientes precisará una exploración venosa completa


INTRODUCTION: It is essential to look for maximal efficiency in all diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and especially in times of health budget cuts. The LEAN method tries to optimise all production procedures, and its application is proposed in the lower limb venous duplex ultrasound study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients suffering from venous insufficiency (VI), external varicose veins, and without previous venous surgery or deep vein thrombosis were included and a duplex ultrasound evaluation was performed according to the recommendations for non-invasive vascular diagnosis. Deep venous system, shunt type, trajectory and drainage were evaluated. The minimum number of ultrasound evaluation points needed for a correct diagnosis was determined (LEAN points), and an efficient decision-making algorithm was developed. RESULTS: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted on 984 lower limb venous ultrasound evaluations performed between 2007 and 2012. Almost all (96%) patients had a shunt and trajectory correctly evaluated by groin ultrasound evaluation (LEAN-1), and popliteal area ultrasound evaluation (LEAN-2). Only 3.6% of these patients showed a secondary shunt that was not located in LEAN points. Another 4.2% of patients did not show any shunt in LEAN-1 or LEAN-2, being due to thigh perforating veins (50%), leg perforating veins (30%), or Hunter perforating veins (20%). CONCLUSIONS: The duplex ultrasound evaluation of LEAN-1 and LEAN-2 points allows us to reach a complete diagnosis for VI in 92.4% of patients, thus reducing evaluation time and costs. According to the proposed algorithm, only 4.2% of patients would need a complete venous ultrasound evaluation to reach the correct diagnosis


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Venous Insufficiency , Varicose Veins , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex/instrumentation , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex/methods , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex , Lower Extremity/pathology , Lower Extremity , Cross-Sectional Studies/methods , Cross-Sectional Studies/trends , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex/standards , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex/trends , Hemodynamics/radiation effects
11.
Angiología ; 58(6): 431-436, nov.-dic. 2006. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049290

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Realizar una revisión de la literatura referente al tratamiento de la ruptura de la aorta torácica de etiología no traumática y la valoración de los resultados del tratamiento endovascular. Desarrollo. La ruptura de la aorta, independientemente de su localización, es una patología extremadamente grave. La ruptura aórtica se asocia con el hematoma mediastínico, el hemotórax y la fístula aortobronquial o aortoesofágica. La cirugía abierta continúa teniendo una mortalidad significativamente elevada y posiblemente no asumible, por lo que la conducta actual, cuando las condiciones anatómicas lo permiten, suele ser decantarse por el tratamiento endovascular; sin embargo, el beneficio de el tratamiento endovascular urgente permanece incierto. Las endoprótesis aórticas se han usado para tratar los aneurismas de aorta torácica en pacientes de alto riesgo, incluidos aquellos que presentaban una fístula aortobronquial o aortoesofágica. Conclusiones. Si no se trata, la ruptura de la aorta torácica es una situación mortal, los resultados de la cirugía abierta son desalentadores y la morbilidad de los supervivientes elevada. A pesar de que la terapia endovascular consigue una reducción significativa de la morbimortalidad, la información actual se basa en series cortas o casos aislados, por lo que es necesario completar los registros actuales para poder confirmar las expectativas generadas


Aim. To review the literature concerning the treatment of rupture of the thoracic aorta due to non-traumatic causes and to evaluate the outcomes of endovascular treatment. Development. Rupture of the aorta, regardless of where it happens, is an extremely severe condition. Aortic rupture is associated with mediastinal haematoma, haemothorax and aortobronchial or aortoesophageal fistula. Open surgery continues to have a significantly, and possibly unacceptably, high mortality rate and therefore the current behaviour (anatomical conditions allowing) is usually to opt for endovascular treatment. The benefits of urgent endovascular treatment, however, remain uncertain. Aortic stents have been used to treat thoracic aortic aneurysms in high risk patients, including those who have an aortobronchial or an aortoesophageal fistula. Conclusions. If left untreated, rupture of the thoracic aorta is a fatal situation, outcomes of open surgery are disappointing and morbidity among survivors is high. Despite the fact that endovascular therapy achieves a significant reduction in morbidity and mortality rates, the information currently available is based on short series or isolated cases, and therefore present records must be completed in order to confirm the expectations that have been generated


Subject(s)
Aortic Rupture/diagnosis , Aortic Rupture/etiology , Aortic Rupture/therapy , Aortic Aneurysm/diagnosis , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Fistula/therapy , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Vascular Fistula/diagnosis , Vascular Fistula/therapy
13.
Prog. obstet. ginecol. (Ed. impr.) ; 48(5): 247-257, mayo 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-036886

ABSTRACT

Objetivos: Conocer la atención al cáncer de cérvix en España mediante una encuesta retrospectiva sobre casos de 1995 realizada por la Sección de Ginecología Oncológica y Patología Mamaria de la SEGO. Sujetos y métodos: Contestaron a la encuesta 45 hospitales que informaron de 633 casos. El número de casos por hospital osciló entre 1 y 40, siendo la mediana de 11. Pudieron procesarse 578 fichas. Resultados: La edad media de las pacientes fue de 51,2 años. El 49,3% de los casos se diagnosticó en estadio I; el 27,5% en estadio II; el 16,2% en estadio III, y el 4,6% en estadio IV. El tratamiento más empleado fue quirúrgico, mediante la intervención de Wertheim. La supervivencia a los 5 años fue del 56,4%. Conclusiones: Los factores pronósticos identificados en la evolución del cáncer de cérvix fueron el estado ganglionar, la invasión parametrial, la afección del espacio linfovascular y el tipo histológico


Objectives: To ascertain the diagnosis, treatment and outcomes of cervical carcinomas in Spain through a retrospective survey of cases diagnosed in 1995 carried out by the Oncological Gynecology and Breast Disease Section of the Spanish Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (SEGO). Subjects and methods: Forty-five hospitals responded, providing information on 633 patients with cervical carcinoma diagnosed in 1995. The number of cases per hospital ranged between one and 40, with a median of 11. A total of 578 forms were included. Results: The mean age at diagnosis was 51.2 years. A total of 49.3% of carcinomas were in stage I, 27.5% were in stage II, 16.2% were in stage III, and 4.6% were in stage IV. The most commonly used treatment was surgery (Wertheim’s intervention). Gross 5-year survival was 56.4%. Conclusions: The prognostic factors identified were affected lymph nodes, parametrial and lymphovascular invasion, and histological subtypes


Subject(s)
Female , Child , Adult , Aged , Adolescent , Middle Aged , Humans , Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/epidemiology , Health Surveys , Neoplasm Invasiveness , Prognosis , Multicenter Studies as Topic , Spain/epidemiology , Survival Analysis
14.
Rev. esp. med. nucl. (Ed. impr.) ; 24(1): 5-13, ene. 2005. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-039734

ABSTRACT

El objetivo de estudio fue valorar el papel de la tomografía por emisión de positrones con 18F-fluordeoxiglucosa (PET-FDG) en los pacientes con cáncer diferenciado de tiroides, niveles de tiroglobulina sérica (hTg) elevados y rastreo de cuerpo completo con radioyodo negativo (RCC). Material y métodos: Se estudiaron con PET-FDG 54 pacientes (37 mujeres y 17 hombres) con edades comprendidas entre los 17 y los 88 años, 45 con carcinomas papilares y 9 con foliculares de tiroides con sospecha de recurrencia/metástasis de su enfermedad por elevación de los niveles de hTg (hTg > 2 ngr/ml) en presencia de valores estimulantes de la TSH (≥ 30 μIU/ml) y en los que el RCC era negativo. Los RCC se realizaron con dosis diagnósticas (185 MBq). Las PET-FDG se efectuaron tras la administración i.v. en ayunas de 370 MBq de FDG hallándose el paciente bajo su tratamiento hormonal sustitutivo habitual. Previamente a la realización de la PET-FDG, 14 pacientes habían sido estudiados por gammagrafía con 99mTc-metoxi-isobutiril-isonitrilo (MIBI), mientras que a 26 se les había realizado tomografía computerizada (TC). Resultados: Un total de 25 de los 54 PET-FDG mostraron focos patológicos de captación del trazador (46,29 %). Se observó asociación significativa entre la positividad de la PET y los niveles de hTg mayores de 10 ng/ml en el momento de esta exploración (en tratamiento sustitutivo). La gammagrafía con 99mTc-MIBI era positiva en 7 de los 14 pacientes a los que se les realizó, y esta positividad fue congruente con la PET-FDG en 4/7. Todas las lesiones detectadas por la TC fueron visualizadas en la PET-FDG, mientras que 12 de los 21 pacientes con TC negativa tenían evidencia de recurrencia de la enfermedad detectada por la PET-FDG. Conclusiones: Nuestros resultados sugieren que la PET-FDG sería una técnica de gran utilidad en el seguimiento de los pacientes diagnosticados de carcinoma diferenciado de tiroides con niveles de hTg elevados y RCC negativos. Su utilidad sería superior si los valores de hTg fuesen mayores de 10 ng/ml


This study aimed to evaluate the role of Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET-FDG) in patients with elevated serum thyroglobulin (hTg) levels where thyroid cancer tissue does not concentrate radioiodine, rendering false-negative results on I-131 scanning. Material and methods: Whole-body PET imaging using FDG was performed in 54 patients (37 female, 17 male) aged 17-88 years: 45 with papillary tumors and 9 with follicular tumors who were suspected of having recurrent thyroid carcinoma due to elevated thyroglobulin levels (hTg > 2 ng/ml) under thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH ≥ 30 μIU/ml) in whom the iodine scan was negative. All whole body scans were obtained with diagnostic doses (185 MBq). Whole body PET imaging was performed in fasting patients following i.v. administration of 370 MBq FDG while the patients were receiving full thyroid hormone replacement. Before PET, 99mTc methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintigraphy (99mTc-MIBI) was done in 14 patients and morphologic imaging in 26 by CT scan. Results: Positive PET results confirmed the presence of hypermetabolic foci in 25/54 patients (46.29 %). Positive findings were found for PET-FDG in patients with hTg levels higher than 10 ng/ml receiving full thyroid hormone replacement. 99mTc-MIBI demonstrated lesions in 7/14 patients (50 %). PET-FDG and 99mTc-MIBI had congruent positive results in 4/7 patients. All the lesions found by CT were detected by PET-FDG, while recurrent disease was found in 12/21 patients with previous negative CT. Conclusions: These results suggest that PET-FDG seems to be a promising tool in the follow-up of thyroid cancer and should be considered in patients suffering from differentiated thyroid cancer with suspected recurrence and/or metastases by elevated thyroglobulin levels, and negative I-131 whole body scans. PET-FDG might be more useful at hTg levels > 10 ng/mlThis study aimed to evaluate the role of Fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (PET-FDG) in patients with elevated serum thyroglobulin (hTg) levels where thyroid cancer tissue does not concentrate radioiodine, rendering false-negative results on I-131 scanning. Material and methods: Whole-body PET imaging using FDG was performed in 54 patients (37 female, 17 male) aged 17-88 years: 45 with papillary tumors and 9 with follicular tumors who were suspected of having recurrent thyroid carcinoma due to elevated thyroglobulin levels (hTg > 2 ng/ml) under thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH ≥ 30 μIU/ml) in whom the iodine scan was negative. All whole body scans were obtained with diagnostic doses (185 MBq). Whole body PET imaging was performed in fasting patients following i.v. administration of 370 MBq FDG while the patients were receiving full thyroid hormone replacement. Before PET, 99mTc methoxyisobutylisonitrile scintigraphy (99mTc-MIBI) was done in 14 patients and morphologic imaging in 26 by CT scan. Results: Positive PET results confirmed the presence of hypermetabolic foci in 25/54 patients (46.29 %). Positive findings were found for PET-FDG in patients with hTg levels higher than 10 ng/ml receiving full thyroid hormone replacement. 99mTc-MIBI demonstrated lesions in 7/14 patients (50 %). PET-FDG and 99mTc-MIBI had congruent positive results in 4/7 patients. All the lesions found by CT were detected by PET-FDG, while recurrent disease was found in 12/21 patients with previous negative CT. Conclusions: These results suggest that PET-FDG seems to be a promising tool in the follow-up of thyroid cancer and should be considered in patients suffering from differentiated thyroid cancer with suspected recurrence and/or metastases by elevated thyroglobulin levels, and negative I-131 whole body scans. PET-FDG might be more useful at hTg levels > 10 ng/ml


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Humans , Tomography, Emission-Computed , Radiopharmaceuticals , Thyroglobulin/blood , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Thyroid Neoplasms , False Negative Reactions , Iodine Radioisotopes , Retrospective Studies , Neoplasm Metastasis , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
15.
Org Lett ; 2(20): 3209-12, 2000 Oct 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11009383

ABSTRACT

The presence of a temporary one-atom internal tether in 1,9-deca- and 1,10-undecadienes allows their efficient ring-closing metathesis (RCM). Cleavage of the bridging tether of the resulting bicycles provides eight- or nine-membered carbocycles, medium-sized rings that are difficult to assemble using other currently available procedures.

17.
J Org Chem ; 65(8): 2528-31, 2000 Apr 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10789466

ABSTRACT

Opening of the bridging ether of 8-oxabicyclo[3.2.1]oct-6-ene systems 1,7-fused to a five-membered carbocycle that bears a double bond conjugated to that of the oxabicycle can be induced at low temperaure by the addition of an organolithium reagent. If this double bond is unsubstituted, the opening occurs via an anti-1,6-addition pathway, and if substituted it takes place by means of a more classical syn SN2' addition.

19.
J Colloid Interface Sci ; 196(2): 148-156, 1997 Dec 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9792740

ABSTRACT

The TTAB-butanol system has been studied over a temperature range of 15 to 35 degreesC and at butanol concentrations up to 0.3 mol/kg. The CMC vs temperature curves have a smooth minimum whose location is not markedly influenced by alcohol presence. The molar fraction of butanol in the micelles and the entropy of micellization have been calculated using a theoretical treatment of critical micelle concentration data based on excess thermodynamic quantities. The heat capacity of micellization has been obtained and compared with results predicted by a recent thermodynamical theory which describes a universal behavior exhibited by ionic surfactants. Both the entropy and the enthalpy of micellization increase with alcohol concentration. The butanol molar fraction in micelles enables us to estimate the standard free energy of solubilization, which is found to decrease with temperature. It is important to emphasize the chance of predicting the value of these interesting thermodynamic quantities without the need for measuring them. The degree of micelle ionization has also been evaluated using two different methods, and no significant differences have been observed. Copyright 1997 Academic Press.

20.
Rev. cuba. adm. salud ; 3(4): 335-350, oct.-dic 1977. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | CUMED | ID: cum-14664

ABSTRACT

Se analiza el desarrollo de la actividad científica estudiantil en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de la Universidad de La Habana, hoy Instituto Superior de Ciencias Médicas, y se establecen sus fundamentos cientificopedagógicos, educativos, éticos y politicoideológicos, así como los rasgos fundamentales que debe poseer la ciencia en una sociedad socialista, su nexo con la práctica y la producción o los servicios, el triunfo del colectivismo sobre el individualismo y su papel de promoción del desarrollo del país, en medio de los dos grandes acontecimientos históricos del mundo contemporáneo: la revolución social y la revolución cientificotécnica. Se destacan los logros obtenidos en la incorporación de la actividad al currículo y las diferentes formas extracurriculares de la misma, su evaluación y las diferentes formas de estímulo al estudiante. Se enfatiza el factor decisivo que representan las organizaciones estudiantiles en el desarrollo exitoso de esta actividad (AU)


Subject(s)
Students, Medical , Education, Medical , Teaching Care Integration Services , Faculty, Medical
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