Analysis of Some Physiological and Biochemical Indices in Patients with Covid-19 Pneumonia Using Mathematical Methods.

The aim of the work was to conduct a retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients with pneumonia caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and to determine via mathematical methods the significance of some physiological and biochemical indices as predictive markers of an unfavorable outcome of the disease. A random cohort of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia numbered 209 people. Mathematical analysis addressed the physiological characteristics of patients recorded at the time of hospital admission, as well as blood coagulation parameters and those reflecting the development of an inflammatory reaction. The analyzed parameters were categorized relative to the reference ranges of physiologically normal values. Correlation analysis was carried out using categorical data on the disease outcome. The algorithms for calculating statistical characteristics, as well as results visualization, were programmed in Python. When comparing patient groups, the significance of differences between the determined parameters was assessed using the Pearson's χ2 test with Yates' correction. The study showed that the age over 50 and male sex can be considered risk factors for patients with COVID-19 pneumonia (p < 0.05). The disease outcome was found to be significantly affected by cardiovascular pathologies (p < 0.01) and to a lesser extent by diabetes mellitus (p < 0.10). There were revealed maximal correlation coefficients between the oxygen saturation level (-0.43), as well as the breathing rate (0.43), and a fatal outcome of the disease. For patients over 50 years of age, oxygen saturation below 80% at the time of hospital admission turned out to be a marker of mortality. It was shown that D-dimer blood levels above 625 ng/mL in patients over 80 years of age correlated with mortal outcomes. No correlation was found between the C-reactive protein (CRP) level and the disease outcome. The effect of corticosteroids on the disease outcome was analyzed in patients with different CRP levels. It was found that, while using corticosteroids, the mortality rate in patients with CRP ≤ 12.5 mg/L is 2.7 times higher than in those with CRP > 12.5 mg/L (p < 0.01). Thus, the use of adequate mathematical methods made it possible to define more precisely some mortality-associated physiological and biochemical indices in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.

Pharmaceutical Composition for Improving Physical Working Capacity.

For development of a pharmaceutical composition improving physical performance, effects of various drugs and their combinations on forced swimming test performance were studied on laboratory rats. Maximum increase in animal performance was produced by a 3-component composition asparcam+mildronate+metaprote in proportion of 5.0, 10.7, and 14.3 mg/kg, respectively. No changes in blood serum biochemistry and morphological composition of the peripheral blood were detected after single intragastric administration of the composition.

Effects of drugs on exercise performance.

The effects of 15 preparations with general tonic, antioxidant, and antihypoxant activities on exercise performance of laboratory rats were studied in the forced swimming test. The best recovery and improvement of exercise performance was recorded after a single intragastric dose of schizandrin and acyzol. These drugs stimulated an increase in the parameters in control animals by 86 and 72% (exercise performance recovery) and by 33 and 51% (exercise performance improvement).

[Biological effects of electromagnetic radiation of extremely high frequencies combined with physiologically active compounds].

The study of the action of the electromagnetic radiation (EMR) of low intensity (10 microW/cm2) in the range of frequencies 120-170 GHz at the test-reaction of Infusoria Paramecium caudatum was carried out. The resonant character of the effects was established. The EMR action at 156.6 and 161.3 GHz caused the increase of infusorians mobility, the action at frequencies 151.8, 155.7, 167.1 GHz caused the mobility reduction. Isolated and combined with EMR effects of nicotine (10(-4)-10(-15) mol/l) and antimicrobial drug metronidazole (10(-5), 10(-8), 10(-9) mol/l) were investigated. The radiation at the frequency 167.1 GHz was shown to reduce the effect of nicotine (10(-9) mol/l) and to enhance the effect of metronidazole (10(-9) mol/l). This phenomenon may be explained by different effects of the substances in low concentration at the water hydrogen bonds net structure.

[The influence of the 1-(2'-hydroxiethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole on the state of erythrocyte membranes and their models].

Metronidazolum decreased diffusion mobility of membrane surface water. It is possible, that Wuks's effect represents the molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon. We suppose, that protective action of the derivatives of the nitroimidazole on cell lysis is related to changes of the diffusion mobility of the surface water.

[Nonspecific effect of morphine on the erythrocyte membrane]. / Nespetsificheskoe deistvie morfina na membrany éritrotsitov.

The effect of low morphine concentrations on the plasmatic membranes of erythrocytes without opiate receptors was investigated. It was shown that the ATPase activity and hemolytic stability of erythrocytes, which characterize the state of cell membranes and the mobility of the near-membrane water phase, depend on the concentration of morphine, and this dependence is wave-like. The nonmonotonous dependence of the biological response was suggested to be due to changes in the structure of water hydrogen links near the membrane surface, induced by opiate molecules. The hypothesis was confirmed by the results of studies of morphine water solutions using the methods of fluorescent probe and light scattering. It was found that the intensity of light scattering by water and the mobility of its molecules considerably increase in the presence of strictly specified concentrations of morphine.

[The respiratory activity of Rhodococcus rhodochrous M8 cells producing nitrile-hydrolyzing enzymes]. / Respiratornaia aktivnost' mikrobnykh kletok Rhodococcus rhodochrous M8, produtsiruiushchikh nitrilgidrolizuiushchie fermenty.

The respiratory activity of Rhodococcus rhodochrous M8 cells containing nitrile hydratase and amidase was studied in the presence of nitriles and amides of carbonic acids. Culturing of cells with acrylonitrile and acrylamide yielding their maximum respiratory activity was studied. The optimum conditions for measurements and maintenance of respiratory activity were found. Curves for the linear concentration dependence of cell respiratory activity on 0.01-0.5 mM acrylonitrile, 0.025-1.0 mM acetonitrile, and 0.01-0.1 mM acrylamide were plotted. The selectivity of cell respiratory activity for some substrates was analyzed.

[Isolation of nitrile hydratase from Rhodococcus rhodochrous M8 cells and determination of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of its subunits]. / Vydelenie nitrilgidrazazy iz kletok Rhodococcus rhodochrous M8 i opredelenie N-kontsevoi aminokislotnoi posledovatel'nosti sub''edinits.

Nitrile hydratase was isolated and purified to homogeneity from cells of Rhodococcus rhodochrous M8. This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of acrylic acid nitrile to acrylamide. Nitrile hydratase content in the cell was shown to be 17% of total soluble protein. The molecular weight of the native enzyme was 510 kDa. The enzyme consisted of two subunits with molecular weights of 23.5 kDa and 28.0 kDa. The N-terminal amino acid sequences of these subunits were estimated.

L-ascorbic acid in nonenzymatic reactions. I. Reaction with glycine.

The influence of the water content, molar ratio, time and temperature on the formation of nondialysable melanoidins produced by the interaction of L-ascorbic acid and glycine has been studied. The isolated polymers have been characterized by spectrum analysis and fractionated using gel chromatography. The rate constants of the reaction for temperatures of 90 degrees C, 100 degrees C and 110 degrees C have been calculated and are (0.84 +/- 0.29) x 10(-5) x s-1, (1.33 +/- 0.14) x 10(-5) x s-1 and (5.30 +/- 0.37) x 10(-5) x s-1, respectively. The activation energy of the reaction has been determined to be 106.07 +/- 32.47 kJ/mol.