ABSTRACT
We report the high susceptibility of several clinical isolates of Propionibacterium acnes from different sources (skin, bone, wound exudates, abscess or blood contamination) to the head-to-tail cyclized bacteriocin AS-48. This peptide is a feasible candidate for further pharmacological development against this bacterium, due to its physicochemical and biological characteristics, even when it is growing in a biofilm. Thus, the treatment of pre-formed biofilms with AS-48 resulted in a dose- and time-dependent disruption of the biofilm architecture beside the decrease of bacterial viability. Furthermore, we demonstrated the potential of lysozyme to bolster the inhibitory activity of AS-48 against P. acnes, rendering high reductions in the MIC values, even in matrix-growing cultures, according to the results obtained using a range of microscopy and bioassay techniques. The improvement of the activity of AS-48 through its co-formulation with lysozyme may be considered an alternative in the control of P. acnes, especially after proving the absence of cytotoxicity demonstrated by these natural compounds on relevant human skin cell lines. In summary, this study supports that compositions comprising the bacteriocin AS-48 plus lysozyme must be considered as promising candidates for topical applications with medical and pharmaceutical purposes against dermatological diseases such as acne vulgaris.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Muramidase/metabolism , Propionibacterium acnes/drug effects , Propionibacterium acnes/metabolism , Biofilms/drug effects , Flow Cytometry , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Propionibacterium acnes/ultrastructureABSTRACT
La espectrometría de masas MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight) se ha establecido en los últimos años como una herramienta diagnóstica de primera línea en la identificación de microorganismos, incluyendo los que producen infecciones en el ser humano. La detección rápida de resistencias antimicrobianas es una de las aplicaciones futuras con más expectativas de éxito de esta técnica. En esta revisión se va a tratar de hacer una aproximación a los trabajos más relevantes que se han publicado en este campo, discutiendo los potenciales retos futuros y su aplicación clínica en los próximos años
In recent years, MALDI-TOF (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight) mass spectrometry has become established as a first-line diagnostic tool in the identification of microorganisms, including those producing human infections. Rapid detection of antimicrobial resistance is one of the future applications of this technique with the greatest likelihood of success. This review describes the most important studies published in this field and discusses potential future challenges and the clinical application of this technique in the next few years
Subject(s)
Humans , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization/classification , Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial , Bacterial Infections/diagnosis , Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Bacterial Infections/classification , Computational Biology/methods , Bacterial Infections/drug therapyABSTRACT
La norma UNE-EN-ISO 15189:2007. Laboratorios clínicos. Requisitos particulares para la calidad y la competencia especifica los requisitos de gestión y los requisitos técnicos que deben cumplir los laboratorios de microbiología clínica que quieran alcanzar un máximo de calidad en la realización de análisis microbiológicos. Con la implantación de esta norma se puede conseguir la acreditación o el reconocimiento formal por una entidad autorizada de la aptitud del laboratorio para realizar un ensayo o un conjunto de ensayos. En España la entidad evaluadora es la Entidad Nacional de Acreditación.Resumen El objetivo de esta revisión es acercar los requisitos de la norma UNE-EN-ISO 15189:2007 a los laboratorios de microbiología, con un enfoque práctico y orientado a los estudios de bacteriología y serología. Se definen brevemente los alcances y se especifican los requisitos que ha de cumplir el análisis microbiológico, el control de la documentación, el aseguramiento de la calidad, el control de los equipos, la gestión del personal, los sistemas de información, suministros y otros servicios externos y, por último, se indican los sistemas de evaluación para monitorizar la mejora continua de los procesos y del servicio prestado por el laboratorio (AU)
The UNE-EN-ISO 15189:2007 standard specifies the management and technical requirements that clinical microbiology laboratories must meet to achieve optimal quality when performing microbiological analyses. With implementation of this standard, a laboratory can receive the accreditation and formal recognition of an authorized body, certifying that it is apt for performing an assay or group of assays. In Spain, laboratories that apply these standards can be accredited by the Entidad Nacional de Acreditación (ENAC, Spanish accreditation body).AbstractThe purpose of this review is to familiarize clinical microbiology laboratory specialists with the UNE-EN-ISO 15189:2007 standard through a practical approach focussed on bacteriology and serology studies. We briefly define the scope and specify the requisites required for managing the quality of the procedures and processes involved in performing tests on human specimens, for document control, and for management of instruments and equipment, personnel, information systems, supply systems, and external services. Lastly, evaluation approaches are indicated to achieve continuing improvement of the processes carried out and the services the laboratory provides (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Laboratory Techniques/standards , Laboratory Proficiency Testing , Microbiological Techniques/standards , Laboratories/standards , Quality Control , Total Quality ManagementABSTRACT
The UNE-EN-ISO 15189:2007 standard specifies the management and technical requirements that clinical microbiology laboratories must meet to achieve optimal quality when performing microbiological analyses. With implementation of this standard, a laboratory can receive the accreditation and formal recognition of an authorized body, certifying that it is apt for performing an assay or group of assays. In Spain, laboratories that apply these standards can be accredited by the Entidad Nacional de Acreditación (ENAC, Spanish accreditation body). The purpose of this review is to familiarize clinical microbiology laboratory specialists with the UNE-EN-ISO 15189:2007 standard through a practical approach focussed on bacteriology and serology studies. We briefly define the scope and specify the requisites required for managing the quality of the procedures and processes involved in performing tests on human specimens, for document control, and for management of instruments and equipment, personnel, information systems, supply systems, and external services. Lastly, evaluation approaches are indicated to achieve continuing improvement of the processes carried out and the services the laboratory provides.
Subject(s)
Bacteriological Techniques/standards , Laboratories/standards , Serologic Tests/standards , Humans , Practice Guidelines as Topic , Quality ControlABSTRACT
A method using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry was developed and applied to the determination of volatile compounds generated in meat, at different times, from ground beef stored under refrigeration. Selection of the extractive fiber, extraction time, and headspace (HS) or direct extraction was optimized for the determination of volatile compounds from ground meat. Various fibers were investigated, and carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane was selected for these analyses. The HS analysis of the solid sample by HS-SPME produced a higher volatile signal than did direct-SPME. The meat samples were stored under refrigeration and analyzed after 0, 3, and 6 days of storage. These analyses at different times showed important changes in the volatile profile of the evaluated samples. The ketones 3-hydroxy-2-butanone and 2,3-butanedione, and the alcohol 3-methyl-1-butanol were the most representative compounds generated during the meat storage. In general, compounds associated with a butter off-flavor were detected during the storage of raw ground beef.
